摘要
介绍钻柱的振动状态和产生振动的原因。针对钻柱的纵向振动,分别建立了力激励法和位移激励法的数学模型;计算结果表明,力激励法与位移激励法求得的消振转速相反,即力激励法的消振转速恰恰是位移激励法的共振转速,反之亦然;传统多以力激励为边界条件来研究钻柱纵向振动的频率响应,并指导现场消振作业的,这样给出的最佳消振转速,恰恰是共振转速;在钻井作业中,钻头的纵向跳动比纵向受力的变化要稳定得多,钻柱的动负荷比动位移重要得多,应该用位移激励法研究钻柱的纵向振动问题。针对钻柱的扭转振动问题,分别建立了扭矩激励法和转角激励法的钻柱扭转振动数学模型;证明用转角激励法来研究钻柱的扭转振动更符合实际。
The state of vibration for drillstrings and the cause of vibration are described in this paper. For the problem of longitudinal vibration, mathematical models are established for the force and displacement excitation methods, respectively. The calculation results indicate that the rotation velocity of anti-vibration by force excitation method is in opposite to that by displacement excitation method. The rotational velocity of anti-vibration by force excitation method is just the resonant rotational velocity by displacement excitation method, and vice versa. Traditionally, to study the frequency response of longitudinal vibration for drillstring, the force excitation is applied to the boundary condition, which is used to guide the operation of anti-vibration on site. Thus, it provides the best anti-vibration rotation velocity, which is just the resonant rotational velocity. In the operation, since the longitudinal jump of drills is much stable than the variation of the force and the dynamic force is more important than the dynamic displacement, the displacement excitation method should be used to study the longitudinal vibration for drillstrings. For the problem of torsion vibration of drillstring, the mathematical model of torsion moment excitation method and rotational angle excitation method are established, respectively. It is concluded that the rotational angle excitation method should be used to study the torsion vibration of drillstrings.[10] Yigit, A S, Christoforou A P. Coupled torsional and
bending vibrations of actively controlled drillstrings[J].
Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2000, 234(1): 67-83.
[11] 刘清友, 马德坤, 钟青. 钻柱扭转振动模型的建立及
求解[J]. 石油学报, 2000, 21(2):78-82.
Liu Qingyou, Ma Dekun, Zhong Qing. A drilling string
torsional vibration model and its solution [J]. Acta
Petrolei Sinica, 2000, 21(2): 78-82. (in Chinese)
[12] Raymond David W, Elsayed M A. Analysis of coupling
between axial and torsional vibration in a compliant
出处
《工程力学》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期203-210,共8页
Engineering Mechanics
关键词
钻井工程
钻柱
纵向振动
扭转振动
数学模型
共振
消振
drilling engineering
drillstring
longitudinal vibration
torsion vibration
mathematical model
resonance
anti-vibration
