In recent years,researchers have increasingly focused on aqueous rechargeable Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)as a cost-effective and safe alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage.Nevertheless,the limited revers...In recent years,researchers have increasingly focused on aqueous rechargeable Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)as a cost-effective and safe alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage.Nevertheless,the limited reversibility of the Zn anode and the low coulombic efficiency of the electroplating process limit the application of AZIBs.In this work,pyrrole is employed as a cost-effective electrolyte additive for stabilizing the Zn anode for the first time.By altering the coordination environment of Zn(H2O)62+,chemical and hydrogen evolution corrosion was reduced,and a molecular interface layer was in-situ constructed on the surface of the metal Zn anode,thus effectively inhibiting the corrosion of Zn anode and the growth of dendrites.In addition,the molecular interface layer based on pyrrole can effectively regulate the uniform deposition of Zn ions and limit the 2D diffusion of Zn ions.Therefore,the electrochemical performance of the metal Zn anode is greatly improved in the pyrrole-based electrolyte.At the current density of 1 mA·cm^(-2),the stable cycle can exceed 1200 h,and the average Coulomb efficiency is as high as 99%.Moreover,the full battery can have more than 400 stable cycles with a reversible capacity 247.9 mAh·g^(-1)at a current density 0.5 A·g^(-1)when assembled with V2O5 cathodes.This work provides a simple and feasible strategy for realizing the high performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.展开更多
The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a ...The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a novel dual-functional marigold-like Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S homojunction has been the production of lactic acid with high-yield and H_(2)with high-efficiency by selective glucose photoreforming.The optimized Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S exhibits outstanding H_(2)generation(13.64 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),glucose conversion(96.40%),and lactic acid yield(76.80%),over 272.80 and 19.21 times higher than that of bare ZnS(0.05 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))and CdS(0.71 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))in H_(2)generation,respectively.The marigold-like morphology provides abundant active sites and sufficient substrates accessibility for the photocatalyst,while the specific role of the homojunction formed by hexagonal wurtzite(WZ)and cubic zinc blende(ZB)in photoreforming biomass has been demonstrated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Glucose is converted to lactic acid on the WZ surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S via the photoactive species·O_(2)^(-),while the H_(2)is evolved from protons(H^(+))in H_(2)O on the ZB surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S.This work paves a promising road for the production of sustainable energy and products by integrating photocatalysis and biorefine.展开更多
It is challenging to cooperatively improve the nonlinear optical(NLO)efficiency and the laser-induced damage threshold(LIDT).This work reports a novel IR NLO materials CsInP_(2)S_(7)(CIPS)designed by combination the s...It is challenging to cooperatively improve the nonlinear optical(NLO)efficiency and the laser-induced damage threshold(LIDT).This work reports a novel IR NLO materials CsInP_(2)S_(7)(CIPS)designed by combination the strategies of alkali metals substitution and microscopic NLO units PS4 introduction based on AgGaS_(2).CIPS was composed of strongly distorted[InS_(6)]^(9-)octahedra and[P_(2)S_(7)]4-dimers constructed by corner-sharing[PS_(4)]^(3-),which increase the NLO efficiency and decrease thermal expansion anisotropy simultaneously.Compared with AgGaS_(2),CIPS exhibited strong phase matchable NLO response ca.1.1×AGS@2.1μm,high LIDT ca.20.8×AgGaS_(2),and IR transparency up to 15.3μm.Structural analysis and theoretical investigation confirmed that large SHG effect and ultrahigh LIDT of CIPS originated from the synergistic contribution of[InS_(6)]^(9-)octahedra and[P_(2)S_(7)]4-dimers.These results indicate that CIPS is a promising NLO candidate in the mid-IR region,and this study provides a new approach for developing potential NLO-LIDT compatible materials.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are regarded as one of the most promising rivals in the upcoming high-energy secondary battery market because of their safety and non-toxicity.However,the zinc dendrites growth and hyd...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are regarded as one of the most promising rivals in the upcoming high-energy secondary battery market because of their safety and non-toxicity.However,the zinc dendrites growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion of the Zn anode have seriously restricted the application of AZIBs.Herein,to overcome these constraints,a three-dimensional(3D)porous PFA-COOH-CNT artificial solid electrolyte interface(SEl)film with high hydrophobic and zincophilic properties was constructed on Zn anode surface by in-situ polymerization of furfuryl alcohol(FA)and carboxyl carbon nanotubes(COOH-CNT).A series of in-situ,ex-situ characterizations as well as the density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the formed PFA-COOH-CNT SEI film with an abundant oxygen-containing group can provide abundant zincophilic sites and induce homogeneous deposition of Zn^(2+),as well as the hydrophobic alkyl and carbon skeleton in PFA-COOH-CNT SEI film can isolate the direct contact of H_(2)O with Zn anode,and inhibit the occurrence of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Accordingly,the Zn anode with PFA-COOH-CNT layer can attain an ultra-long cycle life of 2200 h at 1 mA·cm^(-2),1 mAh·cm^(-2).Simultaneously,the assembled PFA-COOH-CNT@ZnllV2Os full cell can also achieve a high reversible capacity of up to 150.2 mAh•g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1) after 400 cycles,with a high average coulombic efficiency(CE)of 98.8%.The designed PFA-COOH-CNT artificial SEI film provides a broad prospect for highly stable zinc anode,and can also be extended to other energy storage systems based on metal anodes.展开更多
