摘要
目的调查中俄边境地区鼠及蜱的种类、分布,鼠体幼、若蜱寄生情况,蜱携带莱姆病螺旋体的情况,为莱姆病的防控提供科学依据。方法鼠夹法捕鼠,布旗法捕蜱,直接免疫荧光法检测蜱中肠带菌率。结果黑龙江中俄边境口岸莱姆病主要贮存宿主鼠的种类为1目3科8属10种,姬鼠属为优势属,黑线姬鼠为优势种。不同鼠体幼、若蜱寄生情况不同,其中大林姬鼠和黑线姬鼠幼、若蜱寄生率较高,分别为41.8%和40.8%,幼、若蜱寄生指数以花鼠最高,黑线姬鼠次之,分别为8.4和4.3。黑龙江中俄边境地区蜱的种类为1科3属4种。不同生态环境蜱的分布不同,各口岸蜱的优势种不同,全沟硬蜱带莱姆病螺旋体率较高,平均为21.7%。森林硬蜱和嗜群血蜱的带菌率较低,平均为2.4%和3.3%,日本血蜱中没有检出阳性者。结论中俄边境地区有5种鼠,即黑线姬鼠、大林姬鼠、棕背鼠平、褐家鼠、小家鼠为中国莱姆病螺旋体的动物宿主。中俄边境地区莱姆病的主要传播媒介是全沟硬蜱。为莱姆病的防控提供了科学依据。
Objective To investigate the species and distribution of rat and tick, parasitic situation of young and adult tick living on rat body, provide scientific data for prevention and control of Lyme disease. Methods Rat were captured by mouse nip, tick were captured by flag method, direct immunofluorescence method was used to detect the antibody of spirochete living in tick intestines. Results Rat was the most important host animal of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. They belong to 1 order, 3 families, 8 genera, 10 species and were A.agrarius,A.spciocus,R.norvegicus,M.musculus,C.triton,C.barabensis,M.fortis,C.rufocanus,E.sibirica,Citellus undulates.The dominant genus is Apodemus, the dominant species is A.agrarius. The parasitic situation of tick varies with different rat. Theparasitic rate of tick in A.spciocus and A.agrarius were higher than others, they were 41.8% and 40.8% respectively; The parasitic index of tick in E.sibiricaand A.agrarius were higher than others, they were 8.4 and 4.3 respectively.The ticks captured from China-Russia border in Heilongjiang province were classified as 1 family, 3 genera, 4 species; They were Ixodes persulaatus schulze, Drmacentor sivarum olener, Heamaphysalis concinna kock, Heamaphysalis japonica kock, respectively. The distribution of tick varies with different ecological environ- ment, the dominate species of tick varies with different port region. The finding rate of Lyme spirochete on Ixodes persulaatus schulze was higher, around 21.7%, whereas the rate of Drmacentor sivarum olener and Heamaphysalis concinna kock were lower, around 2.4% and 3.3%, respectively. It is negative for Heamaphysalis japonica Kock. Conclusion There are 5 species of rat in China-Russia border region, they are Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus speciosus, Clethriomys rutilus, Rattus norvegius and Mus musculus; They are animal hosts of Lyme spirochete in our country. The main vector is Lxodes persulcatus. This study provided authentic data for prevention and control of Lyme disease.
出处
《口岸卫生控制》
2009年第1期28-35,共8页
Port Health Control
关键词
莱姆病
寄生率
寄生指数
带菌率
Lyme disease
parasitic rate
parasitic index
positive rate of bacteria
