Suicide is defined as the act of a person attempting to take their own life by causing death.Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by a multitude of factors,including psychosocial,cultural,and religious a...Suicide is defined as the act of a person attempting to take their own life by causing death.Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by a multitude of factors,including psychosocial,cultural,and religious aspects,as well as genetic,biochemical,and environmental factors.From a biochemical perspective,it is crucial to consider the communication between the endocrine,immune,and nervous systems when studying the etiology of suicide.Several pathologies involve the bidirectional communication between the peripheral activity and the central nervous system by the action of molecules such as cytokines,hormones,and neurotransmitters.These humoral signals,when present in optimal quantities,are responsible for maintaining physiological homeostasis,including mood states.Stress elevates the cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines levels and alter neurotransmitters balance,thereby increasing the risk of developing a psychiatric disorder and subsequently the risk of suicidal behavior.This review provides an integrative perspective about the neurochemical,immunological,and endocrinological disturbances associated with suicidal behavior,with a particular focus on those alterations that may serve as potential risk markers and/or indicators of the state preceding such a tragic act.展开更多
In recent years,cancer immunotherapy has introduced novel treatments,such as monoclonal antibodies,which have facilitated targeted therapies against tumor cells.Programmed death-1(PD-1)is an immune checkpoint expresse...In recent years,cancer immunotherapy has introduced novel treatments,such as monoclonal antibodies,which have facilitated targeted therapies against tumor cells.Programmed death-1(PD-1)is an immune checkpoint expressed in T cells that regulates the immune system’s activity to prevent over-activation and tissue damage caused by inflammation.However,PD-1 is also expressed in tumor cells and functions as an immune evasion mechanism,making it a therapeutic target to enhance the immune response and eliminate tumor cells.Consequently,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have emerged as an option for certain tumor types.Nevertheless,blocking immune checkpoints can lead to immune-related adverse events(irAEs),such as psoriasis and cytokine release syndrome(CRS),as exemp-lified in the clinical case presented by Zhou et al involving a patient with adva-nced gastric cancer who received sintilimab,a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1.Subsequently,the patient experienced exacerbation of psoriasis and CRS.The objective of this editorial article is to elucidate potential immunologic mechanisms that may contribute to the development of CRS and psoriasis in patients receiving ICIs.It is crucial to acknowledge that while ICIs offer superior safety and efficacy compared to conventional therapies,they can also manifest irAEs affecting the skin,gastrointestinal tract,or respiratory system.In severe cases,these irAEs can lead to life-threatening complications such as circulatory shock or multiorgan failure.Consequently,it is recommended that patients receiving ICIs undergo regular monitoring to identify and manage these adverse events effectively.展开更多
The Philippines is one of the most hazard prone and vulnerable countries in the world to climate change effects due to its geographical location. Climate change is already happening and affecting many places causing h...The Philippines is one of the most hazard prone and vulnerable countries in the world to climate change effects due to its geographical location. Climate change is already happening and affecting many places causing huge problems to coastal ecosystems. Vulnerability and disaster assessment and mapping in coastal areas are essential tasks and undertakings for coastal disaster risk management. The objectives of this study were to assess the climate change vulnerability and disaster risks in the four municipalities (Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc and Palauig) of Zambales and to determine the climate change community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) strategies. Remote sensing, GIS, secondary data gathering and key informant interview were used to assess vulnerability and disaster risks and mapping in the four municipalities. Survey questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview were utilized in gathering data for the determination of climate change adaptation strategies. Using remote sensing technology, it was revealed that coastline changes have occurred in the shorelines of the four coastal municipalities after a decade. Sea level rise happened in Sta. Cruz and Masinloc, Zambales while there was build-up of soil in the coastline of Candelaria and Palauig, Zambales. Twelve hazard maps, 12 vulnerability maps and 12 disaster risk maps were generated for the three major disasters (flood, landslide, storm surge) in the four coastal municipalities. Based on the flood vulnerability and disaster risk assessment, the municipality of Palauig was found to be the most prone to flooding while the municipality of Candelaria was found to be the most vulnerable to landslide compared to other municipalities. All coastal barangays in the four municipalities were susceptible to storm surge. The four coastal municipalities were conducting community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) approaches in order to protect their coastal resources from the damaging impacts of climate change and improve the resilience of their local communities.展开更多
