摘要
由于Y染色体存在性别决定基因和精子发生相关基因,男子不育相关的Y染色体基因组学逐步形成,对男子不育症有了全新的诠释。研究发现:缺乏基因重组的Y染色体不但不会逐渐丢失其重要基因,更不会逐渐消亡,而且也处于不断进化中;人类Y染色体有独特的短串重复序列-微卫星DNA和中度Alu家族重复序列,可能与男子不育症的发生有关;Y染色体上约有107个基因列在基因库,在MSY区域约有156个转录单位,其中78个编码蛋白质有27个蛋白质家族已被确认,11个蛋白质仅在睾丸组织中表达,与调节精子的发生相关;Y染色体所特有的基因不但调节着睾丸的生精功能,可能对前列腺、大脑等人体组织器官也有重要作用。
Human Y chromosome contains sex determining region and the genes associated with spermatogenesis. Genomics of the human Y-chromosome association with male infertility appeared and new exploration for male infertility was formed. Though the genes of Y chromosome lack of meiotic recombination, Y chromosome did not disappear, but also it is being in evolution. It includes several families of satellite sequences and the alphoid repeats, Alu repeats associated with male infertility. A total of 107 genes were listed in the database in Y chromosome. The male specific region on Y （MSY） harbours 156 transcription units of which half （78） are suspected to encode proteins, 27 protein or protein families identified, 11 protein only expressed in the testis associated with spermatogenesis. It is likely that the genes on Y chromosome play an important role not only on spermatogenesis, but also on prostate, brain or other organs.
出处
《基础医学与临床》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期238-240,共3页
Basic and Clinical Medicine
