[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance so...[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.[Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.[Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR（leaf width/1/2 leaf width）and LWR（leaf length/1/2 leaf length）,in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.[Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum.展开更多
Distributions of pubescences on leaf blade and hull in japonica rice were observed under an optical microscope. Numbers of leaf and hull pubescences in P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations were investigated in three ...Distributions of pubescences on leaf blade and hull in japonica rice were observed under an optical microscope. Numbers of leaf and hull pubescences in P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations were investigated in three combinations of japonica rice (Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R, Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and Liuyan 189A/HR-122), and genetic analysis for these two traits were conducted by using the joint analysis method of P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations with the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance models. Leaf pubescences characterized by swollen base and fine tip distributed regularly on the boundary between dark green stripe and light green stripe of leaf blade. Hull pubescences with various lengths distributed irregularly on the whole hull. Numbers of leaf pubescences in the reciprocal combinations of Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R and Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and numbers of hull pubescences in all the three combinations were controlled by one pair of additive major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. In the combination of Liuyan 189A/HR-122, number of leaf pubescences was controlled by one pair of additive-dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. Both numbers of leaf and hull pubescences were mainly governed by major genes.展开更多
To understand the responses of flag leaf shape in rice to elevated CO2 environment and their genetic characteristics, quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for flag leaf shape in rice were mapped onto the molecular marker ...To understand the responses of flag leaf shape in rice to elevated CO2 environment and their genetic characteristics, quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for flag leaf shape in rice were mapped onto the molecular marker linkage map of chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） derived from a cross between a japonica variety Asominori and an indica variety IR24 under free air carbon dioxide enrichment （FACE, 200 μmol/mol above current levels） and current CO2 concentration （Ambient, about 370 μmol/mol）. Three flag-leaf traits, flag-leaf length （LL）, width （LW） and the ratio of LL to LW （RLW）, were estimated for each CSSL and their parental varieties. The differences in LL, LW and RLW between parents and in LL and LW within IR24 between FACE and Ambient were significant at 1% level. The continuous distributions and transgressive segregations of LL, LW and RLW were also observed in CSSL population, showing that the three traits were quantitatively inherited under both FACE and Ambient. A total of 16 QTLs for the three traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 11 with LOD （Log10-1ikelihood ratio） scores ranging from 3.0 to 6.7. Among them, four QTLs （qLL-6＊, qLL-8＊ qLW-4＊ and qRLW-6＊） were commonly detected under both FACE and Ambient. Therefore, based on the different responses to elevated CO2 in comparison with current CO2 level, it can be suggested that the expressions of several QTLs associated with flag-leaf shape in rice could be induced by the high CO2 level.展开更多
利用高效凝胶色谱(high performance gel permeation chromatography,HPGPC)分析桑叶多糖两个组分MPL1和MPL2的重均分子质量分别为11800D和7630D,利用GC分析MPL1和MPL2是由D-果糖(D-Flu)、L-阿拉伯糖(L-Ara)、L-鼠李糖(L-Rha)、D-木糖(D...利用高效凝胶色谱(high performance gel permeation chromatography,HPGPC)分析桑叶多糖两个组分MPL1和MPL2的重均分子质量分别为11800D和7630D,利用GC分析MPL1和MPL2是由D-果糖(D-Flu)、L-阿拉伯糖(L-Ara)、L-鼠李糖(L-Rha)、D-木糖(D-Xyl)和D-葡萄糖(D-Glu)5种单糖组成,其物质的量比分别为58:9.9:5.8:5.1:21.2和45:6.74:17.2:7.3:24.1。而通过高碘酸氧化和Smith降解反应的方法得到MPL1和MPL2的主链是由1→3位键合的糖基组成,支链为1→2位键合的糖基组成。红外光谱分析桑叶多糖中存在α构型的C—H吸收峰。展开更多
We investigated the influence of different levels of osmotic stress on growth and development in selected wild almond species （eight Prunus spp.） grown in vitro. The study, while endorsing the efficacy of in vitro s...We investigated the influence of different levels of osmotic stress on growth and development in selected wild almond species （eight Prunus spp.） grown in vitro. The study, while endorsing the efficacy of in vitro screening of auxiliary buds of wild almond for osmotic stress tolerance, showed species variability in its response to osmotic stress. Osmotic stress reduced growth and development of all the species. How-ever, the putative tolerant Prunus spp. showed better performance than the putative susceptible genotypes. On average there was an 80% de-crease in shoot dry weight at -1.2 MPa. Reduction in shoot weight was more common in osmotic stress-susceptible species in the section labeled‘Euamygdalus’. The tolerant Prunus species produced smaller changes in biochemical responses than the sensitive cultivars for malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, relative permeability of protoplast membranes, and net photosynthetic rate. The tolerant species maintained cell integrity better than drought sensitive species. Wild almond species in the section labeled ‘Spartioides’ （Prunus arabica （Olivier） Neikle, Prunus glauca＆amp;nbsp;（Browicz） A.E. Murray, Prunus scoparia Spach） and ‘Lycioides’ （Pru-nus lycioides Spach, Prunus reuteri Bossi. et Bushe） were best adapted to osmotic stress. Increase in chlorophyll concentration and leaf thickness under high osmotic stress can be considered as preliminary selection parameters for osmotic stress tolerance in Prunus spp. The study con-firmed the efficacy of the in vitro method for screening of large number of genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance in wild almond species.展开更多
