Working memory is a core cognitive function that supports goal-directed behavior and complex thought.We developed a spatial working memory and attention test on paired symbols(SWAPS)which has been proved to be a usefu...Working memory is a core cognitive function that supports goal-directed behavior and complex thought.We developed a spatial working memory and attention test on paired symbols(SWAPS)which has been proved to be a useful and valid tool for spatial working memory and attention studies in the fields of cognitive psychology,education,and psychiatry.The repeated administration of working memory capacity tests is common in clinical and research settings.Studies suggest that repeated cognitive tests may improve the performance scores also known as retest effects.The systematic investigation of retest effects in SWAPS is critical for interpreting scientific results,but it is still not fully developed.To address this,we recruited 77 college students aged 18–21 years and used SWAPS comprising 72 trials with different memory loads,learning time,and delay span.We repeated the test once a week for five weeks to investigate the retest effects of SWAPS.There were significant retest effects in the first two tests:the accuracy of the SWAPS tests significantly increased,and then stabilized.These findings provide useful information for researchers to appropriately use or interpret the repeated working memory tests.Further experiments are still needed to clarify the factors that mediate the retest effects,and find out the cognitive mechanism that influences the retest effects.展开更多
The symbolization of land polygon is an important part of cartography. In the mapping of traditional present land-use maps, the symbol of land polygons was usually filled by the method of filling or plotting, but thes...The symbolization of land polygon is an important part of cartography. In the mapping of traditional present land-use maps, the symbol of land polygons was usually filled by the method of filling or plotting, but these methods can't solve the spatial conflicts of the symbol. According to the principle of cartography, the rule of how to symbolize the land polygon was summarized, and a new method that can generate and deploy the land symbols was presented. By making use of C# programming language and Arc Engine developing components, the algorithm can generate land symbols presenting triangle and adjust the coordinate of the symbol. Through mapping the present land-use map of Honghe county, this algorithm can reduce 88.84% of the spatial conflicts error rate compared with the traditional methods. It improves the accuracy and efficiency of the map symbolic.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91632103)the Shanghai Education Commission Research and Innovation Program(No.2019-01-07-00-02-E00037)+2 种基金the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist(No.17XD1401700)the Higher Education Disciplinary Innovation Programthe“Eastern Scholar”Project。
文摘Working memory is a core cognitive function that supports goal-directed behavior and complex thought.We developed a spatial working memory and attention test on paired symbols(SWAPS)which has been proved to be a useful and valid tool for spatial working memory and attention studies in the fields of cognitive psychology,education,and psychiatry.The repeated administration of working memory capacity tests is common in clinical and research settings.Studies suggest that repeated cognitive tests may improve the performance scores also known as retest effects.The systematic investigation of retest effects in SWAPS is critical for interpreting scientific results,but it is still not fully developed.To address this,we recruited 77 college students aged 18–21 years and used SWAPS comprising 72 trials with different memory loads,learning time,and delay span.We repeated the test once a week for five weeks to investigate the retest effects of SWAPS.There were significant retest effects in the first two tests:the accuracy of the SWAPS tests significantly increased,and then stabilized.These findings provide useful information for researchers to appropriately use or interpret the repeated working memory tests.Further experiments are still needed to clarify the factors that mediate the retest effects,and find out the cognitive mechanism that influences the retest effects.
基金Project(41061043)support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The symbolization of land polygon is an important part of cartography. In the mapping of traditional present land-use maps, the symbol of land polygons was usually filled by the method of filling or plotting, but these methods can't solve the spatial conflicts of the symbol. According to the principle of cartography, the rule of how to symbolize the land polygon was summarized, and a new method that can generate and deploy the land symbols was presented. By making use of C# programming language and Arc Engine developing components, the algorithm can generate land symbols presenting triangle and adjust the coordinate of the symbol. Through mapping the present land-use map of Honghe county, this algorithm can reduce 88.84% of the spatial conflicts error rate compared with the traditional methods. It improves the accuracy and efficiency of the map symbolic.