Climate change continues to intensify existing disaster risks and vulnerabilities in the Philippines. Thus, implementation of climate change adaptation strategies is vital to counter the effects of climate change. It ...Climate change continues to intensify existing disaster risks and vulnerabilities in the Philippines. Thus, implementation of climate change adaptation strategies is vital to counter the effects of climate change. It is in this context that this study was undertaken to analyze the need or urgency to adopt community and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies among selected coastal barangays (villages) of Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines. Various methods of data collection were utilized such as secondary data collection, primary data collection through household survey, key informant interviews, and focus group. Results of the study indicate that in terms of community-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays in Masinloc have moderate necessity. However, only Barangays Bani and Collat have high adaptation capacity in terms of infrastructure and disaster preparedness. The execution of several community-based adaptation strategies helps these barangays to respond immediately and appropriately to the moderate risk posed by floods and storm surges. On the other hand, in terms of ecosystem-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays have moderate necessity which implies that they have moderate vulnerability and risk to flood and storm surge but have high adaptation capacity in terms of the conservation and protection of coastal resources (mangroves and sea grasses). The barangays implemented the necessary ecosystem-based adaptation mechanisms that they might need in the future. This only means that when they are faced with disaster, the local communities are prepared to respond appropriately and to cope up with the effects of extreme weather events which lead to floods and storm surge. Even though most of the ecosystem-based adaptation strategies are conducted by the seven barangays, there are several community-based adaptation strategies that are still lacking which will protect them from the effect of floods and storm surges. Hence, carrying out the missing adaptation strategies, both community-based and ecosystem-based, will help in improving the adaptive capacity of the affected barangays and will help them become more resilient to the amplified effects of climate change.展开更多
1 Introduction Imagery of the Western United States typically evokes vast wheat fields,cowboys,and rolling mountain valleys.Few would associate the American West with Chinese medicine.This article describes a remote t...1 Introduction Imagery of the Western United States typically evokes vast wheat fields,cowboys,and rolling mountain valleys.Few would associate the American West with Chinese medicine.This article describes a remote town called John Day,which is located in a mountainous terrain in Oregon,and presents the remarkable story of the Kam Wah Chung Museum(Fig.1).展开更多
The Municipality of Carranglan is a rural community where agriculture is the main source of livelihood. The Kalanguya Ancestral Domain (KAD) is also located in the area, and it provides a home for the Kalanguya indige...The Municipality of Carranglan is a rural community where agriculture is the main source of livelihood. The Kalanguya Ancestral Domain (KAD) is also located in the area, and it provides a home for the Kalanguya indigenous cultural community. They have fled to the area for a variety of reasons. Despite its rural setting, Carranglan is regarded as a first-class municipality and the largest municipality in Nueva Ecija. This study described and documented the socio-economic profile, and existing issues and problems the Kalanguya Indigenous Peoples (IPs) experienced in their milieu, especially in terms of environmental protection. Recognizing and valuing their perspectives is vital for inclusive development. This study also situated the current status and conditions of the IPs, who generally live below the poverty line and face a range of plights and challenges. As part of safeguarding indigenous rights and interests, this study was undertaken after series of consultations with community elders and leaders. Key informant interviews, household surveys, semi-structured interviews, focused-group discussion (FGD), and direct observations were used to elicit information. Many of the respondents are elementary undergraduates which show that the community had lacked access to education. The following are the primary socioeconomic issues confronting IPs: insufficient access to potable water, suboptimal agricultural productivity, meager monthly income, and a dearth of supplementary and alternative livelihood opportunities. Forest fires, landslides, encroachment of illegal loggers, and concerns about wildlife resources are some of the current environmental issues they have encountered. The local population was supportive of plans and actions targeted at improving the environment. This reveals that the IPs possess unique indigenous forest expertise that enables them to properly manage natural resources.展开更多
