摘要
目的:大学生的心理处于一个相对稳定的阶段,但仍具有较强的可塑性,是继续教育的最佳时期。分析大学生心理特点,从而进行科学的体育教学,促进和提高体育教学质量。资料来源:手工检索2000-01/2004-12发表的与运动心理学相关的著作和中文期刊,检索词″大学生、体育教学、心理学″文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:纳入标准为与大学生心理特点及体育教学心理学相关的理论及研究成果。排除标准:重复研究。资料提炼:共选择相关专著8部纳入其中20个章节;相关文献19篇,纳入7篇,3篇为对大学生心理特点的论著,4篇为运动对大学生心理健康的影响及体育运动的选择。对大学生自我意识的发展特点、思维发展特点、情感发展特点进行整理,结合教学经验提出与学生心理特点相适应的教学方案,排除12篇为重复研究。资料综合:大学生时期的个体,身心发展趋于成熟,身体发展基本接近于成人水平。这一时期大学生自我意识的发展表现为了解和关心自己的成长、自我评价日趋成熟、尊严感及自尊心强烈、人生观逐渐形成,思维发展表现为具有更高的抽象概括和理论性、具有更大的组织性及深刻性、思维具有独立性和批判性。情绪的发展体现为,情绪体验强烈两极性突出、情绪的时间延续性更长、情感具有文饰性、闭锁性和曲折性、情绪和情感内容更加丰富。结论:大学生时期是一个人独立走向社会的准备时期,也是一个人开始认真考虑自己未来生活道路的时期。因此,体育教学的任务尤为重要,应根据大学生的心理特点,因材施教,树立大学生的自信心与自尊心为运动心理学积累实践资料。
OBJECTIVE： Mental state of university students is relatively stable; however, it also has a strong plasticity, and it is the optimal time for continuing education. In the paper, we analyze the mental characteristics of university students so as to promote and improve quality of physical education. DATA SOURCES： A manual search of literatures and Chinese journals related to motor psychology was undertaken by using the keywords of “undergraduate, physical education, psychology”to identify the relevant articles in Chinese published from January 2000 to December 2004. STUDY SELECTION： The literatures related to theories and research results of the psychological characteristics of undergraduate and psychology of physical education were selected, and repetitive articles were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： Total 20 chapters in 8 bookmaking were collected. Among the 19 relevant articles, 7 articles were enrolled, including 3 about mental characteristics of university students and 4 of motor in mental health of university students and selection of physical exereiso. The literatures were classified by self-awareness, thinking, emotion development characteristics of undergraduate so as to put forward teaching program corresponding to mental characteristics of university students. Twelve articles were excluded because of repetitive articles. DATA SYNTHESIS： As an undergraduate, individual become mature in body and mind, approaching the adult level. During this period,development of self-consciousness is expressed by realizing self-growth, auto-critical maturation, stronger amour-propre and dignity, and philosophy formation. The thinking development of undergraduate includes higher ability of abstractive recapitulation, stronger systematization and profundity, and the independence and criticism of thinking. The emotion development of undergraduate includes stronger emotion experiments, polarization of emotion, and longer time of emotion. CONCLUSION： Undergraduate period is a period that a person trends to become mature in physical and psychology, faces the society independently, begins to think his future. Therefore, physical education is very important for university students and help them creating self- confidence and self-esteem, which provide abundant practice experience for motor psychology.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第24期154-156,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
