摘要
对１９９６年杭州市３所小学的风疹暴发，和应急接种冻干风疹减毒活疫苗的效果进行了调查。结果显示：病儿风疹ＩｇＭ抗体检出率与采血时间密切相关，以出疹后５～２８天检出率最高（９７７３％）；风疹血凝抑制（ＨＩ）抗体临界滴度，显性感染为１∶１６，隐性感染为１∶２５６；抗体阴性的未接种疫苗者，经过风疹暴发，显性和隐性感染率分别辊为１３７９％、４４８３％，显性与隐性感染之比为１∶３６２５；暴发前抗体阳性率４０％，暴发后升至８８２４％，提示人群风疹抗体阳性率＞９０％可阻断风疹传播。抗体阴性者接种风疹疫苗后抗体全阳转，几何平均滴度倒数（ＧＭＲＴ）为２１８６９。风疹罹患率接种组和未种组分别为５８３％、２７６１％，疫苗保护率为７８８８％。
Rubella outbreak and emergent vaccination effect were investigated in three primary schools. There sults showed that detectable rate of rubella IgM antibody was closely related to the time of blood specimen collection. Detection rate was the highest (9773%) between 5th and 28th days of onset. The critical titre of the apparent rubella infection was 1∶16, and that of the inapparent infection of rubella was 1∶256. The rates of apparent and inapparent infection among unvaccinated pupils (HI antibody<1∶8) were 1379% and 4483%, respectively, the ratio of apparent to inapparent infection was 1∶325. Positive rate of rubella antibody was 40% before outbreak and 8824% after outbreak. The results indicate that transmission of rubella virus could be prevented when antibody positive rate of population was higher than 90%. Antibody positive seroconversion rate after inoculation with rubella vaccine was 100%, GMRT was 21869. Attack rate of rubella in vaccinated group was 583%, in control group 2761%, protective rate of vaccine was 7888%.
出处
《中国计划免疫》
1998年第2期85-87,共3页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
