摘要
目的探讨开展预防出生缺陷宣传教育的最佳有效方式。方法以深圳市龙岗区龙岗街道常住人口中的新婚及待孕夫妇为干预对象,采用集中教育方式,利用宣传展版、小册子、讲座和VCD等形式进行优生知识宣传教育,通过调查问卷对比教育前后干预对象对出生缺陷知识、态度变化以及参与优生筛查的行为改变,评估不同宣传教育效果。结果该人群文化层次以高中及以下者为主(83％);受欢迎的宣传教育形式由高到低依次为VCD(86％)、宣传展版(79％)、讲座(57％)、宣传册(48％);综合教育有效地提高了群众对出生缺陷干预工作的认识,对出生缺陷高危因素的认知显著提高(P<0．001);对优生知识学习的必要性认识由干预前的(12％)提高到(100％);主动参加优生筛查率由干预前的14％提高到100％。结论针对城市化初期居民优生意识、生殖保健知识相对匮乏,保留有旧的传统婚育观和不良生活习性等特点,采用多元化的宣传教育模式,可有效提高科普宣传效果,强化群众对出生缺陷危害性的认识,积极主动参与出生缺陷干预活动。
Objective To explore optimal channels of education and communication on birth defects prevention. Methods Subjects were newly married couples or couples who were planning to have a baby among residents of Longgang Community, Huanggang District, Shenzhen City. Channels of education and communication included posters, booklets, lectures, and video CD-ROM. The effectiveness of these channels was evaluated by comparing changes in knowledge of, attitude towards birth defects prevention and reproductive screening before and after intervention. Results Majority of the subjects （83 %） had a educational level of high school or below. The most preferred channel of communication, in the order from high to low, included CD-ROM （86 %）, posters （79 %）, lectures （57 %）, and booklets （48 %）. The integrated educational approach improved the knowledge of birth defects prevention, and the knowledge of risk factors for birth defects （P〈0.001）, knowledge of the necessity of reproductive health （12 % before vs. 100 % after intervention）, active participation in reproductive screening （12 % before vs. 100 % after intervention）. Conclusion This study suggests that integrated educational and communicational approach can improve the effectiveness of education and communication, the knowledge of birth defects, and active involvement of public participation in birth defects prevention programs.
出处
《中国生育健康杂志》
2005年第6期343-347,F0004,共6页
Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health
基金
深圳市龙岗区科技局立项资助
关键词
出生缺陷
宣传教育模式
城市化初期
干预研究
Birth defect
Educational and communication
Urbanization
Intervention