AIM: To observe and compare the effects of phytoestrogen genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol on the tonic contraction and the phasic contraction of isolated gallbladder muscle strips and to study the underlying ...AIM: To observe and compare the effects of phytoestrogen genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol on the tonic contraction and the phasic contraction of isolated gallbladder muscle strips and to study the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Isolated strips of gallbladder muscle from guinea pigs were suspended in organ baths containing Kreb’s solution, and the contractilities of strips were measured before and after incubation with genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol respectively. RESULTS: Similar to 17β-estradiol, genistein and resveratrol could dose-dependently inhibit the phasic contractile activities, they decreased the mean contractile amplitude and the contractile frequencies of gallbladder muscle strips, and also produced a marked reduction in resting tone. The blocker of estrogen receptor ICI 182780 failed to alter the inhibitory effects induced by genistein and resveratrol, but potassium bisperoxo (1, 10 phenanthroline) oxovanadate bpV (phen), a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, markedly attenuated the inhibitory effects induced by genistein and resveratrol. In calcium-free Kreb’ssolution containing 0.01 mmol/L egtazic acid (EGTA), genistein and resveratrol inhibited the first phasic contraction induced by acetylcholine (ACh), but did not affect the second contraction induced by CaCl_2. In addition, genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol also could reduce the contractile responses of ACh and KCl, and shift their cumulative concentration-response curves rightward. CONCLUSION: Phytoestrogen genistein and resveratrol can directly inhibit the contractile activity of isolated gallbladder muscle both at rest and in response to stimulation. The mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects probably due mainly to inhibition of tyrosine kinase, Ca^(2+) influx through potential-dependent calcium channels (PDCs) and Ca^(2+) release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), but were not related to the estrogen receptors.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and their association with possible transmission routes in the general population of Lahore, as the data exclusively related to this city is limi...AIM: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and their association with possible transmission routes in the general population of Lahore, as the data exclusively related to this city is limited. METHODS: Complete data regarding patient's history, possible route of infection and biochemical tests was collected from the public hospital for 1364 patients. SPSS version 16 windows software was used for data analysis by univariate and multivariate techniques. RESULTS: Age range ≤ 40 years showed high prevalence of HCV infection. HCV genotype 3a was dominant (55.9%), followed by 1a (23.6%), 4a (12.5%), 3b (3.2%), untypable (2.5%), 4b (1.2%) and mixed type (1.2%). Blood transfusion, dental surgery and barber shops were the main risk factors for HCV transmission. Genotype prevalence was independent of age (P = 0.971) and gender (P = 0.122) while risk factors showed a significant association with age (P = 0.000) and genotypes (P = 0.000). We observed an independent association of risk factors and genotype 3a, while patients with genotype 1 and 4 were mostly infected due to dental surgery blood transfusion and barber shops. Risk factors of intravenous drug use and sexual exposure were exclusively found in ≤ 40 years age group. CONCLUSION: An increase in genotypes 1a and 4a suggest migration of people, possibly from Balochistan and the northern war-zone area. Government should focus on public education regarding infection routes.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the prevalence of chronic dyspnea and its relationship to respiratory muscle function in end-stage liver disease.METHODS:Sixty-eight consecutive,ambulatory,Caucasian patients with end-stage liver di...AIM:To investigate the prevalence of chronic dyspnea and its relationship to respiratory muscle function in end-stage liver disease.METHODS:Sixty-eight consecutive,ambulatory,Caucasian patients with end-stage liver disease,candidates for liver transplantation,were referred for preoperative respiratory function assessment.Forty of these(29 men) were included in this preliminary study after applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.Seventeen of 40 patients(42%) had ascites,but none of them was cachectic.Fifteen of 40 patients(38%)had a history of hepatic encephalopathy,though none of them was symptomatic at study time.All patients with a known history and/or presence of co-morbidities were excluded.Chronic dyspnea was rated according to the modified medical research council(mMRC) 6-point scale.Liver disease severity was assessed according to the Model for end-stage liver disease(MELD).Routine lung function tests,maximum static expiratory(Pemax) and inspiratory(Pimax) mouth pressures were measured.Respiratory muscle strength(RMS) was calculated from Pimax and Pemax values.In addition,arterial blood gases and pattern of breathing(VE:minute ventilation;VT:tidal volume;VT/TI:mean inspiratory flow;TI:duration of inspiration) were measured.RESULTS:Thirty-five(88%) of 40 patients aged(mean ± SD) 52 ± 10 years reported various degrees of chronic dyspnea(mMRC),ranging from 0 to 4,with a mean value of 2.0 ± 1.2.MELD score was 14 ± 6.Pemax,percent of predicted(%pred) was 105 ± 35,Pimax,%pred was 90 ± 29,and RMS,%pred was 97 ± 30.These pressures were below the normal limits in 12(30%),15(38%),and 14(35%) patients,respectively.Furthermore,comparing the subgroups of ascites to non-ascites patients,all respiratory muscle indices measured were found significantly decreased in ascites patients.Patients with ascites also had a significantly worse MELD score compared to non-ascites ones(P = 0.006).Significant correlations were found between chronic dyspnea and respiratory muscle function indices in all patients.Specifically,mMRC score was significantly correlated with Pemax,Pimax,and RMS(r =-0.53,P < 0.001;r =-0.42,P < 0.01;r =-0.51,P < 0.001,respectively).These correlations were substantially closer in the non-ascites subgroup(r =-0.82,P < 0.0001;r =-0.61,P < 0.01;r =-0.79,P < 0.0001,respectively) compared to all patients.Similar results were found for the relationship between mMRC vs MELD score,and MELD score vs respiratory muscle strength indices.In all patients the sole predictor of mMRC score was RMS(r =-0.51,P < 0.001).In the subgroup of patients without ascites this relationship becomes closer(r =-0.79,P < 0.001),whilst this relationship breaks down in the subgroup of patients with ascites.The disappearance of such a correlation may be due to the fact that ascites acts as a "confounding" factor.PaCO2(4.4 ± 0.5 kPa) was increased,whereas pH(7.49 ± 0.04) was decreased in 26(65%) and 34(85%) patients,respectively.PaO2(12.3 ± 0.04 kPa) was within normal limits.VE(11.5 ± 3.5 L/min),VT(0.735 ± 0.287 L),and VT/TI(0.449±0.129 L/s) were increased signifying hyperventilation in both subgroups of patients.VT/TI was significantly higher in patients with ascites than without ascites.Significant correlations,albeit weak,were found for PaCO2 with VE and VT/TI(r =-0.44,P < 0.01;r =-0.41,P < 0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of chronic dyspnea is 88% in end-stage liver disease.The mMRC score closely correlates with respiratory muscle strength.