Background and Aim: Despite the fact that acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency all around the world, its diagnosis is still based on clinical evaluation and accuracy of the diagnosis depending on e...Background and Aim: Despite the fact that acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency all around the world, its diagnosis is still based on clinical evaluation and accuracy of the diagnosis depending on experience. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Material and Method: The study includes 77 cases with histopathologically proven acute appendicitis and 17 control cases. Blood samples were obtained from all cases and C-reactive protein (CRP), Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured. Findings: In cases with acute appendicitis, CRP and G-CSF levels were found to be related to acute appendicitis;however, TAC was not affected by the disease process. Moreover, CRP and G-CSF levels were correlated with the disease severity. Conclusion: Both CRP and G-CSF can be used in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Furthermore, increased CRP level can be a marker to show advanced cases. However, G-CSF is not an effective marker to show disease severity.展开更多
The search for potential and inexhaustible sources of bioactive compounds with great functional activities is imperative for potential drug leads in treating various human diseases.In this regard,this study investigat...The search for potential and inexhaustible sources of bioactive compounds with great functional activities is imperative for potential drug leads in treating various human diseases.In this regard,this study investigated the optimum liquid medium and physical culture conditions for the mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd for nutraceutical studies.The greatest mycelial biomass was achieved in PSB liquid medium among the indigenous media evaluated,such as potato sucrose broth(PSB),corn meal broth(CMB),rice bran broth(RBB),and coconut water(CW).In terms of pH,X.papulis Lloyd was observed to grow in a wide range of pH(5.0−8.5),but the best mycelial growth was observed at pH 6.5.Room temperature of 28℃,lighted(137 lux),and static conditions were the other optimum physical culture conditions for mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd.展开更多
Desert-fringe vegetation growing over bright, sandy soils reduces the surface albedo from above 0.4 to well below 0.3. Called desert-scrub, these shrubs form a predominantly vertical clumps protruding from the soil-le...Desert-fringe vegetation growing over bright, sandy soils reduces the surface albedo from above 0.4 to well below 0.3. Called desert-scrub, these shrubs form a predominantly vertical clumps protruding from the soil-level, thereby significantly increasing the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer from the surface. The impact on global and desert-belt climate of changes in these two surface characteristics was simulated by a multi-layer energy balance tnodel. Evaluated only as a forcing to a further climatic change (that is, without accounting for any possible feedbacks) the results are: if vegetation (such as apparently existed under the warmer climate of 6,000 BP ) grows over large areas in the arid, currently bare-soil regions, the annual Northern Hemisphere surface temperature increases by 0.7t (by 0.6'C in July ), the surface temperature over land in the 20-30°N zone increases by 0.9℃ in both the annual and the July means, and the land-ocean annual temperature contrast in this zone increases by 0.25℃(0.2° in July). These results represent the combined influence of the reduction in the surface albedo and of the increase in the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer. In the desert-belt zones, the increase in the transfer coefficient sharply reduces the land temperature and the land-ocean temperature contrast from the values produced by the albedo change alone. This reduction must be attributed to the increased land-to-ocean circulation (which our model does not evaluate explicitly). Considering that a stronger circulation (resulting from land-ocean temperature contrast) generally forces a higher rainfall, the vegetation which emerged in the arid regions during the post-glacial optimum should be considered a significant positive feedback towards a still warmer, and also a more pluvial, climate. Our study may have implications for the 21st century, if the global warming expected from the enhanced greenhouse effects is accompanied by increased precipitation over the continents.展开更多
In this study, the rice straw was hydrolysed by using 3.0% （w/v） H2SO4 followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The rice straw hydrolysate obtained was treated with charcoal powder and the optimal condition of detoxificati...In this study, the rice straw was hydrolysed by using 3.0% （w/v） H2SO4 followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The rice straw hydrolysate obtained was treated with charcoal powder and the optimal condition of detoxification with charcoal powder was investigated. The results showed that the optimal condition for detoxification was the use of 2.5 grams of non-sterilized charcoal powder in 100 mL hydrolysate. The mixture was operated at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 5 min. The detoxified hydrolysate was then used for ethanol production using P. stipitis TISTR 5806. The condition of the detoxified hydrolysate fermentation which gave maximum ethanol concentration of 21 g/L was at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 72 h. Without detoxification, the P. stipitis TISTR 5806 could not however utilize the hydrolysate for ethanol production.展开更多
