摘要
目的分析2015—2017年北京市朝阳区疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)流行病学特征,为日后预防接种安全性提供依据。方法分别通过中国AEFI信息管理系统和中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集北京市朝阳区2015—2017年发生的AEFI个案数据和北京市朝阳区43个街乡2015—2017年各年疫苗接种时间、剂次等相关数据信息,采用描述性流行病学方法对相关数据进行分析。结果2015—2017年北京市朝阳区共报告AEFI3415例,报告发生率68.40/10万;不良反应2926例,报告发生率58.61/10万;AEFI及不良反应报告发生率逐年增加;AEFI及不良反应男女比例分别为1.20、1.18,年龄集中在0~6岁,散居儿童分别占89.22%和89.99%;全年均可发生;90%街乡AEFI上报意识增加,双井街道三年总AEFI报告发生率(254.70/10万)最高;各年不良反应报告发生率前三位的疫苗以第二类疫苗为主,A群流脑疫苗、麻风疫苗不良反应发生率逐年增高;约92%不良反应在疫苗接种后48 h内发生;肌肉注射疫苗不良反应发生率为74.23/10万;81.68%不良反应症状为发热、局部红肿和局部硬结,所有不良反应病例预后良好。结论北京市朝阳区2015—2017三年不良反应发生率远低于WHO参考值,疫苗质量安全可靠,监测的敏感性有待进一步提高。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Chaoyang district of Beijing during 2015-2017 in order to provide evidence for safety of immunization.Methods Immunization information and AEFI data in Chaoyang district of Beijing from 2015 to2017 were collected through the National Immunization Program Information Management System and AEFI Information Management System,respectively;descriptive epidemiological methods were used in this study.Results A total of 3415 cases of AEFI and 2926 cases of vaccine reactions were reported in Chaoyang district of Beijing from 2015 to 2017,with reported incidence of 68.40/100000 and 58.61/100000,respectively.The incidence of AEFI and vaccine reaction increased year by year.The sex ratio of AEFI and vaccine reaction was 1.20 and 1.18;the age was concentrated in 0 to 6 years old,and scattered children accounted for 89.22%and 89.99%,respectively.AEFI and vaccine reaction happened every month.The awareness of reporting AEFI increased year by year with 90%of street township and Shuangjing street owned highest incidence rate with 254.70/100000.The top three vaccines for the incidence of vaccine reactions were all category 2 vaccines and the incidence of vaccine reactions to influenza A and leprosy vaccines improved year by year.About 92%of vaccine reactions occurred within 48 hours after vaccination.Intramuscular injection stood highest incidence rate,74.23/100000.81.68%of vaccine reaction cases were fever,local swelling and local induration,and all events had a good prognosis.Conclusion The incidence of vaccine reaction in Chaoyang district of Beijing from 2015 to 2017 was much lower than the WHO reference value and the vaccines were safe and reliable,and the sensitivity of monitoring needs to be further improved then.
作者
张彦利
白云骅
李淑萍
唐山贵
徐婧怡
马莹
张军楠
杨立清
芦强
ZHANG Yan-li;BAI Yun-hua;LI Shu-ping;TANG Shan-gui;XU Jing-yi;MA Ying;ZHANG Jun-nan;YANG Li-qing;LU Qiang(Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control,Beijing 100021,China;不详)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2020年第7期997-1003,1006,共8页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
关键词
疑似预防接种异常反应
不良反应
安全性监测
Adverse events following immunization
Vaccine reaction
Safety surveillance
