摘要
目的:探讨在抗击传染性非典型肺炎的应激状态下,参战一线士兵心理卫生状况,并分析不同年龄及不同岗位士兵间症状因子评分的差异特征。方法:于2003-05/06选择北京解放军小汤山医院男性战士141人(包括机关士兵)为观察对象进行调查。采用症状自评量表对其心理状态进行调查。该量表共有90个项目并分为躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执狂、精神病性等9个症状因子分和总症状指数,采用1～5级评分。评估标准:单项因子分及总症状指数达到3分以上定为阳性,提示可能存在明显的心理问题。在测试前采用统一的指导语,让士兵根据自己的实际情况做出真实的自我评定,独立完成。心理检测由经培训的专业人员进行。并与国内青年常模进行比较。结果:所有战士均完成测试,全部进入结果分析。①参战士兵症状自评量表阳性症状人数分布:参战士兵症状自评量表阳性症状人数依次为躯体化1人(0.7%)、强迫症状13人(9.2%)、人际关系敏感10人(7.1%)、抑郁7人(5.0%)、焦虑3人(2.1%)、敌对5人(3.6%)、恐怖9人(6.4%)、偏执10人(7.1%)、精神病性5人(3.6%)。其中有一项以上分数达到3分者共30人,占调查人数的21.6%。②参战士兵症状自评量表平均分最高的因子为强迫症状,其次为人际关系敏感,最低的因子则是精神病性,中间由高到低依次是敌对、偏执、忧郁、焦虑、躯体化和恐惧。除人际关系敏感因子外,参战士兵症状自评量表各因子分均高于国内青年组常模,差异有显著性。③机关兵的总症状指数和各因子分与非机关兵比较,前者的人际关系敏感因子分显著高于后者。④第2年军龄的战士总症状指数及人际关系、抑郁、恐惧、偏执等因子分显著高于第4年军龄的战士。第2年军龄的战士恐怖因子分也明显高于第1年军龄者(t=2.37,P<0.05)。结论:①参战一线士兵症状自评量表的总分、总均分、阳性项目数、躯体化症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执狂、精神病性等标准分显著高于常模组,具有较高的心理异常发生率。②不同岗位,不同年龄士兵的心理健康评分有差异。
AIM： To investigate the psychological health status of soldiers under the stress of severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS）, and analyze the difference of the factor scores of symptom checklist-90 （SCL-90） among soldiers of different service ages and those at different posts. METHODS： Totally 141 male soldiers were selected from Xiaotangshan Hospital of Chinese PLA between May and June 2003. Their psychological status were investigated with SCL-90, which consisted of 90 items in 9 factors and total symptom indexes of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism, and the 1-5-grade scoring system was used. Evaluation standard： The single factor score and total symptom index reached 3 points was taken as positive, indicating that there may be obvious psychological problems. The purpose and significance of the test were illustrated with uniform instruction before the test, and the soldiers were asked to compare each item in SCL-90, and independently make actual self-evaluation according to their own conditions. The psychological test was performed by trained professional personnel, and the results were compared with young national norms. RESULTS： All the soldiers finished the test and were involved in the analysis of results. ① The distribution of cases with positive symptoms of SCL-90： The numbers of cases with positive symptoms were that 1 （0.7%） for somatization, 13 （9.2%） for obsession-compulsion, 10 （6.4%） for interpersonal sensitivity, 7 （5.0%） for depression, 3 （2.1%） for anxiety, 5 （3.6%） for hostility, 9 （6.4%） for phobic anxiety, 10 （7.1%） for paranoid ideation and 5 （3.6%） for psychoticism. 30 cases （21.6%） had at least one item scored 3 points.②Of the soldiers, the highest score in SCL-90 was the factor of obsession-compulsion, followed by interpersonal sensitivity, and the lowest was psychoticism, and other with the score from high to low in order were hostility, paranoid ideation, depression, anxiety, somatization and phobic anxiety. Except interpersonal sensitivity, the scores of all the other factors in SCL-90 were significantly higher in the soldiers than in the young national norms.③In comparison of the total symptom index and the factor scores between office soldiers and non-office soldiers, the score of interpersonal sensitivity was significantly higher in the former than in the latter. ④ The total symptom index and the scores of interpersonal sensitivity, de-pression, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation were significantly higher in the solders of the 2^nd year than in those of the 4^th year, the score of phobic anxiety was al-so obviously higher in the solders of the 2^nd year than in those of the 1^st year （t=2.37, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： ① The total score, total average score, number of positive items, scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism were all significantly higher in first-line soldiers of SARS than the national norms, and the incidence rate of psychological abnormalities is higher in the soldiers,② There are differences in the score of psychological health in the soldiers at different posts and those of different service ages.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第32期112-113,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