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the long-term local control, overall survival, and late toxicities of positron emission tomography/computed tomography （PET/CT）-guided dose escalation radio- therapy ve...Objective The aim of this study was to compare the long-term local control, overall survival, and late toxicities of positron emission tomography/computed tomography （PET/CT）-guided dose escalation radio- therapy versus conventional radiotherapy in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment of locally ad- vanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. Methods Atotal of 48 patients with stage IIl-IVa NPC were recruited and randomly administered PET/CT- guided dose escalation chemoradiotherapy （group A） or conventional chemoradiotherapy （group B）. The dose-escalation radiotherapy was performed using the simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy technique at prescribed doses of 77 gray （Gy） in 32 fractions （f） to the gross target volume （GTV）： planning target volume （PTV） 1 received 64 Gy/32 f, while PTV2 received 54.4 Gy/32 f. Patients in group B received uniform-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy, PTV1 received 70 Gy/35 f and PTV2 received 58 Gy/29 f. Concurrent chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin [20 mg/m2 intravenous （IV） on days 1-4] and docetaxel （75 mg/m2 IV on days 1 and 8） administered during treatment weeks 1 and 4. All patients received 2-4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy of the same dose and drug regimen. Results The use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose （18F-FDG） PET/CT significantly reduced the treat- ment volume delineation of the GTV in 83.3% （20/24） of patients. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates of the two groups were 100% and 79.2%, respectively （P = 0.019）. The 5-year disease free survival （DFS） rates were 95.8% and 75.0%, respectively （P = 0.018）. The 5-year local progression-free survival and DFS rates were significantly different. The 5-year overall survival （OS） rates were 95.8% and 79.2%, re- spectively. Differences in OS improvement were insignificant （P = 0.079）. Late toxicities were similar in the two groups. The most common late toxicities of the two arms were grade 1-2 skin dystrophy, xerostomia, subcutaneous fibrosis, and hearing loss. There were no cases of grade 4 late toxicity. Conclusion The use of 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided dose escalation radiotherapy is well tolerated and can reduce local recurrence rates for patients with locally advanced NPC compared to conventional chemora- diotherapy.展开更多
The 〈 110 〉 -oriented TTb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 polycrystalline alloy was magnetically annealed, and its influence on jump effect of magnetostriction was investigated. In the vacuum superconductive high magnetic field equip...The 〈 110 〉 -oriented TTb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 polycrystalline alloy was magnetically annealed, and its influence on jump effect of magnetostriction was investigated. In the vacuum superconductive high magnetic field equipment, 〈 110 〉 -oriented Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 polycrystalline alloy of the directional solidification was annealed at 623 and 723 K for 5 min under the magnetic field vertical to specimen axis. It is found that magnetic annealing can enhance the jump effect under compressive stress, and increase the saturated magnetostriction coefficient λs, the λs of the magnetic annealing specimens at 623 K under 8.1 MPa is attained to 1950 × 10^-6, Magnetic annealing increases the maximum of dynamic magnetostriction coefficient, d33^max, as well as the magnetic field for d33^max under 8.1 MPa.展开更多
Deep-ultraviolet (DUV, wavelength λ < 200 nm) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal is the core component of frequency conversion to generate DUV laser, which plays an important role in cutting-edge laser technology and...Deep-ultraviolet (DUV, wavelength λ < 200 nm) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal is the core component of frequency conversion to generate DUV laser, which plays an important role in cutting-edge laser technology and fundamental science. Significant progress has been made in both experimental exploration and theoretical design in the field of DUV NLO crystals over the past three decades. In-depth insight into “structure-property correlations”, in particular, allows for rigorous and precise identification of DUV NLO crystals. In this article, we reviewed the current experimental and theoretical research progress while elucidating the core concepts and stringent criteria of qualified DUV phase-matched second-harmonic generation crystals. We also discussed the development of the DUV NLO “structure-property correlations” from first principles and how it has sparked interest in related materials, as well as future directions for obtaining potential DUV NLO crystals.展开更多
Although Pt and other noble metals are the state-of-the-art catalysts for various energy conversion applications,their low reserve,high cost,and instability limit their large-scale utilization.Herein,we report a hybri...Although Pt and other noble metals are the state-of-the-art catalysts for various energy conversion applications,their low reserve,high cost,and instability limit their large-scale utilization.Herein,we report a hybrid catalysts design featuring noble metal clusters(e.g.,Pt)uniformly dispersed and stabilized on high-entropy alloy nanoparticles(HEA,e.g.,FeCoNiCu),denoted as HEA@Pt,which is prepared via ultra-fast shock synthesis(∼300 ms)for HEA alloying combined with Pt galvanic replacement for surface anchoring.In our design,the HEA core critically ensures high dispersity,stability,and tunability of the surface Pt clusters through high entropy stabilization and core-shell interactions.As an example in the hydrogen evolution reaction,HEA@Pt achieved a significant mass activity of 235 A/gPt,which is 9.4,3.6,and 1.9-times higher compared to that of homogeneous FeCoNiCuPt(HEA-Pt),Pt,and commercial Pt/C,respectively.We also demonstrated noble Ir stabilized on FeCoNiCrMn nanoparticles(HEA-5@Ir),achieving excellent anodic oxygen evolution performance and highly efficient overall water splitting when combined with the cathodic HEA@Pt.Therefore,our work developed a general catalysts design strategies by using high entropy nanoparticles for effective dispersion,stabilization,and modulation of surface active sites,achieving a harmonious combination of high activity,stability,and low cost.展开更多
