摘要
本文在探讨亚洲高海拔锄足蟾的属间分类的基础上,进一步对其齿蟾属Oreolalax和齿突蟾属Scutiger所隶的齿突蟾亚属Scutiger(Scutiger)、猫眼蟾亚属Scutiger(Aelurophryne),共计29种的地理分布及其特点作了概括性的综述;并探讨了他们的起源和演化途径;横断山系地区可能是它们的主要分化中心和物种形成中心。
High-altitude pelobatid toads include twenty-nine species, among them thirteen belong to Oreolalax and mainly appear endemically in eastern Hengduan mountains, whereas the other sixteen species are grouped into Scutiger and chiefly found in Qinghai -Xizang Plateau (Tibet). Scutiger includes two subgenera. The first is Scutiger (Scutiger) consisting of ten species and occurring in Himalayan areas and northern Hengduan mountains, seven of which exist in China while the other three in Burma, Nepal and Kashmir. And the second subgenus is S. (Aelurophryne) consisting of six species and mostly found in the middle and norhtern Hengduan mountains. Five species exist in China and the remaining one species in Burma. The geographical distribution of Scutiger and Oreolalax is divided roughly along Mt. Longmen, Mt. Gajin, Mt. Sheduo, Mt. Gongga and the line of about 28° N of the middle Hengduan mountains, and the distribution of the two genera overlaps in these regions.The high-altitude pelobatid toads generally distribute in an area of 77° to 110° E and 24°-36° N. The species of this group are quite abundant in Hengduan mountain areas. In an area of 90° to 104° E and 24° to 33° N, twenty-three species have been found, making up about 79.3% of the total number of Oreolalax and Scutiger. And eighteen species are endemic, occupying 78.3% of 23 species in Hengduan mountain areas. Hence this area may be considered as the probalbe main place of origin and centre of differentiation and speciation of the high-altitude pelobatid toads in Asia.
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
锄足蟾科
起源
地理分布
演化
Amphibia, Pelobatidae, Geographic distribution, Origin and evolution, Centre of differentiation, Qinghai-Tibet plateau