1 Introduction In 2015,an on-site field investigation was conducted by the authors’research group to authenticate a batch of ancient Chinese medicinal decoction pieces that have been preserved in a rare collection at...1 Introduction In 2015,an on-site field investigation was conducted by the authors’research group to authenticate a batch of ancient Chinese medicinal decoction pieces that have been preserved in a rare collection at the Natural History Museum in London.These treasured artifacts comprise a portion of the Sloane Collection,and the nearly 100 Chinese medicinal specimens examined within provide an objective record of the real situation regarding Chinese medicinal materials in commercial circulation 300 years ago.展开更多
This paper introduces a new prefabricated recyclable double-row piles retaining system for excavations in silty clay ground.Laboratory model test and numerical simulation are conducted to study the system behavior upo...This paper introduces a new prefabricated recyclable double-row piles retaining system for excavations in silty clay ground.Laboratory model test and numerical simulation are conducted to study the system behavior upon excavation.The horizontal displacement(δ_(h)),Von Mises stress(δ_(M)),strain(ε),ground surface settlement(δ_(v)),and earth pressure are systematically investigated.Furthermore,the monitoring data of 13 excavation cases supported by double-row piles retaining system are presented and discussed.The experimental results can basically match the numerical results,and the maximumδ_(M),maximum bending moment(M_(max)),maximum horizontal displacement(δ_(hm))of structural members are all less than the tolerance limits.The ground surface settlement model of double-row piles retaining system consists of three zones,i.e.,rebound influence zone,primary influence zone and secondary influence zone.The dhm values are 0.07%–1.42%of the excavation depth(He).The maximum ground surface settlement(δ_(vm))is generally less than dhm.The ratio ofδ_(vm)=δ_(hm)varies between 0.09 and 0.76,with an average value of 0.5.The observed earth pressure on the retained side of front pile(paf)is about 0.53–0.57γH below the excavation surface.Above the excavation surface,p_(af)decreases dramatically when getting closer to the ground surface.展开更多
Background:Identifying patient-specific flow of signal transduction perturbed by multiple single-nucleotide alterations is critical for improving patient outcomes in cancer cases.However,accurate estimation of mutatio...Background:Identifying patient-specific flow of signal transduction perturbed by multiple single-nucleotide alterations is critical for improving patient outcomes in cancer cases.However,accurate estimation of mutational effects at the pathway level for such patients remains an open problem.While probabilistic pathway topology methods are gaining interest among the scientific community,the overwhelming majority do not account for network perturbation effects from multiple single-nucleotide alterations.Methods:Here we present an improvement of the mutational forks formalism to infer the patient-specific flow of signal transduction based on multiple single-nucleotide alterations,including non-synonymous and synonymous mutations.The lung adenocarcinoma and skin cutaneous melanoma datasets from TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas have been employed to show the utility of the proposed method.Results:We have comprehensively characterized six mutational forks.The number of mutated nodes ranged from one to four depending on the topological characteristics of a fork.Transitional confidences(TCs)have been computed for every possible combination of single-nucleotide alterations in the fork.The performed analysis demonstrated the capacity of the mutational forks formalism to follow a biologically explainable logic in the identification of high-likelihood signaling routes in lung adenocarcinoma and skin cutaneous melanoma patients.The findings have been largely supported by the evidence from the biomedical literature.Conclusion:We conclude that the formalism has a great chance to enable an assessment of patient-specific flow by leveraging information from multiple single-nucleotide alterations to adjust the transitional likelihoods that are solely based on the canonical view of a disease.展开更多
基金Supported by CONAHCYT Project,No.CF-2023-I-2663Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Project,No.NC24208.0(to Pérez-Sánchez G,Pavón L,Sánchez-Huerta K,Maldonado-García JL,Chin-Chan JM,Ponce-Regalado MD,Arreola R,Contis-Montes de Oca A,and Moreno-Lafont MC).
文摘Suicide is defined as the act of a person attempting to take their own life by causing death.Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by a multitude of factors,including psychosocial,cultural,and religious aspects,as well as genetic,biochemical,and environmental factors.From a biochemical perspective,it is crucial to consider the communication between the endocrine,immune,and nervous systems when studying the etiology of suicide.Several pathologies involve the bidirectional communication between the peripheral activity and the central nervous system by the action of molecules such as cytokines,hormones,and neurotransmitters.These humoral signals,when present in optimal quantities,are responsible for maintaining physiological homeostasis,including mood states.Stress elevates the cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines levels and alter neurotransmitters balance,thereby increasing the risk of developing a psychiatric disorder and subsequently the risk of suicidal behavior.This review provides an integrative perspective about the neurochemical,immunological,and endocrinological disturbances associated with suicidal behavior,with a particular focus on those alterations that may serve as potential risk markers and/or indicators of the state preceding such a tragic act.
基金Supported by Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz,No.NC23189.0.