Duyun Maojian tea is a famous tea in China.In this study,the specific-locus amplified fragment(SLAF)sequencing method was used to analyze the population structure and conduct a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of 2 ...Duyun Maojian tea is a famous tea in China.In this study,the specific-locus amplified fragment(SLAF)sequencing method was used to analyze the population structure and conduct a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of 2 leaf traits of 123 tea plants in Qiannan,China.A total of 462,019 SLAF tags and 11,362,041 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci were obtained.The results of phylogenetic tree analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis showed that 123 tea germplasms were clustered into three groups,and the heterozygosity rates for Groups I,II,and II were 0.206,0.224,and 0.34,respectively.Generally,tea germplasms in a production area are clustered in a group,indicating that tea germplasms in different production areas have certain genetic diversity.The traditional Duyun Maojian tea core production areas,TS and DC-SJ,are clustered into Group I and Group II respectively,while the ZY production area is relatively independent in Group III.Furthermore,based on GWAS analysis,11 candidate genes related to leaf apex and 7 candidate genes related to leaf shape were obtained.This study clarified the genetic relationship among eight Duyun Maojian tea production areas and obtained candidate genes related to leaf apex and leaf shape development.The results showed that population structure and candidate genes are an effective basis for the breeding of Duyun Maojian tea germplasm.展开更多
基金Supported by High-tech Research Project of Jiangsu Province(BG2004314)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.[Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.[Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR（leaf width/1/2 leaf width）and LWR（leaf length/1/2 leaf length）,in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.[Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum.
文摘Distributions of pubescences on leaf blade and hull in japonica rice were observed under an optical microscope. Numbers of leaf and hull pubescences in P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations were investigated in three combinations of japonica rice (Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R, Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and Liuyan 189A/HR-122), and genetic analysis for these two traits were conducted by using the joint analysis method of P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations with the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance models. Leaf pubescences characterized by swollen base and fine tip distributed regularly on the boundary between dark green stripe and light green stripe of leaf blade. Hull pubescences with various lengths distributed irregularly on the whole hull. Numbers of leaf pubescences in the reciprocal combinations of Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R and Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and numbers of hull pubescences in all the three combinations were controlled by one pair of additive major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. In the combination of Liuyan 189A/HR-122, number of leaf pubescences was controlled by one pair of additive-dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. Both numbers of leaf and hull pubescences were mainly governed by major genes.
文摘目的:对双面紫紫苏叶、面绿背紫紫苏叶、双面绿白苏叶的叶色进行数字化表征,建立花青素含量测定方法,探讨不同样品的差异及色数值与花青素含量的相关性。方法:利用体视荧光显微镜测定和提取R、G、B、L*、a*、b*、E*ab 7种色数值。样品经含2.5%盐酸的60%乙醇溶液提取,以氯化矢车菊素为对照,采用分光光度法测定花青素含量。利用偏最小二乘-判别分析(partial least squares-discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)研究不同叶色样品的差异。对7个色数值与花青素含量进行Pearson相关分析,并建立逐步多元线性回归模型。结果:叶色值测定方法精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的相对标准偏差均低于3%。花青素含量测定方法线性关系良好,精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的相对标准偏差均低于3%,平均回收率为99.8%。双面紫紫苏叶、面绿背紫紫苏叶、双面绿白苏叶的R值和花青素含量依次降低,E*ab值依次升高,3种样品的G值、B值、L*值、a*值、b*值无显著性差异。PLS-DA可将30批样品按叶色分为3类,R值与花青素呈极显著正相关。结论:所建方法灵敏、准确、简便、快速。该研究实现了紫苏叶和白苏叶颜色的数字化表达,揭示了叶色与内在成分的关联性,可为药用紫苏叶的“辨色论质”研究提供科学依据。
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation, China （Grant Nos. 30270800 and 40231003）
文摘To understand the responses of flag leaf shape in rice to elevated CO2 environment and their genetic characteristics, quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for flag leaf shape in rice were mapped onto the molecular marker linkage map of chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） derived from a cross between a japonica variety Asominori and an indica variety IR24 under free air carbon dioxide enrichment （FACE, 200 μmol/mol above current levels） and current CO2 concentration （Ambient, about 370 μmol/mol）. Three flag-leaf traits, flag-leaf length （LL）, width （LW） and the ratio of LL to LW （RLW）, were estimated for each CSSL and their parental varieties. The differences in LL, LW and RLW between parents and in LL and LW within IR24 between FACE and Ambient were significant at 1% level. The continuous distributions and transgressive segregations of LL, LW and RLW were also observed in CSSL population, showing that the three traits were quantitatively inherited under both FACE and Ambient. A total of 16 QTLs for the three traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 11 with LOD （Log10-1ikelihood ratio） scores ranging from 3.0 to 6.7. Among them, four QTLs （qLL-6＊, qLL-8＊ qLW-4＊ and qRLW-6＊） were commonly detected under both FACE and Ambient. Therefore, based on the different responses to elevated CO2 in comparison with current CO2 level, it can be suggested that the expressions of several QTLs associated with flag-leaf shape in rice could be induced by the high CO2 level.
