摘要
"词义透明度"是分析词义与语素义的关系的一种重要方法,也是从意义的角度区分词与短语的一个重要指标。文章以"词义透明度"的定性分析为基础,依托《现代汉语词典》对33095个现代汉语的"词"的词义透明度进行了量化分析。结论主要有两个:(1)绝大多数现代汉语的"词",其词义都是比较透明或完全透明的。意义比较隐晦或完全隐晦的"词",在现代汉语中数量有限。(2)词义的"词典透明度"通常要高于或等于"大众透明度"。对于词典意义上完全透明的双音词而言,造成其大众透明度降低的因素主要有:语素用字是否常见、语素义是否常见、语素是否单用。部分词与短语的中间状态也有着较高的词感。在中间状态的词感解释上,存在着结构、意义、音长之外的其他制约因素。
The transparency of lexical meaning is an important method to analyze the meaning relation between words and their components,and it is also an important means to distinguish words from free phrases.Based on this idea,with the help of Modern Chinese Dictionary,this paper investigates the semantic transparency of 33095 modern Chinese words.The main conclusions are:1) for most modern Chinese words,their meaning is transparent;and 2) for the absolute transparent words,several factors will have an effect on whether they are words or not.These factors include:a) whether the morphemes in the words are common or not;b) the meaning of the morpheme is common or not;and c) the morpheme is free or not.Some middle members between words and phrases are also considered as words.This indicates that some other factors exert their influence on the property of language units besides structure,meaning and length of sound.
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
2011年第3期54-62,96,共10页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
教育部人文社科项目(项目编号:07JC740012)的资助
关键词
词义
透明
量化
词感
lexical meaning
transparency
quantification
the sense of words
