摘要
2003～2005年连续3年对陕西20个苹果基地县的农药残留状况采用GC和HPLC方法进行了监测,并以国家规定的苹果农药最大残留限量进行了评价。结果表明,陕西苹果的农药检出率为48.6%,样品农药检出率为93.6%。检出率2%以上的农药依次为多菌灵(89.5%)、甲氰菊酯(18.7%)、六六六(16.7%)、氯氰菊酯(15.7%)、氰戊菊酯(13.4%)、乐果(11.5%)、溴氰菊酯(11.2%)、滴滴涕(9.0%)、三氟氯氰菊酯(6.7%)、百菌清(5.8%)、异菌脲(5.3%)、毒死蜱(3.8%)、敌敌畏(2.3%)、氟氯氰菊酯(2.2%)和克菌丹(2.1%)。超标的农药有多菌灵(9.50%)、敌敌畏(1.54%)、辛硫磷(0.77%)和氰戊菊酯(0.75%);经单项农药污染指数、污染指数≥0.5的样品比率、检出率、超标率的综合评价发现,陕西苹果主要污染农药为杀菌剂中的多菌灵,拟除虫菊酯类的甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯和有机磷农药中的敌敌畏。
Shaanxi is one of the most important apple production areas in China. Shaanxi apple are getting more and more concerned by people in the world. Investigating and evaluating pesticide residues in apple, making clear the key controlling pesticides is helpful to apple production and consumer＇s health. Apple pesticide residues of fresh apples in 20 apple production counties of Shaanxi Province were monitored by GC and HPLC methods from 2003 to 2005, and evaluated according to the standards of state unpolluted apple and unpolluted fruits. The results showed that 17 pesticide residues of 35 pesticides were detectable in fresh apples. The detectable rate of pesticide varieties is 48.6%, sample detectable rate 93.6%. The pesticides detectable rate more than 2% are carbendazim, cenpropathrin, BHC, cypermethrin, dimethoate, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, DDT, cyhalothrin, chlorothalonil, iprodione, chlorpyrifos, dichlovos, cyfluthrin, captan, their detectable rate are 89.5%, 18.7%, 16.7%, 15.7%, 13.4%, 11.5%,11.2%,9.0%,6.7%,5.8%,5.3%, 3.8%, 2. 3%, 2.2%, 2. 1% respectively. Pesticides exceeding tolerances of state unpolluted apple and unpolluted fruits are carbendazim（9. 50%）,diehlovos（1.54%）,phoxim（0.77%）and dimethoate （0.75%）. After integrated evaluation through single pollution index, sample rates of half single pollution indexes, sample detectable rate, exceeding tolerance rates, the key pollution pesticides, i. e. , earbendazim in fungicide, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin in pyrethroid, dimethoate in organophosphorus, are revealed.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期1123-1128,共6页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家‘十五’科技攻关计划项目(2004BA516A10)
国家‘十一五’科技支撑计划项目(2006BAK02A24)
关键词
苹果
农药残留
评价
陕西渭北
Apple
Pesticide residues
Evaluation
Weibei,Shaanxi
