摘要
目的摸清郑州市尘肺分布现状和发病规律,建立全市尘肺病例数据库,为制定尘肺防治对策提供科学依据。方法按照全国统一方案制定的“尘肺病例卡”上的项目对郑州市1962～2003年尘肺病例进行尘肺病流行病学调查,按统一的编码和程序输入计算机,根据统计结果进行分析。结果全市尘肺累计病例5020例,主要分布在巩义市、郑州市矿务局、新密市、郑州市区,共占全市尘肺病例的79.34%;行业以煤炭系统发病最高,为3693例,占全市尘肺发病率的73.56%,尘肺种类以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,共4531例(占90.26%);尘肺Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期占全市尘肺病例的97.75%,Ⅲ期尘肺仅占不足3%;尘肺结核的并发率为11.18%,全市尘肺病例累计死亡429例,病死率为8.55%;尘肺的平均死亡年龄为52.06岁,平均死亡病程为11.35a;尘肺的主要死因依次为慢性呼吸衰竭、慢性肺心病。结论尘肺现患病例呈逐年增长趋势,郑州市粉尘治理和尘肺防治工作未能得到根本控制,建议进一步加大卫生监督执法力度,增强监管能力,有效控制和预防尘肺病的发生。
Objective To investigate the distribution regularity and incidence of pneumoconiosis,build the municipal database of pneumoconiosis and provide scientific criteria for preventive countermeasures. Methods(According to items) of the unified national“medical record card”for pneumoconiosis,an epidemiological investigation on total cases of pneumoconiosis in Zhengzhou city from 1962 to 2003 was carried out.Then input the data into the computer using uniform codes and programs and analyzed statistically. Results There were (5 020) cases of pneumoconiosis in the city,mainly distributed in Gongyi,Bureau of Mine,Xinmi,and city area of Zhengzhou(79.34%).The coal-mining industry had the most cases((3 693) cases,73.56%).The coal workers′ pneumoconiosis and the silicosis constituted the largest portion((4 531) cases,90.26%).The cases of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ added up to 97.75%,and stage Ⅲ only no more than 3%.The rate of complication with tuberculosis was 11.18%.The number of death was 429;the fatality rate was 8.55%.The average life-span of pneumoconiosis was 52.1 years;the average of the course of death was 11.4 years.The main death causes of pneumoconiosis orderly were chronic respiratory failure and cor-pulmonale. Conclusions The number of pneumoconiosis cases increases every year.The dust hazard and prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in the city has not been controlled and properly managed.It suggests that the inspection and supervision of dust hazard must be enhanced in order to control and prevent the incidence of pneumoconiosis effectively.
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期210-213,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
郑州市科技攻关计划项目(200205286)
关键词
尘肺
流行病学研究
死因
控制和预防
Pneumoconiosis
Epidemiological analysis
Death cause
Control and prevention
