摘要
我国在数字政府发展进程中已经开展了算法行政实践。由于法律规范不健全,算法行政争议的司法审查存在回避算法合法性评价、实质审查要素不统一、举证责任分配不均衡的问题。人权司法方法是指在司法审查中将人权保障原则的实施作为裁判理由的法律适用方法。在域外司法实践中,算法行政争议存在依据国内法审查和人权司法方法与国内法相结合两种模式。人权司法方法在调和法的安定性与技术的发展性之间的冲突方面体现了显著优势。在我国法制体系下,人权司法方法具有合宪性、独立性与可行性。将人权司法方法适用于算法行政争议,其具有化解价值冲突、阐释法律原则、解释法律概念的现实功能。在算法行政争议的司法审查中,应当以人权保障原则的解释性适用为主要路径,明确人权司法方法的适用范围、算法影响评估的证据功能、算法权利影响的审查步骤。
In the process of digital government in China,algorithmic administration practices have been carried out.However,due to the lack of legal regulations,there are problems in judicial review of related disputes,such as the avoidance of the legality evaluation of algorithm,the inconsistency among the elements of substantive review,and the unjust distribution of the burden of proof.The human rights based judicial approach refers to the method of legal application that takes the implementation of the principle of human rights protection as the reason for adjudication in judicial review.In foreign judicial practice,there are two modes of reviewing algorithmic administrative disputes,including the review based on domestic law and the review combined with the judicial approach of human rights.The judicial approach of human rights has demonstrated significant advantages in reconciling the conflicts between the stability of law and the advancement of technology.Under China's legal system,the judicial approach of human rights has constitutionality,independence and feasibility,and it has the realistic function of resolving value conflicts,explaining legal principles and interpreting legal concepts when it is applied to the resolution of algorithm administrative disputes.In the judicial review of algorithmic administrative disputes,the main approach should be the interpretive application of the principle of human rights protection.The judicial departments should clarify the scope of application of judicial approach of human rights,the evidence function of algorithmic impact assessment,and the review steps for the impact of algorithm rights.
出处
《法制与社会发展》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期181-203,共23页
Law and Social Development
基金
国家社会科学基金重大专项“民族自治地方社会治理现代化的机理与路径研究”(22VMZ006)
国家人权教育与培训基地项目“大数据时代的生存方式与法治回应研究”(2022WKFZZX012)的阶段性成果
关键词
人权司法方法
算法行政
司法审查
算法影响评估
Judicial Approach of Human Rights
Algorithmic Administration
Judicial Review
Algorithmic Impact Assessment