文摘In recent years,cancer immunotherapy has introduced novel treatments,such as monoclonal antibodies,which have facilitated targeted therapies against tumor cells.Programmed death-1(PD-1)is an immune checkpoint expressed in T cells that regulates the immune system’s activity to prevent over-activation and tissue damage caused by inflammation.However,PD-1 is also expressed in tumor cells and functions as an immune evasion mechanism,making it a therapeutic target to enhance the immune response and eliminate tumor cells.Consequently,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have emerged as an option for certain tumor types.Nevertheless,blocking immune checkpoints can lead to immune-related adverse events(irAEs),such as psoriasis and cytokine release syndrome(CRS),as exemp-lified in the clinical case presented by Zhou et al involving a patient with adva-nced gastric cancer who received sintilimab,a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1.Subsequently,the patient experienced exacerbation of psoriasis and CRS.The objective of this editorial article is to elucidate potential immunologic mechanisms that may contribute to the development of CRS and psoriasis in patients receiving ICIs.It is crucial to acknowledge that while ICIs offer superior safety and efficacy compared to conventional therapies,they can also manifest irAEs affecting the skin,gastrointestinal tract,or respiratory system.In severe cases,these irAEs can lead to life-threatening complications such as circulatory shock or multiorgan failure.Consequently,it is recommended that patients receiving ICIs undergo regular monitoring to identify and manage these adverse events effectively.
文摘The Philippines is one of the most hazard prone and vulnerable countries in the world to climate change effects due to its geographical location. Climate change is already happening and affecting many places causing huge problems to coastal ecosystems. Vulnerability and disaster assessment and mapping in coastal areas are essential tasks and undertakings for coastal disaster risk management. The objectives of this study were to assess the climate change vulnerability and disaster risks in the four municipalities (Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc and Palauig) of Zambales and to determine the climate change community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) strategies. Remote sensing, GIS, secondary data gathering and key informant interview were used to assess vulnerability and disaster risks and mapping in the four municipalities. Survey questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview were utilized in gathering data for the determination of climate change adaptation strategies. Using remote sensing technology, it was revealed that coastline changes have occurred in the shorelines of the four coastal municipalities after a decade. Sea level rise happened in Sta. Cruz and Masinloc, Zambales while there was build-up of soil in the coastline of Candelaria and Palauig, Zambales. Twelve hazard maps, 12 vulnerability maps and 12 disaster risk maps were generated for the three major disasters (flood, landslide, storm surge) in the four coastal municipalities. Based on the flood vulnerability and disaster risk assessment, the municipality of Palauig was found to be the most prone to flooding while the municipality of Candelaria was found to be the most vulnerable to landslide compared to other municipalities. All coastal barangays in the four municipalities were susceptible to storm surge. The four coastal municipalities were conducting community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) approaches in order to protect their coastal resources from the damaging impacts of climate change and improve the resilience of their local communities.
文摘Climate change continues to intensify existing disaster risks and vulnerabilities in the Philippines. Thus, implementation of climate change adaptation strategies is vital to counter the effects of climate change. It is in this context that this study was undertaken to analyze the need or urgency to adopt community and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies among selected coastal barangays (villages) of Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines. Various methods of data collection were utilized such as secondary data collection, primary data collection through household survey, key informant interviews, and focus group. Results of the study indicate that in terms of community-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays in Masinloc have moderate necessity. However, only Barangays Bani and Collat have high adaptation capacity in terms of infrastructure and disaster preparedness. The execution of several community-based adaptation strategies helps these barangays to respond immediately and appropriately to the moderate risk posed by floods and storm surges. On the other hand, in terms of ecosystem-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays have moderate necessity which implies that they have moderate vulnerability and risk to flood and storm surge but have high adaptation capacity in terms of the conservation and protection of coastal resources (mangroves and sea grasses). The barangays implemented the necessary ecosystem-based adaptation mechanisms that they might need in the future. This only means that when they are faced with disaster, the local communities are prepared to respond appropriately and to cope up with the effects of extreme weather events which lead to floods and storm surge. Even though most of the ecosystem-based adaptation strategies are conducted by the seven barangays, there are several community-based adaptation strategies that are still lacking which will protect them from the effect of floods and storm surges. Hence, carrying out the missing adaptation strategies, both community-based and ecosystem-based, will help in improving the adaptive capacity of the affected barangays and will help them become more resilient to the amplified effects of climate change.
