摘要
注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种学龄期儿童常见的神经发育障碍,30%~50%可持续到成年期,且成人ADHD共病更多、更难以识别,对个体功能损害范围更广。因此,具有更大的医学、经济和社会影响。本共识基于国际疾病诊断分类第11版(ICD‑11)确定本病的诊断,依据病因和发病机制确定治疗方案,推荐中枢兴奋剂作为本病的一线药物治疗,选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂作为二线药物治疗以减轻核心症状,联合认知行为治疗、健康教育、生活方式训练等非药物干预以最大限度地改善患者的功能损害,提升生活质量。
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in school‑age children,with 30%‑50%persisting into adulthood.In addition,adult ADHD patients have more comorbidities,are more difficult to identify,and have a wider range of impairments on individual function,thereby leading to more serious adverse effects on medical care,economy and society.This consensus establishes the diagnose of adult ADHD based on the 11th edition of International Classification of Diseases(ICD‑11),determines the treatment plans based on the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease,recommends psycho‑stimulants as the first‑line pharmacotherapy for adult ADHD and selective noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors(NARIs)as the second‑line pharmacotherapy to reduce the core symptoms,and combines non‑pharmacological treatments,such as cognitive behavioral therapy,health education and lifestyle training,aiming to improve patients′functioning and quality of life to the utmost.
作者
中华医学会精神医学分会
中国医师协会精神科分会
陆林
王玉凤
黄颐
李涛
Chinese Society of Psychiatry;Chinese Psychiatrist Association;Lu Lin;Wang Yufeng(不详;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Beijing 100191;Peking University Sixth Hospital,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,Beijing 100191)
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第28期2133-2144,共12页
National Medical Journal of China
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍
成人
诊断
治疗
专家共识
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Adult
Diagnosis
Treatment
Expert consensus
