摘要
目的了解杭州市风疹流行特征。方法采用爆发调查方法和疾病监测点的病例报告方 法。结果风疹爆发地区发病率为１３． ５２％，幼儿园儿童为２４．３％，农村小学生为２６． １３％，初中生 为０． ５６％，大学生为１． ６７％；小学教职工的平均罹患率５． １８％。 １９９０～１９９５年杭州疾病监测点共 报告风疹１２ ２４６例，年均发病率波动于２１． ５５／１０万～８４５． ９４／１０万。有明显的季节性和周期性。发 病年龄为０～７５岁，以５～９岁（２３．６９％～５２．３２％）和１０～１４岁（１１．８１％～３９．６４％）病例最多，此 二年龄组年发病率波动在１１２．５／１０万～５１３６． ６４／１０万。小学生、幼托儿和中学生的病例分别占 ５７． ７２％、１４． ９９％、１２． ８２％。结论风疹疫情严重，免疫预防很有必要，预防重点为儿童。
Objective To study epidemic characteristics of rubella in Hangzhou. Methods Rubella outbreak investigations and case reports in the disease surveillance areas were carried out. Results Attack rates of rubella were 13. 52 % in the population of the survey area , 24. 3 % in the infants of an kindergarten , 26. 13 % in the pupils of a rural primary school , 0. 56 % in the students of a junior middle school and 1. 67 % in the students of an university, and average attack rate was 5. 18 % in the teachers and workers of three elementary schools. A total number of 12 246 rubella cases were reported from 1990 to 1995 in the disease surveillance areas in Hangzhou. The mean yearly morbidity was from 21. 55 per 100 000 populations to 845. 94 per 100 000 populations. There were obvious seasonal and periodic features in rubella incidence. Ages of the reported cases were 0-75 years old. The percentage of rubella cases was the highest among the patiets of 5-9 years of age (23. 69 % -52. 32 % ) or patients aged 10 to 14 years (11. 81% ~ 39. 64/00 ). The inci- dences were 112. 5/100 000-513 6. 64/100 000 in the two age groups. The cases of pupils , nurs- ery school infants and middle school students accounted for 57. 72% , 14. 99 % and 12. 82 % in all reported cases respectively. Conclusions Epidemic situation of rubella was severe, immunization measures should be taken, and children were main objects in prevention and control of rubella.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
1999年第1期45-47,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
风疹
流行病学
监测
rubella
epidemiology
surveillance