Beads free polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/NiO nanofibers with an average diameter of 400 nm were successfully prepared through the electrospinning method.NiO nanograins were formed along the axis of the nanofiber due to the c...Beads free polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/NiO nanofibers with an average diameter of 400 nm were successfully prepared through the electrospinning method.NiO nanograins were formed along the axis of the nanofiber due to the calcination of asspun fibers for 24 h at 450℃ and their presence was confirmed by FESEM.NiO nanograins were characterized by XRD,XPS and FTIR.The characterization results showed the presence of NiO in nanograins and its polycrystalline nature with ionic states.The sensing studies of NiO nanograins were performed towards the pulmonary disease breath markers and they showed better response towards formaldehyde vapour at 350℃.Calcined NiO grains showed a good response towards the 11-1145 ppm of formaldehyde vapour at the operating temperature of 350℃.NiO nanograins also showed quick response time(37 s)and recovery time(14 s)towards 46 ppm of formaldehyde.A sensing mechanism was proposed for the formaldehyde vapour interaction at 350℃ with NiO nanograins.展开更多
The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistiv...The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistivity measurement.The field-dependent activation energy,U_0,is derived in the framework of thermally activated flux flow(TAFF)theory,yielding a power law dependence U_0～H~αwith a crossover at a magnetic field around 2 T in both H⊥ab and H//ab,which is ascribed to the different pinning mechanisms.Moreover,we have clearly observed the vortex phase transition from vortex-glass to vortex-liquid according to the vortex-glass model,and vortex phase diagrams are constructed for both H⊥ab and H//ab.Finally,the results of mixed-state Hall effect show that no sign reversal of transverse resistivityρ_(xy)(H)is detected,indicating that the Hall component arising from the vortex flow is in theories or experiments previously reported on some high-T_ccuprates.展开更多
Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are the key fundamental materials in modern optoelectronic information technology,which play an irre-placeable role in modern quantum optics and photonics in addition to traditional lase...Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are the key fundamental materials in modern optoelectronic information technology,which play an irre-placeable role in modern quantum optics and photonics in addition to traditional laser frequency conversion applications[1,2].Especially at a time when the international competition of quantum information tech-nology is becoming increasingly intense,high-performing NLO crystals as the strategic materials for optical quantum technology have received continuous attention from physical chemists and materials scientists.展开更多
Bite force is often associated with specific morphological features,such as sagittal crests.The presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively corre...Bite force is often associated with specific morphological features,such as sagittal crests.The presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively correlated with hard-object feeding,in contrast with similar cranial structures in carnivorans.The aim of this study was to investi-gate bite forces and sagittal crest heights across a wide range of modern and extinct tapirs and apply a comparative investigation to establish whether these features are correlated across a broad phylogenetic scope.We examined a sample of 71 specimens representing 15 tapir species(5 extant,10 extinct)using the dry-skull method,linear measurements of cranial features,phylogenetic reconstruction,and comparative analyses.Tapirs were found to ex-hibit variation in bite force and sagittal crest height across their phylogeny and between different biogeographical realms,with high-crested morphologies occurring mostly in Neotropical species.The highest bite forces within tapirs appear to be driven by estimates for the masseter–pterygoid muscle complex,rather than predicted forces for the temporalis muscle.Our results demonstrate that relative sagittal crest height is poorly correlated with relative cranial bite force,suggesting high force application is not a driver for pronounced sagittal crests in this sample.The divergent biomechanical capabilities of different contemporaneous tapirids may have allowed multiple species to occupy overlapping territories and partition resources to avoid excess competition.Bite forces in tapirs peak in Pleistocene species,independent of body size,suggesting possible dietary shifts as a potential result of climatic changes during this epoch.展开更多
Interlayer sliding modulation in van der Waals(vdW)layered materials opens opportunities to seek tunable applications for photonics and optoelectronics at the nanoscale.In this work,focusing on ternary chalcogenides,d...Interlayer sliding modulation in van der Waals(vdW)layered materials opens opportunities to seek tunable applications for photonics and optoelectronics at the nanoscale.In this work,focusing on ternary chalcogenides,dozens of typical vdW layered materials with the formula of A_(2)MZ_(4)(A,M=metal cation;Z=S/Se)were systematically classified and studied to illustrate the interlayer sliding modulation performance on nonlinear optical(NLO)effect and underlying mechanism.Based on first-principles analysis,the screened Cd_(2)GeSe_(4) exhibits large second harmonic generation(SHG)deviation(>36 times between high-and low-SHG states)under sliding among all studied materials.This phenomenon arises from the polarization modulation induced by the vdW interlayer charge redistribution of two tetrahedral primitives in the ternary edge-sharing tetrahedral structures.Our findings present a strategy to substantially modulate NLO properties by altering the interlayer charge coupling which is commonly thought to be very weak in vdW layered materials.展开更多
Objective To investigate the peripheral small airway dysfunction differences between idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods Impulse oscillm...Objective To investigate the peripheral small airway dysfunction differences between idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods Impulse oscillmetory system testing (IOS) and pulmonary function testing (PFT) were performed in IPAH and CTEPH patients and 30 healthy control group.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902036)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0828)+2 种基金the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(No.CX2021046)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJZD-K202300802)the Research Project of Innovative Talent Training Engineering Program of Chongqing Primary and Secondary School(No.CY230801).
