摘要
西欧国家的高福利制度是国际社会效仿的典范,但此成就却受制于美国霸权。美国通过提供军事援助等“枪炮”领域的安全支持,承担了西欧国家的防务职能,使后者得以把更多财政资源用于社会福利等“黄油”领域。基于1950—1967年的数据,综合运用回归分析、必要条件分析(NCA)与模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)来评估平均效应、必要效应与充分效应,本文发现美国军事援助显著地促进了西欧福利国家建构,且在充分条件组态中处于核心地位。然而,美国军事援助在显著地推动西欧国家实现高福利水平的同时,也使其陷入“高福利锁定”的困境。随着美国逐步在“枪炮”领域“撤梯”,西欧国家受到“高福利锁定”的结构性约束,导致其难于调整军事安全政策,更加依赖并受制于美国霸权。
The high-welfare systems of Western European countries have long served as a model for the international community.This achievement,however,was constrained by US hegemony.By providing military aid and other forms of security assistance in the realm of"guns",the US assumed the defense responsibilities of Western Europe,thereby allowing the latter to allocate more fiscal resources to the"butter"realm such as the social welfare.Utilizing a panel data ranging from 1950 to 1967 and employing a combination of regression analysis,Necessary Condition Analysis(NCA),and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA),this article respectively assesses the average effects,necessary conditions,and sufficient configurations.The authors find that the US military aid contributed significantly to the construction of Western European welfare states and played a pivotal role in the sufficient condition configurations.While US military aid facilitated the attainment of high welfares,it led to the predicament of"high-welfare lock-in",As the US gradually withdrew its military presence,the European countries had been stuck in the welfare commitments,making it difficult to adjust their military-security policies and rendering them increasingly dependent on and subordinate to US hegemony.
作者
崔磊
卢凌宇
CUI Lei;LU Lingyu
出处
《欧洲研究》
北大核心
2025年第3期61-89,I0003,共30页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
基金
云南省哲学社会科学专家工作站(立项号:2022GZZH01)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“北大西洋公约组织与西欧福利国家建构”(立项号:2023Y0270)资助的研究成果。