文摘1 Introduction Imagery of the Western United States typically evokes vast wheat fields,cowboys,and rolling mountain valleys.Few would associate the American West with Chinese medicine.This article describes a remote town called John Day,which is located in a mountainous terrain in Oregon,and presents the remarkable story of the Kam Wah Chung Museum(Fig.1).
文摘The Municipality of Carranglan is a rural community where agriculture is the main source of livelihood. The Kalanguya Ancestral Domain (KAD) is also located in the area, and it provides a home for the Kalanguya indigenous cultural community. They have fled to the area for a variety of reasons. Despite its rural setting, Carranglan is regarded as a first-class municipality and the largest municipality in Nueva Ecija. This study described and documented the socio-economic profile, and existing issues and problems the Kalanguya Indigenous Peoples (IPs) experienced in their milieu, especially in terms of environmental protection. Recognizing and valuing their perspectives is vital for inclusive development. This study also situated the current status and conditions of the IPs, who generally live below the poverty line and face a range of plights and challenges. As part of safeguarding indigenous rights and interests, this study was undertaken after series of consultations with community elders and leaders. Key informant interviews, household surveys, semi-structured interviews, focused-group discussion (FGD), and direct observations were used to elicit information. Many of the respondents are elementary undergraduates which show that the community had lacked access to education. The following are the primary socioeconomic issues confronting IPs: insufficient access to potable water, suboptimal agricultural productivity, meager monthly income, and a dearth of supplementary and alternative livelihood opportunities. Forest fires, landslides, encroachment of illegal loggers, and concerns about wildlife resources are some of the current environmental issues they have encountered. The local population was supportive of plans and actions targeted at improving the environment. This reveals that the IPs possess unique indigenous forest expertise that enables them to properly manage natural resources.
文摘Background and Aim: Despite the fact that acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency all around the world, its diagnosis is still based on clinical evaluation and accuracy of the diagnosis depending on experience. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Material and Method: The study includes 77 cases with histopathologically proven acute appendicitis and 17 control cases. Blood samples were obtained from all cases and C-reactive protein (CRP), Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured. Findings: In cases with acute appendicitis, CRP and G-CSF levels were found to be related to acute appendicitis;however, TAC was not affected by the disease process. Moreover, CRP and G-CSF levels were correlated with the disease severity. Conclusion: Both CRP and G-CSF can be used in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Furthermore, increased CRP level can be a marker to show advanced cases. However, G-CSF is not an effective marker to show disease severity.
文摘The search for potential and inexhaustible sources of bioactive compounds with great functional activities is imperative for potential drug leads in treating various human diseases.In this regard,this study investigated the optimum liquid medium and physical culture conditions for the mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd for nutraceutical studies.The greatest mycelial biomass was achieved in PSB liquid medium among the indigenous media evaluated,such as potato sucrose broth(PSB),corn meal broth(CMB),rice bran broth(RBB),and coconut water(CW).In terms of pH,X.papulis Lloyd was observed to grow in a wide range of pH(5.0−8.5),but the best mycelial growth was observed at pH 6.5.Room temperature of 28℃,lighted(137 lux),and static conditions were the other optimum physical culture conditions for mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd.
文摘Desert-fringe vegetation growing over bright, sandy soils reduces the surface albedo from above 0.4 to well below 0.3. Called desert-scrub, these shrubs form a predominantly vertical clumps protruding from the soil-level, thereby significantly increasing the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer from the surface. The impact on global and desert-belt climate of changes in these two surface characteristics was simulated by a multi-layer energy balance tnodel. Evaluated only as a forcing to a further climatic change (that is, without accounting for any possible feedbacks) the results are: if vegetation (such as apparently existed under the warmer climate of 6,000 BP ) grows over large areas in the arid, currently bare-soil regions, the annual Northern Hemisphere surface temperature increases by 0.7t (by 0.6'C in July ), the surface temperature over land in the 20-30°N zone increases by 0.9℃ in both the annual and the July means, and the land-ocean annual temperature contrast in this zone increases by 0.25℃(0.2° in July). These results represent the combined influence of the reduction in the surface albedo and of the increase in the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer. In the desert-belt zones, the increase in the transfer coefficient sharply reduces the land temperature and the land-ocean temperature contrast from the values produced by the albedo change alone. This reduction must be attributed to the increased land-to-ocean circulation (which our model does not evaluate explicitly). Considering that a stronger circulation (resulting from land-ocean temperature contrast) generally forces a higher rainfall, the vegetation which emerged in the arid regions during the post-glacial optimum should be considered a significant positive feedback towards a still warmer, and also a more pluvial, climate. Our study may have implications for the 21st century, if the global warming expected from the enhanced greenhouse effects is accompanied by increased precipitation over the continents.
