摘要
为什么在长达30年的高等教育改革中,即使以法律形式保障的大学的自主权迟迟不能落到实处?本文认为从组织的权力逻辑看,权力可划分为根本权力、基本权力、衍生权力与让渡权力四个层次。大学作为学术文化机构存在的组织,其根本权力应该是学术权力。要根本解决大学自主权的悬置,只能从大学组织的基本权力层面切入,分析和解决校长选择权、学生选择权、自主理财权、教员聘任权问题。大学自主权的实现必须有强有力的约束机制,既包括对政府权力的约束,也包括对大学自身权力的约束。大学章程的契约化、政府对大学校长资格的终审权、大学自主招生权力和大学自主理财权力约束体系的健全,是落实大学自主权必不可少的内容。
Why cannot the university＇s autonomous rights be implemented even in the form of legal guarantee in the past 30 years of reform in higher education？ It is held in this essay that from the perspective of organizational logic, rights can be divided into four levels of fundamental rights, basic rights, derivative rights and transferrable rights. It is unquestionable that the fundamental rights of a university as an academic and cultural institution should be academic rights. The only fundamental solution to the suspension of university autonomous rights can be sought from the basic rights of the university organizations. These basic rights are the ＂must＂ for the university operations. It is not a bargain-like reform with respect to derivative and transferrable rights, which is one of the major reasons why the university autonomous rights cannot be actually implemented. Therefore, this essay holds that the basic autonomous rights of the university organizations should, include presidents＇ rights to select, students＇ rights to select, the rights to handle finance autonomously, and the rights to recruit staff. The realization of the university＇s autonomous rights involves a constraint mechanism, which applies to not only the authority of the government but also the rights of the university. The regulation of the university itself is a perfect agreement, which forms the fundamental legitimacy whilst also fixing, specifying and solidifying both parties＇ rights. Consequently, the participation of government in the establishment of the university＇s regulations is indispensable. To summarize, the implementation of the university＇s autonomous rights encompasses the division of the power margin between the government and the university, the government＇s rights of adjudication over the qualifications of the university president, the improvement to the constraint mechanism in the university＇s power of independent admissions, and the enhancement of the constraint mechanism of the university＇s autonomous finance.
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第7期1-9,共9页
Research in Educational Development
关键词
大学
办学自主权
university
school running
autonomous rights
