摘要
目的评价射频消融术(RFA)治疗肝脏海绵状血管瘤(HCH)的可行性、安全性及疗效,探讨射频治疗的最佳途径。方法2001年3月至2004年6月,对68例患者共104个HCH病灶进行了RFA治疗。其中,经皮RFA治疗19例,腹腔镜RFA治疗29例,开腹RFA治疗20例。腹腔镜及开腹RFA治疗中,对7例直径大于7cm的病灶采用Pringle法阻断肝内血流进行治疗。术后采用超声检查及螺旋CT增强扫描评价RFA疗效。结果腹腔镜RFA中,发现2个术前影像学未发现的新病灶,开腹RFA中发现4个新病灶。全部病例均顺利完成RFA治疗。Pringle法阻断肝内血流后,术中平均出血量明显减少(P<0.01),单个病灶平均射频治疗时间明显缩短(P<0.01)。腹腔镜RFA中,15例因慢性结石性胆囊炎同时行胆囊切除术,2例因病灶累及胆囊床行胆囊切除术,3例行肝囊肿开窗引流术。开腹RFA中,5例因胆囊病变同时行胆囊切除术,1例行肝囊肿部分切除术,3例因胆总管结石行胆总管探查术。29例出现术后发热及血清转氨酶升高,1例出现一过性血尿,未发现与RFA治疗相关的严重并发症。随访6～36个月,病灶完全坏死率为99%(103/104)。1例经皮RFA治疗后6个月发现边缘残留病灶,再次行经皮RFA治疗。结论RFA治疗HCH安全可行,疗效肯定,并可以根据病灶大小、数量、部位及患者临床状况选择经皮、腹腔镜或开腹进行治疗。阻断肝内血流后进行腹腔镜或开腹RFA治疗可减少出血量,提高疗效。
Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy in patients with hepatic cavernous hemangioma (HCH) and investigate its optimal operative approach.Methods Between March 2001 and June 2004, a total of 68 patients, 18 males and 50 females, age 43.1 (30~64), with 104 HCHs 2.5~11 cm in diameter with the mean size of 5.6 cm, were treated by ultrasound-guided RFA, via percutaneous (n=19), laparoscopic (n=29), or open surgical (n=20) approach. In 7 patients with hepatic lesions larger than 7 cm in diameter, Pringle maneuver was used to occlude the hepatic blood flow during the laparoscopic and open RFA therapy. All patients were followed up with helical computed tomographic (CT) scans and ultrasonography for 19 months (6~36 months). Results Additional intrahepatic lesions not detected preoperatively were found in 2 patients (with 2 new lesions) via laparoscopy and 3 patients (with 4 new lesions) via celiotomy. All patients were treated with RFA successfully. The mean blood loss in the Pringle group (90.0 ml±22.4 ml) was significantly fewer than that in the non-Pringle group (249 ml±56 ml) (P<0.01). The mean RFA time per lesion in the Pringle group (29.0 min±7.5 min) was shorter markedly compared to the non-Pringle group (55.4 min± 12.4 min) (P<0.01). In the laparoscopic RFA group, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed simultaneously in 15 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis and in another 2 patients because of tumors abutting the gallbladders, and laparoscopic fenestration with intraperitoneal drainage was performed in 3 patients with simple hepatic cysts. In the open RFA group, cholecystectomy was performed in 5 patients with gallbladder diseases, partial cystectomy was performed in one patient with a hepatic cyst, and choledochotomy was performed in 3 patients with common bile duct stones. Postoperative fever and abnormal serum transaminase (ALT and AST) levels were observed in 29 patients (42.6%). A transient hematuria occurred in one patient after open RFA. No specific complications developed during or after RFA. The follow-up showed a complete lesion necrosis rate of 99% (103/104). One patient showed an incomplete lesion necrosis in the margin of RFA site 6 months after percutaneous RFA therapy and obtained retreatment with percutaneous RFA. Conclusion RFA therapy is a safe, feasible and effective treatment options for patients with HCHs. This procedure can be performed via percutaneous, laparoscopic, or open approach. To prevent the RFA-related complications and to increase the therapeutic efficacy of RFA, the choice of optimal operative approach should be based on the lesion size, number, and location and on the patient's clinical status. Hepatic inflow occlusion by Pringle maneuver during laparoscopic or open RFA therapy can reduce the blood loss and increase the therapeutic efficacy significantly.
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第23期1608-1612,共5页
National Medical Journal of China
