摘要
利用潮州1957—2007年逐日降水资料,统计分析其年、季降水气候特征及暴雨气候特征;应用MHF小波方法分析年降水量及暴雨日数的多时间尺度特征。结果表明:(1)潮州年降水量总体呈上升趋势,前汛期降水量对全年雨量的贡献逐渐下降,后汛期则相反;汛期开始月份及汛期降水强弱的年际变化明显,汛期结束月份年际变化不显著;降水偏多异常,各月差别不大,偏少异常,各月差别很大;4—8月最易发生降水异常。(2)暴雨主要发生在4—9月,暴雨气候事件初发时间有提前趋势,但近51 a暴雨日数总体上无明显增加。(3)年降水量存在3.5 a、18.4 a的主要时间尺度;暴雨日数存在4.6 a、12.1 a主要时间尺度。(4)整个时间域上,降水量和暴雨日数均存在较好的对应关系,不同尺度和时期这种对应特征略有不同。
According to the daily rainfall data from 1957 to 2007 in Chaozhou,the climate features of precipitation and rainstorm yearly and seasonally were statistically analyzed,and based on the Mexican Hat Function（MHF） wavelet analysis,multiple temporal scale feature were analyzed for yearly precipitation and days with rainstorm.The results show that（1） the yearly precipitation has the trend of escalation in Chaozhou.The contribution of precipitation in the early flood period is declining gradually in the past 51 years,but it is opposite in the later flood period.There are obvious inter-annual variations at the outset month of flood period,but it is not obvious in the end month of flood period.The precipitation is numerous unusually with a little difference among each month while the precipitation is not numerous unusually with a big difference among each month.It was usual to have abnormal precipitation from April to August.（2） The rainstorm mainly occurred in April-September,the number of days with rainstorm were not obvious increase in the trend.（3） There are 3.5a and 18.4 a main time scales of precipitation.Correspondingly,there are 4.6 a and 12.1 a main time scales of rainstorm.（4） From the entire time domain,the number of days with rainstorm and precipitation has a good corresponding relationship.However,this kind of corresponding characteristic is slightly different in the different time scales and period.
出处
《暴雨灾害》
2009年第3期283-287,共5页
Torrential Rain and Disasters
关键词
降水量
暴雨日数
小波分析
年际变化
年代际变化
潮州
Precipitation
Days of heavy rain
Wavelet analysis
Inter-annual changes
inter-decadal changes
Chaozhou
