摘要
政党竞选对国家政策的影响力是分析评价西方国家政治制度和政党作用的一个指标。本文选取英国执政党竞选时的福利主张作为分析对象,通过内容分类、对比分析执政党主张的差异和政治倾向性的变化,描述英国历次政党竞选中福利主张的发展变化。研究结果显示,英国两个执政党在竞选时提出的福利主张涉及福利行政管理和服务的主张多于福利制度和待遇水平,政党之间具有一致性的主张多于对立或有差异性的主张,在政府主导和市场化倾向方面的程度有所不同,但保持了共同的政策发展趋势。政党竞选和政党轮替都未对现行政策产生颠覆性影响,而是形成了相互继承和局部改进的格局。
The influence of party competition on state policies is an indicator for evaluating the Western political systems and the roles of the political parties. This paper analyses the welfare policy claims put forward by the UK ruling parties in their manifestoes in each of the general election campaigns since 1950. The methods used in this paper include content cataloguing and comparison and analysis of the different welfare policy claims and of the changes of the political orientation of the ruling parties at various times. It is shown by the results that the welfare policies of the two major UK parties concentrate more on welfare administration and services than on the welfare system itself and the level of benefits,that more coherence than opposing or confronting positions can be found between the two parties' policies,and that a common development tendency is maintained although different degrees of state intervention or market-orientation are manifested. The system of party competition and rotation in power has never led to the complete overthrowing of the previous ruling parties' policies,while on the contrary,the party in power always pushes its own welfare reform based on that of its predecessor's with only partial improvement.
出处
《欧洲研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第2期15-31,共17页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