文摘In recent years,researchers have increasingly focused on aqueous rechargeable Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)as a cost-effective and safe alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage.Nevertheless,the limited reversibility of the Zn anode and the low coulombic efficiency of the electroplating process limit the application of AZIBs.In this work,pyrrole is employed as a cost-effective electrolyte additive for stabilizing the Zn anode for the first time.By altering the coordination environment of Zn(H2O)62+,chemical and hydrogen evolution corrosion was reduced,and a molecular interface layer was in-situ constructed on the surface of the metal Zn anode,thus effectively inhibiting the corrosion of Zn anode and the growth of dendrites.In addition,the molecular interface layer based on pyrrole can effectively regulate the uniform deposition of Zn ions and limit the 2D diffusion of Zn ions.Therefore,the electrochemical performance of the metal Zn anode is greatly improved in the pyrrole-based electrolyte.At the current density of 1 mA·cm^(-2),the stable cycle can exceed 1200 h,and the average Coulomb efficiency is as high as 99%.Moreover,the full battery can have more than 400 stable cycles with a reversible capacity 247.9 mAh·g^(-1)at a current density 0.5 A·g^(-1)when assembled with V2O5 cathodes.This work provides a simple and feasible strategy for realizing the high performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071713)the Outstanding Youth Foundation Project of Heilongjiang Province of China(JQ2019C001)。
文摘The global commitment to pivoting to sustainable energy and products calls for technology development to utilize solar energy for hydrogen(H_(2))and value-added chemicals production by biomass photoreforming.Herein,a novel dual-functional marigold-like Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S homojunction has been the production of lactic acid with high-yield and H_(2)with high-efficiency by selective glucose photoreforming.The optimized Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S exhibits outstanding H_(2)generation(13.64 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),glucose conversion(96.40%),and lactic acid yield(76.80%),over 272.80 and 19.21 times higher than that of bare ZnS(0.05 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))and CdS(0.71 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1))in H_(2)generation,respectively.The marigold-like morphology provides abundant active sites and sufficient substrates accessibility for the photocatalyst,while the specific role of the homojunction formed by hexagonal wurtzite(WZ)and cubic zinc blende(ZB)in photoreforming biomass has been demonstrated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Glucose is converted to lactic acid on the WZ surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S via the photoactive species·O_(2)^(-),while the H_(2)is evolved from protons(H^(+))in H_(2)O on the ZB surface of Zn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S.This work paves a promising road for the production of sustainable energy and products by integrating photocatalysis and biorefine.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22105218).
文摘It is challenging to cooperatively improve the nonlinear optical(NLO)efficiency and the laser-induced damage threshold(LIDT).This work reports a novel IR NLO materials CsInP_(2)S_(7)(CIPS)designed by combination the strategies of alkali metals substitution and microscopic NLO units PS4 introduction based on AgGaS_(2).CIPS was composed of strongly distorted[InS_(6)]^(9-)octahedra and[P_(2)S_(7)]4-dimers constructed by corner-sharing[PS_(4)]^(3-),which increase the NLO efficiency and decrease thermal expansion anisotropy simultaneously.Compared with AgGaS_(2),CIPS exhibited strong phase matchable NLO response ca.1.1×AGS@2.1μm,high LIDT ca.20.8×AgGaS_(2),and IR transparency up to 15.3μm.Structural analysis and theoretical investigation confirmed that large SHG effect and ultrahigh LIDT of CIPS originated from the synergistic contribution of[InS_(6)]^(9-)octahedra and[P_(2)S_(7)]4-dimers.These results indicate that CIPS is a promising NLO candidate in the mid-IR region,and this study provides a new approach for developing potential NLO-LIDT compatible materials.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51902036,22222902,2263203,and 52111530236)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1203902)+3 种基金the Key Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission(No.KJZD-K202200807)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0828)Chongqing Bayu Scholars Support Program(No.YS2022050)Research Project of Innovative Talent Training Engineering Program of Chongqing Primary and Secondary School(No.CY240806).
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are regarded as one of the most promising rivals in the upcoming high-energy secondary battery market because of their safety and non-toxicity.However,the zinc dendrites growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion of the Zn anode have seriously restricted the application of AZIBs.Herein,to overcome these constraints,a three-dimensional(3D)porous PFA-COOH-CNT artificial solid electrolyte interface(SEl)film with high hydrophobic and zincophilic properties was constructed on Zn anode surface by in-situ polymerization of furfuryl alcohol(FA)and carboxyl carbon nanotubes(COOH-CNT).A series of in-situ,ex-situ characterizations as well as the density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the formed PFA-COOH-CNT SEI film with an abundant oxygen-containing group can provide abundant zincophilic sites and induce homogeneous deposition of Zn^(2+),as well as the hydrophobic alkyl and carbon skeleton in PFA-COOH-CNT SEI film can isolate the direct contact of H_(2)O with Zn anode,and inhibit the occurrence of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Accordingly,the Zn anode with PFA-COOH-CNT layer can attain an ultra-long cycle life of 2200 h at 1 mA·cm^(-2),1 mAh·cm^(-2).Simultaneously,the assembled PFA-COOH-CNT@ZnllV2Os full cell can also achieve a high reversible capacity of up to 150.2 mAh•g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1) after 400 cycles,with a high average coulombic efficiency(CE)of 98.8%.The designed PFA-COOH-CNT artificial SEI film provides a broad prospect for highly stable zinc anode,and can also be extended to other energy storage systems based on metal anodes.
