摘要
目的了解六城市初中学生烟草与健康方面的相关知识、信念及行为的现状,为有效开展中学生控烟活动提供事实依据。方法对北京、上海、天津、深圳、濮阳、长沙六市随机抽取的14所中学初一至初二年级学生进行统一问卷调查。结果56.59%的学生正确回答了11项及以上知识问题;了解烟草主要危害成分的学生只有21.42%;近80%的学生误认为龋齿与吸烟有关。虽然有60%的学生具有“不吸烟将是新的时尚”这样的信念,但是总的正确信念持有率只有34.19%。学生的尝试吸烟率为18.90%,男生显著高于女生;50.00%以上学生在10岁前开始尝试吸烟;其香烟来源和吸烟场所主要是“家里”。60.00%以上学生尝试过劝阻同伴或父母不吸烟;近40.00%的尝试没有效果;63.38%的学生拒绝了他人的劝烟;然而在接受递烟的学生中一半以上是因为不懂得如何拒烟。近40.%的学生报告在过去半年里学校没有组织过预防吸烟课外活动或没有教师在任何课程上提及烟草与健康相关内容。结论初中学生正处在富有好奇心、喜欢尝试某些成人行为的年龄,对吸烟行为既有好奇和谋求尝试的心理,同时也因接受正面教育和影响具有一定正确认识并能劝阻他人吸烟的行为。因此,对他们及时地进行吸烟有害的教育以及正确审美观和健康行为的引导则是帮助他们树立“不吸烟”信念和远离烟草行为十分重要。
Objective To study the current status of knowledge, belief and behavior on tobacco and health among middle school students, an provide factual reference for effectively developing activity on adolescent＇s smoking prevention. Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out to the students in Grade-1 and Grade- 2 in 14 randomly sampled middle schools in Bcijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenzhen, Puyang and Changsha cities. Results 56.59% of the students answered 11 and more knowledge questions correctly, but only 21.42% knew the three major hazard ingredients of tobacco, about 80% of them misunderstood that Smoking is the reason of decayed tooth. Though about 60% of students recognize that without-smoking will be a new fashion but the students who have general right believes are only 34.19%. The rate of attempt-smoking of students was 18, 90% and boys ‘are marked higher than girls＇ For the students who had attempt-smoking experience more than 50% of them attempted their smoking before age 10 years, and more likely happened at home with the major reason of curiosity. More than 60% of the students tried to persuade their peers or parents not to smoke, but about 40% of the persuasion efforts were ineffective. More than half students accepted other＇s cigarette due to lack of refusal skills. About 40% of the students reported no activity being organized by school in the past six months or no courses mentioned related tobacco and health. Conclusions Middle school students are at the age of curiosity and liking to imitate adult＇s behavior. They are curious about cigarette smoking and want to try; they also have some right beliefs due to positive education and can persuade others from cigarette smoking. It is all-important to educate them about harmfulness of cigarette smoking and right aesthetic concept, to instruct them healthy behaviors, and to advocate Nosmoking belief and keep away from cigarette.
出处
《中国行为医学科学》
CSCD
2006年第4期363-366,共4页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science
