摘要
目的：比较精神分裂症与抑郁症住院病人自杀行为的发生比率，临床特征及自杀死亡率的差异。方法：采用病史询问、精神状态检查和定式评定的方法，确定精神分裂症有自杀行为者６４例，抑郁症３４例患者为研究对象，并在５年后追踪调查其自杀死亡的情况。结果：住院精神分裂症自杀行为的发生率为３３％，其中自杀未遂者为１２．９％；抑郁发作的自杀行为发生率为８９．５％，自杀未遂者为５７．９％。影响住院精神分裂症的自杀行为的主要因素为幻觉妄想；影响抑郁症自杀行为的影响因素除情绪障碍外，有８～１１％的病人伴有妄想症状。精神分裂症和抑郁症伴有自杀行为的追踪病例中病程在６年内自杀死亡的比率分别为２．９％和５．６％。结论：精神分裂症和抑郁症的自杀行为是精神科临床危机干预的重要内容，临床医师应当重视发病期精神症状对自杀行为的影响。
Objective:To compare the difference in rates of suicidal behaviour, its death rate, and clinical features between schizophrenia and depression. Method: 64 schizophrenic and 34 depressive patients were compared and followed-up by taking history, mental examination and surveys. Results:the rate of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia inpatients was 33%, with 12.9% of attempted suicide, and that in patients with depression were 98.5% and 57.9%. The causative symptoms of suicide behaviour in schizophrenic inpatients were hallucination and delusion, 8～11% of depressive patients had delusional symptoms. The death rate of suicide in schizophrenic and depressive patients was 2.9% and 5.6%. Conclusion:The suicide behaviour of schizophrenis and depressive disorders was an important focus for crisis intervention at the psychiatric clinic. More attention must be paid to the mental symptoms inducing suicide behaviour.
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSCD
1998年第1期28-31,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
关键词
精神分裂症
抑郁症
自杀行为
临床特征
Schizophrenia, Depression, Suicide behaviour, Clinical feature