基金The Medical Subject Fund of Lanzhou University, No. LZUYX200611the Post-doctoral Science Foundation of China, No. 2003034442
文摘AIM: To observe and compare the effects of phytoestrogen genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol on the tonic contraction and the phasic contraction of isolated gallbladder muscle strips and to study the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Isolated strips of gallbladder muscle from guinea pigs were suspended in organ baths containing Kreb’s solution, and the contractilities of strips were measured before and after incubation with genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol respectively. RESULTS: Similar to 17β-estradiol, genistein and resveratrol could dose-dependently inhibit the phasic contractile activities, they decreased the mean contractile amplitude and the contractile frequencies of gallbladder muscle strips, and also produced a marked reduction in resting tone. The blocker of estrogen receptor ICI 182780 failed to alter the inhibitory effects induced by genistein and resveratrol, but potassium bisperoxo (1, 10 phenanthroline) oxovanadate bpV (phen), a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, markedly attenuated the inhibitory effects induced by genistein and resveratrol. In calcium-free Kreb’ssolution containing 0.01 mmol/L egtazic acid (EGTA), genistein and resveratrol inhibited the first phasic contraction induced by acetylcholine (ACh), but did not affect the second contraction induced by CaCl_2. In addition, genistein, resveratrol and 17β-estradiol also could reduce the contractile responses of ACh and KCl, and shift their cumulative concentration-response curves rightward. CONCLUSION: Phytoestrogen genistein and resveratrol can directly inhibit the contractile activity of isolated gallbladder muscle both at rest and in response to stimulation. The mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects probably due mainly to inhibition of tyrosine kinase, Ca^(2+) influx through potential-dependent calcium channels (PDCs) and Ca^(2+) release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), but were not related to the estrogen receptors.
基金Supported by Prime Minister Program for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis in Pakistan (2005-2010)Grant # 863 by Higher Education Commission
文摘AIM: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and their association with possible transmission routes in the general population of Lahore, as the data exclusively related to this city is limited. METHODS: Complete data regarding patient's history, possible route of infection and biochemical tests was collected from the public hospital for 1364 patients. SPSS version 16 windows software was used for data analysis by univariate and multivariate techniques. RESULTS: Age range ≤ 40 years showed high prevalence of HCV infection. HCV genotype 3a was dominant (55.9%), followed by 1a (23.6%), 4a (12.5%), 3b (3.2%), untypable (2.5%), 4b (1.2%) and mixed type (1.2%). Blood transfusion, dental surgery and barber shops were the main risk factors for HCV transmission. Genotype prevalence was independent of age (P = 0.971) and gender (P = 0.122) while risk factors showed a significant association with age (P = 0.000) and genotypes (P = 0.000). We observed an independent association of risk factors and genotype 3a, while patients with genotype 1 and 4 were mostly infected due to dental surgery blood transfusion and barber shops. Risk factors of intravenous drug use and sexual exposure were exclusively found in ≤ 40 years age group. CONCLUSION: An increase in genotypes 1a and 4a suggest migration of people, possibly from Balochistan and the northern war-zone area. Government should focus on public education regarding infection routes.
基金Supported by Grants from the Administration of Lanzhou Scientific Technology,No.2010-1-88Gansu Natural Science Fund in China,No.1010RJZA111Natural Science Foundation of China,No.21272103 and No.81360540
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol and genistein on contractile responses of rat gastrointestinal smooth muscle.
文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence of chronic dyspnea and its relationship to respiratory muscle function in end-stage liver disease.METHODS:Sixty-eight consecutive,ambulatory,Caucasian patients with end-stage liver disease,candidates for liver transplantation,were referred for preoperative respiratory function assessment.Forty of these(29 men) were included in this preliminary study after applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.Seventeen of 40 patients(42%) had ascites,but none of them was cachectic.Fifteen of 40 patients(38%)had a history of hepatic encephalopathy,though none of them was symptomatic at study time.All patients with a known history and/or presence of co-morbidities were excluded.Chronic dyspnea was rated according to the modified medical research council(mMRC) 6-point scale.Liver disease severity was assessed according to the Model for end-stage liver disease(MELD).Routine lung function tests,maximum static expiratory(Pemax) and inspiratory(Pimax) mouth pressures were measured.Respiratory muscle strength(RMS) was calculated from Pimax and Pemax values.In addition,arterial blood gases and pattern of breathing(VE:minute ventilation;VT:tidal volume;VT/TI:mean inspiratory flow;TI:duration of inspiration) were measured.RESULTS:Thirty-five(88%) of 40 patients aged(mean ± SD) 52 ± 10 years reported various degrees of chronic dyspnea(mMRC),ranging from 0 to 4,with a mean value of 2.0 ± 1.2.MELD score was 14 ± 6.Pemax,percent of predicted(%pred) was 105 ± 35,Pimax,%pred was 90 ± 29,and RMS,%pred was 97 ± 30.These pressures were below the normal limits in 12(30%),15(38%),and 14(35%) patients,respectively.Furthermore,comparing the subgroups of ascites to non-ascites patients,all respiratory muscle indices measured were found significantly decreased in ascites patients.Patients with ascites also had a significantly worse MELD score compared to non-ascites ones(P = 0.006).Significant correlations were found between chronic dyspnea and respiratory muscle function indices in all patients.Specifically,mMRC score was significantly correlated with Pemax,Pimax,and RMS(r =-0.53,P < 0.001;r =-0.42,P < 0.01;r =-0.51,P < 0.001,respectively).These correlations were substantially closer in the non-ascites subgroup(r =-0.82,P < 0.0001;r =-0.61,P < 0.01;r =-0.79,P < 0.0001,respectively) compared to all patients.Similar results were found for the relationship between mMRC vs MELD score,and MELD score vs respiratory muscle strength indices.In all patients the sole predictor of mMRC score was RMS(r =-0.51,P < 0.001).In the subgroup of patients without ascites this relationship becomes closer(r =-0.79,P < 0.001),whilst this relationship breaks down in the subgroup of patients with ascites.The disappearance of such a correlation may be due to the fact that ascites acts as a "confounding" factor.PaCO2(4.4 ± 0.5 kPa) was increased,whereas pH(7.49 ± 0.04) was decreased in 26(65%) and 34(85%) patients,respectively.PaO2(12.3 ± 0.04 kPa) was within normal limits.VE(11.5 ± 3.5 L/min),VT(0.735 ± 0.287 L),and VT/TI(0.449±0.129 L/s) were increased signifying hyperventilation in both subgroups of patients.VT/TI was significantly higher in patients with ascites than without ascites.Significant correlations,albeit weak,were found for PaCO2 with VE and VT/TI(r =-0.44,P < 0.01;r =-0.41,P < 0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of chronic dyspnea is 88% in end-stage liver disease.The mMRC score closely correlates with respiratory muscle strength.
