Large-scaled reclamation modifies the coastal environment dramatically while accelerating the disappearance of salt marshes,which causes the degradation of the coastal ecosystem and the biodiversity function.In this s...Large-scaled reclamation modifies the coastal environment dramatically while accelerating the disappearance of salt marshes,which causes the degradation of the coastal ecosystem and the biodiversity function.In this study,we explored the changes of tidal flat and salt marsh coverage in a small-scale tidal flat with an area of ~160 000 m^2 in the plain coast of Jiangsu Province,China.Human activities（e.g.,the construction of dikes） are a crucial contributor that benefits for the tidal flat accretions and the following changes of salt marsh coverage.Located in the front of the man-made ＂concave coastline＂,the study area is suitable for sediment accretion after the dike construction in the end of 2006.On the basis of the annual tidal surface elevation survey from 2007 to 2012,the sedimentation rates in the human influenced tidal flat varied from a few centimeters per year to 23 cm/a.The study area experienced a rapid accretion in the tidal flat and the expansion of the salt marsh,with the formation of a longshore bar,and a subsequent decline of the salt marsh.Breaking waves during the flooding tide brought much sediment from the adjacent tidal flat to the study area,which caused burial and degeneration of the salt marsh.The vertical grain size changes within a 66 cm long core in the study area also demonstrated the above changes in the tidal environment.This study indicates that the responses of small-scale tidal flat changes to reclamation are significant,and the rational reclamation would benefit for the new salt marsh formation in front of the dikes.Further research about the evolution of small scale tidal flat as well as the spatial planning of the polder dike should be strengthened for the purpose to maintain a healthier coastal environment.展开更多
Now the mining of high salt underground brine has been an important aspect of salt lake mining,which is the necessary support to the development of national economy.With the change of underground geological
For high strength interstitial free （IF） steel containing P element, the salt and pepper （SP） defects exist on the strip surface and could not be eliminated effectively by optimizing the hot rolling process, such ...For high strength interstitial free （IF） steel containing P element, the salt and pepper （SP） defects exist on the strip surface and could not be eliminated effectively by optimizing the hot rolling process, such as temperature and cooling water. The combination effect of Si and P on the characteristic of tertiary scale has been studied comprehensively by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electron probe microanalysis （EPMA）, and the concept is proposed firstly that Si and P are of combination effect which can be utilized to eliminate the SP defect. The results show that the SP defects were induced by the rolled-in scale during finish rolling. P can be enriched at the interface between substrate and tertiary scale, which is easy to decrease the adhesion of tertiary scale. However, Si enrichment at the interface between substrate and tertiary scale can increase the adhesion. The SP defects can be eliminated completely, which is attributed to the accompanying enrichment of Si and P.展开更多
基金The National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under contract No.2012BAC07B01the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41371024,41230751 and 41071006
文摘Large-scaled reclamation modifies the coastal environment dramatically while accelerating the disappearance of salt marshes,which causes the degradation of the coastal ecosystem and the biodiversity function.In this study,we explored the changes of tidal flat and salt marsh coverage in a small-scale tidal flat with an area of ~160 000 m^2 in the plain coast of Jiangsu Province,China.Human activities（e.g.,the construction of dikes） are a crucial contributor that benefits for the tidal flat accretions and the following changes of salt marsh coverage.Located in the front of the man-made ＂concave coastline＂,the study area is suitable for sediment accretion after the dike construction in the end of 2006.On the basis of the annual tidal surface elevation survey from 2007 to 2012,the sedimentation rates in the human influenced tidal flat varied from a few centimeters per year to 23 cm/a.The study area experienced a rapid accretion in the tidal flat and the expansion of the salt marsh,with the formation of a longshore bar,and a subsequent decline of the salt marsh.Breaking waves during the flooding tide brought much sediment from the adjacent tidal flat to the study area,which caused burial and degeneration of the salt marsh.The vertical grain size changes within a 66 cm long core in the study area also demonstrated the above changes in the tidal environment.This study indicates that the responses of small-scale tidal flat changes to reclamation are significant,and the rational reclamation would benefit for the new salt marsh formation in front of the dikes.Further research about the evolution of small scale tidal flat as well as the spatial planning of the polder dike should be strengthened for the purpose to maintain a healthier coastal environment.
基金supported by National High-tech Research and Development Projects (863): the key technology of efficient exploiting deep brine in the Yellow River delta (Contracts 2012AA061705)
文摘Now the mining of high salt underground brine has been an important aspect of salt lake mining,which is the necessary support to the development of national economy.With the change of underground geological
文摘For high strength interstitial free （IF） steel containing P element, the salt and pepper （SP） defects exist on the strip surface and could not be eliminated effectively by optimizing the hot rolling process, such as temperature and cooling water. The combination effect of Si and P on the characteristic of tertiary scale has been studied comprehensively by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electron probe microanalysis （EPMA）, and the concept is proposed firstly that Si and P are of combination effect which can be utilized to eliminate the SP defect. The results show that the SP defects were induced by the rolled-in scale during finish rolling. P can be enriched at the interface between substrate and tertiary scale, which is easy to decrease the adhesion of tertiary scale. However, Si enrichment at the interface between substrate and tertiary scale can increase the adhesion. The SP defects can be eliminated completely, which is attributed to the accompanying enrichment of Si and P.