文摘利用高效凝胶色谱(high performance gel permeation chromatography,HPGPC)分析桑叶多糖两个组分MPL1和MPL2的重均分子质量分别为11800D和7630D,利用GC分析MPL1和MPL2是由D-果糖(D-Flu)、L-阿拉伯糖(L-Ara)、L-鼠李糖(L-Rha)、D-木糖(D-Xyl)和D-葡萄糖(D-Glu)5种单糖组成,其物质的量比分别为58:9.9:5.8:5.1:21.2和45:6.74:17.2:7.3:24.1。而通过高碘酸氧化和Smith降解反应的方法得到MPL1和MPL2的主链是由1→3位键合的糖基组成,支链为1→2位键合的糖基组成。红外光谱分析桑叶多糖中存在α构型的C—H吸收峰。
文摘We investigated the influence of different levels of osmotic stress on growth and development in selected wild almond species （eight Prunus spp.） grown in vitro. The study, while endorsing the efficacy of in vitro screening of auxiliary buds of wild almond for osmotic stress tolerance, showed species variability in its response to osmotic stress. Osmotic stress reduced growth and development of all the species. How-ever, the putative tolerant Prunus spp. showed better performance than the putative susceptible genotypes. On average there was an 80% de-crease in shoot dry weight at -1.2 MPa. Reduction in shoot weight was more common in osmotic stress-susceptible species in the section labeled‘Euamygdalus’. The tolerant Prunus species produced smaller changes in biochemical responses than the sensitive cultivars for malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, relative permeability of protoplast membranes, and net photosynthetic rate. The tolerant species maintained cell integrity better than drought sensitive species. Wild almond species in the section labeled ‘Spartioides’ （Prunus arabica （Olivier） Neikle, Prunus glauca＆amp;nbsp;（Browicz） A.E. Murray, Prunus scoparia Spach） and ‘Lycioides’ （Pru-nus lycioides Spach, Prunus reuteri Bossi. et Bushe） were best adapted to osmotic stress. Increase in chlorophyll concentration and leaf thickness under high osmotic stress can be considered as preliminary selection parameters for osmotic stress tolerance in Prunus spp. The study con-firmed the efficacy of the in vitro method for screening of large number of genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance in wild almond species.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[20181044]the Construction Program of Biology First-Class Disciplining Guizhou(GNYL[2017]009)the Young Scholars and Technology Talents Development Project of Guizhou Education Department KY(2018)124,and the Independent Subject Grant Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Plantation Innovation of the Ministry of Education(Guizhou University).
文摘Duyun Maojian tea is a famous tea in China.In this study,the specific-locus amplified fragment(SLAF)sequencing method was used to analyze the population structure and conduct a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of 2 leaf traits of 123 tea plants in Qiannan,China.A total of 462,019 SLAF tags and 11,362,041 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci were obtained.The results of phylogenetic tree analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis showed that 123 tea germplasms were clustered into three groups,and the heterozygosity rates for Groups I,II,and II were 0.206,0.224,and 0.34,respectively.Generally,tea germplasms in a production area are clustered in a group,indicating that tea germplasms in different production areas have certain genetic diversity.The traditional Duyun Maojian tea core production areas,TS and DC-SJ,are clustered into Group I and Group II respectively,while the ZY production area is relatively independent in Group III.Furthermore,based on GWAS analysis,11 candidate genes related to leaf apex and 7 candidate genes related to leaf shape were obtained.This study clarified the genetic relationship among eight Duyun Maojian tea production areas and obtained candidate genes related to leaf apex and leaf shape development.The results showed that population structure and candidate genes are an effective basis for the breeding of Duyun Maojian tea germplasm.