基金Supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81071831)Jiangsu Provincial Health Bureau issues(No.H201021)+1 种基金Xuzhou City Science and Technology Bureau issues(No.XF10C082)Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation of China(No.BK20131131)
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to compare the long-term local control, overall survival, and late toxicities of positron emission tomography/computed tomography （PET/CT）-guided dose escalation radio- therapy versus conventional radiotherapy in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment of locally ad- vanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. Methods Atotal of 48 patients with stage IIl-IVa NPC were recruited and randomly administered PET/CT- guided dose escalation chemoradiotherapy （group A） or conventional chemoradiotherapy （group B）. The dose-escalation radiotherapy was performed using the simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy technique at prescribed doses of 77 gray （Gy） in 32 fractions （f） to the gross target volume （GTV）： planning target volume （PTV） 1 received 64 Gy/32 f, while PTV2 received 54.4 Gy/32 f. Patients in group B received uniform-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy, PTV1 received 70 Gy/35 f and PTV2 received 58 Gy/29 f. Concurrent chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin [20 mg/m2 intravenous （IV） on days 1-4] and docetaxel （75 mg/m2 IV on days 1 and 8） administered during treatment weeks 1 and 4. All patients received 2-4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy of the same dose and drug regimen. Results The use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose （18F-FDG） PET/CT significantly reduced the treat- ment volume delineation of the GTV in 83.3% （20/24） of patients. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates of the two groups were 100% and 79.2%, respectively （P = 0.019）. The 5-year disease free survival （DFS） rates were 95.8% and 75.0%, respectively （P = 0.018）. The 5-year local progression-free survival and DFS rates were significantly different. The 5-year overall survival （OS） rates were 95.8% and 79.2%, re- spectively. Differences in OS improvement were insignificant （P = 0.079）. Late toxicities were similar in the two groups. The most common late toxicities of the two arms were grade 1-2 skin dystrophy, xerostomia, subcutaneous fibrosis, and hearing loss. There were no cases of grade 4 late toxicity. Conclusion The use of 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided dose escalation radiotherapy is well tolerated and can reduce local recurrence rates for patients with locally advanced NPC compared to conventional chemora- diotherapy.
文摘The 〈 110 〉 -oriented TTb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 polycrystalline alloy was magnetically annealed, and its influence on jump effect of magnetostriction was investigated. In the vacuum superconductive high magnetic field equipment, 〈 110 〉 -oriented Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 polycrystalline alloy of the directional solidification was annealed at 623 and 723 K for 5 min under the magnetic field vertical to specimen axis. It is found that magnetic annealing can enhance the jump effect under compressive stress, and increase the saturated magnetostriction coefficient λs, the λs of the magnetic annealing specimens at 623 K under 8.1 MPa is attained to 1950 × 10^-6, Magnetic annealing increases the maximum of dynamic magnetostriction coefficient, d33^max, as well as the magnetic field for d33^max under 8.1 MPa.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174404 and 22133004).
文摘Deep-ultraviolet (DUV, wavelength λ < 200 nm) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal is the core component of frequency conversion to generate DUV laser, which plays an important role in cutting-edge laser technology and fundamental science. Significant progress has been made in both experimental exploration and theoretical design in the field of DUV NLO crystals over the past three decades. In-depth insight into “structure-property correlations”, in particular, allows for rigorous and precise identification of DUV NLO crystals. In this article, we reviewed the current experimental and theoretical research progress while elucidating the core concepts and stringent criteria of qualified DUV phase-matched second-harmonic generation crystals. We also discussed the development of the DUV NLO “structure-property correlations” from first principles and how it has sparked interest in related materials, as well as future directions for obtaining potential DUV NLO crystals.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFA1202300National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52101255+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:HUST,5003110114Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52002287Startup funding from Wenzhou University。
文摘Although Pt and other noble metals are the state-of-the-art catalysts for various energy conversion applications,their low reserve,high cost,and instability limit their large-scale utilization.Herein,we report a hybrid catalysts design featuring noble metal clusters(e.g.,Pt)uniformly dispersed and stabilized on high-entropy alloy nanoparticles(HEA,e.g.,FeCoNiCu),denoted as HEA@Pt,which is prepared via ultra-fast shock synthesis(∼300 ms)for HEA alloying combined with Pt galvanic replacement for surface anchoring.In our design,the HEA core critically ensures high dispersity,stability,and tunability of the surface Pt clusters through high entropy stabilization and core-shell interactions.As an example in the hydrogen evolution reaction,HEA@Pt achieved a significant mass activity of 235 A/gPt,which is 9.4,3.6,and 1.9-times higher compared to that of homogeneous FeCoNiCuPt(HEA-Pt),Pt,and commercial Pt/C,respectively.We also demonstrated noble Ir stabilized on FeCoNiCrMn nanoparticles(HEA-5@Ir),achieving excellent anodic oxygen evolution performance and highly efficient overall water splitting when combined with the cathodic HEA@Pt.Therefore,our work developed a general catalysts design strategies by using high entropy nanoparticles for effective dispersion,stabilization,and modulation of surface active sites,achieving a harmonious combination of high activity,stability,and low cost.
