摘要
完成了激光辐射、微波辐射、交变电场和不同温度中溶剂萃取实验。研究了超声溶剂萃取。结果发现，为了得到相同的萃取量，不同方法的提取时间相差几倍、甚至几十倍。分析了各种条件下萃取过程，从细胞中萃取特定物质过程的主要问题是如何打破细胞壁这层势垒，让特定的物质从细胞中释放出来与溶剂直接接触。并提出微波辐射溶剂萃取在天然香料提取和中药西制领域有很好的应用前景。
With the development of living conditions, the need for natural perfume is growing more and more. How to efficiently extract special material with good quality from plant cells becomes a problem concerned by many specialists. The solvent extraction experiments under laser irradiation, microwave irradiation, exchange electric field and under different temperatures have been completed, and also a study on the solvent extraction by ultrasonic has been done. For obtaining the same extraction capacity, extraction time of mentioned above methods is different in several times or even tens of times. By analyzing the extraction processes under a variaty of conditions, the extraction of special material from cells is different from extraction processes in sense of chemics and can not be described simply by diffuse equation. The main question of the processes is to break the cell wall to release the special material from cells and then to connect with the solvent. On these bases, the mechanism of extracting special material from cells is improved. More detailed, the paper states that solvent extraction under microwave irradiation is by internal selection heating to cells, the material in cells expands quickly, which leads cell wall to break. The solvent extraction by ultrasonic is to make use of space effect of liquid, by which cell wall is broken from outside. And meanwhile the extraction material wanted is also broken. This kind of mechanism explaines why the solvent extraction by ultrasonic or microwave irradiation needs short time, as well as why long time of ultrasonic irradiation under strong sonic field leads the extraction quantity and quality to decrease. Microwave energy based on its special advantages, provides a new way for extraction.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第2期68-72,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
关键词
细胞
萃取机理
微波
超声波
辐射
植物细胞
cell extraction, mechanism, microwave, ultrasonic, irradiation
