摘要
汉语直译词是一种特殊的词汇现象。文章认为,长期以来我们执行的"外来词=音译词"的唯一评判标准,主要源自三方面原因:(1)受时代局限性的影响;(2)具体操作上的困难;(3)国外外来词标准的因袭。而"音译标准"是参照英语等西方语言的所谓"国际惯例",并未考虑到汉语直译词的特殊性。文章把直译词分为隐性直译词和显性直译词,并分析了显性直译词的基本特征。文章强调,外来词的评判中应适时地引进"显性直译标准",以符合汉语词汇发展的实际状况。
The literally-translated words in Chinese are a special lexical phenomenon. This paper argues that the sole criterion for identifying loan words for a long time, namely, ＂loan words = transliterated words＂ mainly stems from three limitations： （ 1 ） the limitation of the time; （2） the difficulties in actual distinction; （3） the copy of the Western standard for loan words. It also holds that the .＂ transliteration criterion＂ in question is an international practice in Western languages, for example English; however, it doesn＇t take into account the particularities of literally-translated words in Chinese. The literally-translated words are categorized into two types： covert literally-translated words and overt literally-translated words. Also we analyze the basic characteristics of overt literally-translated words. Lastly, the paper concludes that the ＂overt literally-translated criterion＂ should be introduced to the identification of loan words in order to reflect the lexical development in Chinese.
出处
《语言文字应用》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第3期108-118,共11页
Applied Linguistics
基金
江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目"汉英词汇比较研究"(05sjd740003)的研究成果之一
关键词
外来词
音译标准
直译词
隐性直译词
显性直译词
loan words
transliterated criterion
literally-translated words
covert literally-translated words
overt literally-translated words