文摘In this study, the rice straw was hydrolysed by using 3.0% （w/v） H2SO4 followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The rice straw hydrolysate obtained was treated with charcoal powder and the optimal condition of detoxification with charcoal powder was investigated. The results showed that the optimal condition for detoxification was the use of 2.5 grams of non-sterilized charcoal powder in 100 mL hydrolysate. The mixture was operated at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 5 min. The detoxified hydrolysate was then used for ethanol production using P. stipitis TISTR 5806. The condition of the detoxified hydrolysate fermentation which gave maximum ethanol concentration of 21 g/L was at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 72 h. Without detoxification, the P. stipitis TISTR 5806 could not however utilize the hydrolysate for ethanol production.
文摘1 Introduction In 2015,an on-site field investigation was conducted by the authors’research group to authenticate a batch of ancient Chinese medicinal decoction pieces that have been preserved in a rare collection at the Natural History Museum in London.These treasured artifacts comprise a portion of the Sloane Collection,and the nearly 100 Chinese medicinal specimens examined within provide an objective record of the real situation regarding Chinese medicinal materials in commercial circulation 300 years ago.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC3100803)the National Natural Science Founda tion of China(Grant Nos.52208380 and 52078506)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic ResearchFoundation,China(Grant No.2023A1515012159)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.SKLGME021022)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou Municipal Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,China(Grant No.2022-KJ004).
文摘This paper introduces a new prefabricated recyclable double-row piles retaining system for excavations in silty clay ground.Laboratory model test and numerical simulation are conducted to study the system behavior upon excavation.The horizontal displacement(δ_(h)),Von Mises stress(δ_(M)),strain(ε),ground surface settlement(δ_(v)),and earth pressure are systematically investigated.Furthermore,the monitoring data of 13 excavation cases supported by double-row piles retaining system are presented and discussed.The experimental results can basically match the numerical results,and the maximumδ_(M),maximum bending moment(M_(max)),maximum horizontal displacement(δ_(hm))of structural members are all less than the tolerance limits.The ground surface settlement model of double-row piles retaining system consists of three zones,i.e.,rebound influence zone,primary influence zone and secondary influence zone.The dhm values are 0.07%–1.42%of the excavation depth(He).The maximum ground surface settlement(δ_(vm))is generally less than dhm.The ratio ofδ_(vm)=δ_(hm)varies between 0.09 and 0.76,with an average value of 0.5.The observed earth pressure on the retained side of front pile(paf)is about 0.53–0.57γH below the excavation surface.Above the excavation surface,p_(af)decreases dramatically when getting closer to the ground surface.
文摘Background:Identifying patient-specific flow of signal transduction perturbed by multiple single-nucleotide alterations is critical for improving patient outcomes in cancer cases.However,accurate estimation of mutational effects at the pathway level for such patients remains an open problem.While probabilistic pathway topology methods are gaining interest among the scientific community,the overwhelming majority do not account for network perturbation effects from multiple single-nucleotide alterations.Methods:Here we present an improvement of the mutational forks formalism to infer the patient-specific flow of signal transduction based on multiple single-nucleotide alterations,including non-synonymous and synonymous mutations.The lung adenocarcinoma and skin cutaneous melanoma datasets from TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas have been employed to show the utility of the proposed method.Results:We have comprehensively characterized six mutational forks.The number of mutated nodes ranged from one to four depending on the topological characteristics of a fork.Transitional confidences(TCs)have been computed for every possible combination of single-nucleotide alterations in the fork.The performed analysis demonstrated the capacity of the mutational forks formalism to follow a biologically explainable logic in the identification of high-likelihood signaling routes in lung adenocarcinoma and skin cutaneous melanoma patients.The findings have been largely supported by the evidence from the biomedical literature.Conclusion:We conclude that the formalism has a great chance to enable an assessment of patient-specific flow by leveraging information from multiple single-nucleotide alterations to adjust the transitional likelihoods that are solely based on the canonical view of a disease.
