摘要
利用6个T型不育系及其保持系和5个恢复系配制30个T质杂种和30个相应的A质杂种，另外选用4个K型不育系与2个K型恢复系配置8个K质杂种和8个相应的A质杂种，研究杂种F1和杂种F2品质性状的杂种优势。研究结果表明：T质、K质及A质杂种F1和F2的籽粒胚乳蛋白质含量、干、湿面筋含量均表现较强的杂种优势，杂种优势变异范围大，多数组合呈正向优势且具有较高的超亲优势，与前人的结论不一致，说明利用杂种优势提高杂种小麦的籽粒胚乳蛋白质含量、干、湿面筋含量是可能的。T质、K质及A质杂种F1和F2籽粒胚乳的Zeleny沉淀值的杂种优势以负向为主，说明利用杂种优势提高杂种小麦的籽粒胚乳Zeleny沉淀值，提高小麦烘烤品质具有一定困难，但各类杂种都有一定数量组合的F1和F2的Zeleny沉淀值表现一定程度的正向杂种优势，因此通过正确选择亲本组配强优势组合，利用杂种优势提高沉淀值是有可能的。
30 hybrids with T. timopheevi cytoplasm and 30 hybrids with T. aestivum cyto-plasm were obtained from crossing 6 T-type male sterile lines and their B-lines with 5 T-type restoring lines. Meanwhile 8 hybrids with Aekotschyri cytoplasm and 8 hybrids with T. aestivum cytoplasm were obtained similarly with 4 K-type male sterile lines and 2 K-type restoring lines. The heterosis of grain quality characters of their F1 and F2 generation were studied. The results showed that the heterosis of grain protein content,dry and wet gluten content in F1 and F2 generation hybrids with T. timopheevi- or Ae. kotschyri- or T.aestivum cytoplasm were significant,and their variation ranges were also bigger. Most of these crosses presented positive heterosis over both parents. These results were different from previous studies, thus suggesting the possibility of increasing grain protein content,dry and wet gluten content of hybrid wheat by means of heterosis. However,the heterosis of Zeleny sedimentation values of F1 and F2 hybrids were mainly negative,suggesting that it is difficult to increase Zeleny sedimentation value and bread baking quality through hybrid wheat. Even though, to some extent certain F1 and F2 hybrids of some crosses still possessed positive heterosis for Zeleny sedimentation value, thus it is also possible to im-prove sedirnentation value by selecting suitable parents and crosses.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期26-32,共7页
Journal of China Agricultural University
