摘要
凤尾菇韧伞（Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓｓａｊｏｒ－ｃａｊｕ）和糙皮侧耳（Ｐｌｅｕｒｏｔｕｓｏｓｔｒｅａｔｕｓ）为两种广泛栽培的食用菌，在中文文献中经常与侧耳属（Ｐｌｅｕｒｏｔｕｓ）的其它几种食用菌统称为平菇。为了种类鉴别和澄清分类上的关系，本文对两种真菌进行了详细的形态描述和特征比较，确认凤尾菇是韧伞属（Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓ）的成员，不应归放在侧耳属内。凤尾菇韧伞与糙皮侧耳，或韧伞属与侧耳属的最显著的差异在于形成担子果的菌丝系统，前者为双系菌丝型，具有薄壁的生殖菌丝和发达的厚壁骨架───绑扎菌丝（有些种具间生或端生的骨架菌丝），后者则为单系菌丝型，仅具薄壁生殖菌丝（偶见有的种具少量端生渐尖的骨架菌丝）。硬质韧伞组与翘鳞韧伞分别新拟为Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓｓｅｃｔ。Ｒｉｇｉｄｉ与Ｌ。ｓｑｕａｒｒｏｓｕｌｕｓ的汉语学名。其它菌物汉语学名命名问题及分类研究结果在食用菌开发和生产中的作用本文也作了讨论。
Lentinus sajor-caju and Pleurotus ostreatus are widely cultivated commercial edible fungi.In order to distinguish these two species and to clarify their taxonomic position,line-drawings illustrating macro-and microscopic features and morphological descriptions and comparisons are provided in the present paper.It is confiimed that L,sajor-caju should not be placed in Pleurotus.The most important distinction between L。sajor-caju and P。ostreatus,or Lentinus and Pleurotus,is the hyphal system forming the basidioma。 Lentinus sajor-caju is dimitic having both generative and skeleto-ligative hyphae(skeletal hyphae,either intercalary or tenninal,in some other species of Len tinus) whilst P。ostreatus is monomitic having only generative hyphae(occasionally terminal, tpering skeletal hyphae occur in some other species of Pleurotus).The Chinese scientific names for Lentinus sect.Rigidi and L squarrosulus are proposed。Other Chinese fungal nomenclature and the potential application of the taxonomic results in ex-ploration and production of commercial edible mushrooms are discussed。Y J.Yao is currently working at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
出处
《云南植物研究》
CSCD
1995年第3期305-311,共7页
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
关键词
凤尾菇
侧耳属
平菇
分类
鉴定
Len tinus,L。 sajor-caju,Pleurotus,P。ostreatus,Edible fungi,Fungal taxonomy,Chnese fungal names
