摘要
目的:分析健身运动处方对老年人体质的影响,为运动干预提供理论依据。方法:于2002-09/2004-09选择鞍山市铁东区和立山区在公共场所常年坚持体育锻炼的男性老年人268人,分为实验组和对照组,实验组134人,实施针对性的运动处方,包括强壮功、保健体操、急走、八段锦、倒退走、自由活动6个项目,对照组134人按习惯锻炼。根据《中国老年人体质调研》测试指标测量实验前后1年参与者的形态类指标、素质类指标及功能类指标的变化情况。结果:实验对象268人均进入结果分析。①素质类指标测试结果:实验后实验组各指标均明显优于对照组,其中握力、摸背、闭眼站立均大于对照组犤(236.28±38.31),(223.67±52.52)N;(-4.56±4.22),(-11.01±4.16)cm;(13.04±5.17),(11.12±8.70)s犦,手眼协调、反应时小于对照组犤(12.07±3.17),(13.08±4.13)s;(0.248±0.042),(0.262±0.082)s犦。②功能类指标测试结果:实验后实验组肺活量大于对照组犤(2132±365),(2020±423)N犦,坐站试验安静心率;运动后即刻10s,60～90s,120～150s,180～210s心率均小于对照组犤(78.63±8.25),(80.21±6.98)次/min;(17.16±5.27),(18.52±4.78)次/10s;(44.17±8.12),(46.63±7.35)次/30s;(42.01±6.78),(43.72±5.67)次/30s;(40.51±6.18),(42.36±7.35)次/30s犦。结论:采用针对性的运动处方,可使老年人的握力、摸背、闭眼站立等各素质类指标及反映呼吸和心血管系统的功能类指标显著改善,从而增强体质。
AIM： To analyze the effects of body-building physical exercise prescription on the constitution in elderly person, and provide evidence for exercise intervention. METHODS： 268 elderly people, who lived in the Tiedong Region and Lishan Region of Anshan and persisted physical training perennially in public place, were selected from September 2002 to September 2004, and divided into experimental group and control group. 134 people in the experimental group were treated with exercise prescription directly, including sthenia exercise, hygienic gymnastics, rapidly walking, Ba Duan Jin, moving back walking and free activity, totally 6 items. 134 in the control group did exercise according to habit. According to Chinese elderly people constitution investigation, the changes of formation index, quality index and function index were measured at one year before and after experiment. RESULTS： 268 experimental objects were all involved in the result analysis. ① Measure result of quality index： Every index in experimental group after trial was all significantly better than those in the control group. Among them, the strength of grasp, touching back and standing closed eyes were all bigger than that in the control group [（236.28±38.31 ）, （223.67±52.52）N; （-4.56±4.22）, （-11.01±4.16）cm; （13.04±5.17）, （11.12±8.70）s]. Coordination of hand and eye and reaction time were smaller than those in the control group [（12.07±3.17）, （13.08±4.13）s; （0.248±0.042）, （0.262±0.082）s].② Measure result of function index： The vital capacity of the people in the experimental group after trial was larger than that in the control group [（2 132±365）, （2 020±423）N], the quiet cardiac rate in the sit-stand trial; At the moment of postexercise the cardiac rates at 10 s,60-90 s, 120-150 s, 180-210 s were less than those in the control group. [（78.63±8.25）, （ 80.21±6.98 ） times per minutes ; （ 17.16±5.27 ）, （ 18.52±4.78 ） times per 10 s; （44.17±8.12）, （46.63±7.35） times per 30s; （42.01±6.78）, （43.72±5.67） times per 30s;（40.51±6.18）,（42.36±7.35） times per 30 s]. CONCLUSION： The direct exercise prescription can make significantly improve on the quality index, strength of grasp, touching back, standing closed eyes etc., and function index that have reflect on the breath and cardiovascular system, in order to reinforce constitution.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第32期186-187,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
