摘要
背景：西南山区作为经济水平欠发达地区，对该地区老年体质状况进行研究，为科学指导该地区老年人健康提供依据。目的；调查分析西南山区老年人体质现状，客观科学评价该人群的健康水平。设计、时间及地点：随机整群抽样、横断面调查分析，于2005—06／08由贵州省国民体质监测中心，六盘水市国民体质监测中心，六盘水师范高等专科学校体育系完成。按年龄分组，5岁为1组，35人，组。对象：采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取西南山区贵州省六盘水市钟山区和水城县老年人280人，年龄60～69岁，生活能自理，对调查项目知情同意。方法；严格按照《2005年国民体质监测工作手册》的要求，测试280名老年人形态类指标、功能类指标和素质类指标。主要观察指标：①形态类指标，包括身高、体质量、胸围、腰围、臀围、上臂皮褶厚度、肩胛皮褶厚度、腹部皮褶厚度。②功能类指标，包括心率、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量。③素质类指标，包括握力、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立、选择反应时。结果：①形态类指标：与全国相比，六盘水老年人各项形态指标均低于全国同性、同龄组平均值（P〈0．05或0．01）；与贵州相比，多项形态指标低于全省同性、同龄组平均值：城乡相比，六盘水乡村老人各项形态指标均低于城镇同性、同龄组平均值，其中65～69岁年龄组男性体质量、胸围、腰围、臀围、皮褶厚度差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05或0．01）。②机能类指标：与全国相比，六盘水老年人心率、肺活量低于全国同性、同龄组（P〈0．01），收缩压和舒张压高于全国同性、同龄组（P〈0．01）；与贵州相比，老年人心率低于同性、同龄组（P〈0．01）；城乡相比，六盘水乡村老人心率高，肺活量、收缩压、舒张压低，但差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。③素质类指标：与全国同性、同龄组相比，六盘水老年握力低、选择反应时时间长（P〈0．01）。与贵州同性、同龄组相比，六盘水老人坐位体前屈低、闭眼单脚站立时间短，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；城乡相比，众多指标均差于城镇。结论：西南山区老年人体质整体低于全国、全省平均水平。
BACKGROUND： Studies on elder constitution in Southwestern Mountainous Area where the economic level is still lower provide evidences for investigating the health of elder people in that area. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the physical fitness condition of old people in Southwestern Mountainous Area, and to evaluate scientifically their health status. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized cluster cross-sectional investigation was performed at the Nation Physical Fitness of Guizhou Province, the Nation Physical Fitness of Liupanshui City, and at the Department of Physical Education of Liupanshui Teachers Training College from June to August 2005. According to their age, five-year period as a group, one group for 35 people. PARTICIPANTS： 280 old people aged 60-69 years from Zhongshan and Shuicheng of Liupanshui City in Guizhou Province of Southwestern Mountainous Area were enrolled by random cluster sample method. All subjects were self-care ability; they knew the aim and process of the experiment and agreed to participate in the experiment. METHODS： According to the regulations of National Physical Fitness Monitoring Directory in 2005, shape index, function index and Physical quality index were investigated in 280 elder people. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Shape indexes included height, body mass, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, triceps skinfold, scapular skinfold and abdominal skinfold. Body function indexes consisted of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and vital capacity. Physical quality indexes were composed of handgrip strength, sit-and-reach, stork stand with closed eyes and reaction time. RESULTS： Every shape index was lower than the same sex-age group of the national average, and the difference was significant （P 〈 0.05 or 0.01）. Most shape indexes were lower than the same sex-age group of the whole province average. Every shape index in urban was lower than the town average, but the male body mass, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference and skinfold in 65-69 years （P 〈 0.05 or 0.01）. The heart rate and vital capacity were lower than the same sex-age group of the national average and the difference was significant （P 〈 0.01）. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher than the same sex-age group of the national average （P 〈 0.01）. The heart rate was lower than the same sex-age group of the whole Guizhou province average （P 〈 0.01）. The vital capacity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure of old people in rural were lower than that of the old people in urban, but the heart rate of old people in rural were higher than that of the old people in urban （P 〉 0.05）. The handgrip strength and reaction time were longer than the same sex-age group of the national average （P 〈 0.01）. Sit and reach and the stork stand with eyes closed time were shorter than the same sex-age group of the Guizhou province average （P 〉 0.05）. Most indexes in rural were lower than the urban. CONCLUSION： The whole physical fitness of old people in Southwestern Mountainous Area is lower than the national and the Guizhou province average.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第33期6562-6566,共5页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
基金
六盘水市体育事业局资助项目(LPSTY200503)~~