基金K.R.K thank Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR)India for the financial support(09/1095/0017/2016-EMRI)the authors extend to thank the SASTRA Deemed to be University for providing the infrastructural facility to carry out the research work.
文摘Beads free polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/NiO nanofibers with an average diameter of 400 nm were successfully prepared through the electrospinning method.NiO nanograins were formed along the axis of the nanofiber due to the calcination of asspun fibers for 24 h at 450℃ and their presence was confirmed by FESEM.NiO nanograins were characterized by XRD,XPS and FTIR.The characterization results showed the presence of NiO in nanograins and its polycrystalline nature with ionic states.The sensing studies of NiO nanograins were performed towards the pulmonary disease breath markers and they showed better response towards formaldehyde vapour at 350℃.Calcined NiO grains showed a good response towards the 11-1145 ppm of formaldehyde vapour at the operating temperature of 350℃.NiO nanograins also showed quick response time(37 s)and recovery time(14 s)towards 46 ppm of formaldehyde.A sensing mechanism was proposed for the formaldehyde vapour interaction at 350℃ with NiO nanograins.
基金Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674054, and 11611140101)XiangZhou Xing was also sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University (Grant No. YBJJ1621)
文摘The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistivity measurement.The field-dependent activation energy,U_0,is derived in the framework of thermally activated flux flow(TAFF)theory,yielding a power law dependence U_0～H~αwith a crossover at a magnetic field around 2 T in both H⊥ab and H//ab,which is ascribed to the different pinning mechanisms.Moreover,we have clearly observed the vortex phase transition from vortex-glass to vortex-liquid according to the vortex-glass model,and vortex phase diagrams are constructed for both H⊥ab and H//ab.Finally,the results of mixed-state Hall effect show that no sign reversal of transverse resistivityρ_(xy)(H)is detected,indicating that the Hall component arising from the vortex flow is in theories or experiments previously reported on some high-T_ccuprates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grat Nos.12174404 and 22133004)the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics
文摘Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are the key fundamental materials in modern optoelectronic information technology,which play an irre-placeable role in modern quantum optics and photonics in addition to traditional laser frequency conversion applications[1,2].Especially at a time when the international competition of quantum information tech-nology is becoming increasingly intense,high-performing NLO crystals as the strategic materials for optical quantum technology have received continuous attention from physical chemists and materials scientists.
文摘Bite force is often associated with specific morphological features,such as sagittal crests.The presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively correlated with hard-object feeding,in contrast with similar cranial structures in carnivorans.The aim of this study was to investi-gate bite forces and sagittal crest heights across a wide range of modern and extinct tapirs and apply a comparative investigation to establish whether these features are correlated across a broad phylogenetic scope.We examined a sample of 71 specimens representing 15 tapir species(5 extant,10 extinct)using the dry-skull method,linear measurements of cranial features,phylogenetic reconstruction,and comparative analyses.Tapirs were found to ex-hibit variation in bite force and sagittal crest height across their phylogeny and between different biogeographical realms,with high-crested morphologies occurring mostly in Neotropical species.The highest bite forces within tapirs appear to be driven by estimates for the masseter–pterygoid muscle complex,rather than predicted forces for the temporalis muscle.Our results demonstrate that relative sagittal crest height is poorly correlated with relative cranial bite force,suggesting high force application is not a driver for pronounced sagittal crests in this sample.The divergent biomechanical capabilities of different contemporaneous tapirids may have allowed multiple species to occupy overlapping territories and partition resources to avoid excess competition.Bite forces in tapirs peak in Pleistocene species,independent of body size,suggesting possible dietary shifts as a potential result of climatic changes during this epoch.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12174404 and 22133004)the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics.The authors thank Dr.Bonan Zhu and Xuanlin Pan for helpful discussion.
文摘Interlayer sliding modulation in van der Waals(vdW)layered materials opens opportunities to seek tunable applications for photonics and optoelectronics at the nanoscale.In this work,focusing on ternary chalcogenides,dozens of typical vdW layered materials with the formula of A_(2)MZ_(4)(A,M=metal cation;Z=S/Se)were systematically classified and studied to illustrate the interlayer sliding modulation performance on nonlinear optical(NLO)effect and underlying mechanism.Based on first-principles analysis,the screened Cd_(2)GeSe_(4) exhibits large second harmonic generation(SHG)deviation(>36 times between high-and low-SHG states)under sliding among all studied materials.This phenomenon arises from the polarization modulation induced by the vdW interlayer charge redistribution of two tetrahedral primitives in the ternary edge-sharing tetrahedral structures.Our findings present a strategy to substantially modulate NLO properties by altering the interlayer charge coupling which is commonly thought to be very weak in vdW layered materials.
文摘Objective To investigate the peripheral small airway dysfunction differences between idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods Impulse oscillmetory system testing (IOS) and pulmonary function testing (PFT) were performed in IPAH and CTEPH patients and 30 healthy control group.
