Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a range of neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by social dysfunction and stereotypic behaviors.The etiology of ASD remains largely unexplored,resulting in a diverse array of descr...Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a range of neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by social dysfunction and stereotypic behaviors.The etiology of ASD remains largely unexplored,resulting in a diverse array of described clinical manifestations and varying degrees of severity.Currently,there are no drugs approved by a supervisory organization that can effectively treat the core symptoms of ASD.Childhood and adolescence are crucial stages for making significant achievements in ASD treatment,necessitating the development of drugs specifically for these periods.Based on the drug targets and mechanisms of action,it can be found that atypical psychotropic medications,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medications,hormonal medications,ion channel medications,and gastrointestinal medications have shown significant improvement in treating the core symptoms of ASD in both children and adolescents.In addition,comparisons of drugs within the same category regarding efficacy and safety have been made to identify better alternatives and promote drug development.While further evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of these medications is needed,they hold great potential for widespread application in the clinical treatment of the principal symptoms of ASD.展开更多
BACKGROUND A psychological sense of coherence(SOC)in percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)patients is important for disease prognosis,and there is considerable variation between their symptoms.In contrast,network an...BACKGROUND A psychological sense of coherence(SOC)in percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)patients is important for disease prognosis,and there is considerable variation between their symptoms.In contrast,network analysis provides a new approach to gaining insight into the complex nature of symptoms and symptom clusters and identifying core symptoms.AIM To explore the psychological coherence of symptoms experienced by PCI patients,we aim to analyze differences in their associated factors and employ network analysis to characterize the symptom networks.METHODS A total of 472 patients who underwent PCI were selected for a cross-sectional study.The objective was to investigate the association between general patient demographics,medical coping styles,perceived stress status,and symptoms of psychological coherence.Data analysis was conducted using a linear regression model and a network model to visualize psychological coherence and calculate a centrality index.RESULTSPost-PCI patients exhibited low levels of psychological coherence, which correlated with factors such as education,income, age, place of residence, adherence to medical examinations, perceived stress, and medical coping style.Network analysis revealed that symptoms within the sense of psychological coherence were strongly interconnected,particularly with SOC2 and SOC8, demonstrating the strongest correlations. Among these, SOC10 emergedas the symptom with the highest intensity, centrality, and proximity, identifying it as the most central symptom.CONCLUSIONThe network model has strong explanatory power in describing the psychological consistency symptoms ofpatients after PCI, identifying the central SOC symptoms, among which SOC10 is the key to overall SOCenhancement, and there is a strong positive correlation between SOC2 and SOC8, emphasizing the need to considerthe synergistic effect of symptoms in intervention measures.展开更多
The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The...The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The study utilized validated assessment instruments,such as the Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale,and Preschool Language Scale,to ensure an objective evaluation.The findings provide compelling evidence for the superior efficacy of the nanoemulsion.Participants in the nanoemulsion group exhibited significant increases in 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)_(2)D3 levels,along with a reduction in ASD severity and improvements in core symptoms,including social interaction,language,and adaptive behavior.These findings underscore the potential of nanocarriers to address the limitations associated with conventional vitamin D3 supplements,particularly for populations experiencing absorption challenges due to gastrointestinal dysfunction and sensory processing abnormalities,where the oral bioavailability of traditional vitamin D3 formulations is below 50%.Prior research investigating the effects of vitamin D3 on ASD has produced inconsistent outcomes,frequently lacking evidence of significant improvements in core symptoms.This study establishes a connection between improved vitamin D3 bioavailability and observable behavioral enhancements,thereby bridging a crucial gap in translational research.展开更多
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B030335001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32200815)+1 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20&ZD296)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M721218)。
文摘Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a range of neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by social dysfunction and stereotypic behaviors.The etiology of ASD remains largely unexplored,resulting in a diverse array of described clinical manifestations and varying degrees of severity.Currently,there are no drugs approved by a supervisory organization that can effectively treat the core symptoms of ASD.Childhood and adolescence are crucial stages for making significant achievements in ASD treatment,necessitating the development of drugs specifically for these periods.Based on the drug targets and mechanisms of action,it can be found that atypical psychotropic medications,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medications,hormonal medications,ion channel medications,and gastrointestinal medications have shown significant improvement in treating the core symptoms of ASD in both children and adolescents.In addition,comparisons of drugs within the same category regarding efficacy and safety have been made to identify better alternatives and promote drug development.While further evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of these medications is needed,they hold great potential for widespread application in the clinical treatment of the principal symptoms of ASD.
基金Supported by the Self-funded Research Project of Health Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,No.Z-A20220509.
文摘BACKGROUND A psychological sense of coherence(SOC)in percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)patients is important for disease prognosis,and there is considerable variation between their symptoms.In contrast,network analysis provides a new approach to gaining insight into the complex nature of symptoms and symptom clusters and identifying core symptoms.AIM To explore the psychological coherence of symptoms experienced by PCI patients,we aim to analyze differences in their associated factors and employ network analysis to characterize the symptom networks.METHODS A total of 472 patients who underwent PCI were selected for a cross-sectional study.The objective was to investigate the association between general patient demographics,medical coping styles,perceived stress status,and symptoms of psychological coherence.Data analysis was conducted using a linear regression model and a network model to visualize psychological coherence and calculate a centrality index.RESULTSPost-PCI patients exhibited low levels of psychological coherence, which correlated with factors such as education,income, age, place of residence, adherence to medical examinations, perceived stress, and medical coping style.Network analysis revealed that symptoms within the sense of psychological coherence were strongly interconnected,particularly with SOC2 and SOC8, demonstrating the strongest correlations. Among these, SOC10 emergedas the symptom with the highest intensity, centrality, and proximity, identifying it as the most central symptom.CONCLUSIONThe network model has strong explanatory power in describing the psychological consistency symptoms ofpatients after PCI, identifying the central SOC symptoms, among which SOC10 is the key to overall SOCenhancement, and there is a strong positive correlation between SOC2 and SOC8, emphasizing the need to considerthe synergistic effect of symptoms in intervention measures.
文摘The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The study utilized validated assessment instruments,such as the Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale,and Preschool Language Scale,to ensure an objective evaluation.The findings provide compelling evidence for the superior efficacy of the nanoemulsion.Participants in the nanoemulsion group exhibited significant increases in 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)_(2)D3 levels,along with a reduction in ASD severity and improvements in core symptoms,including social interaction,language,and adaptive behavior.These findings underscore the potential of nanocarriers to address the limitations associated with conventional vitamin D3 supplements,particularly for populations experiencing absorption challenges due to gastrointestinal dysfunction and sensory processing abnormalities,where the oral bioavailability of traditional vitamin D3 formulations is below 50%.Prior research investigating the effects of vitamin D3 on ASD has produced inconsistent outcomes,frequently lacking evidence of significant improvements in core symptoms.This study establishes a connection between improved vitamin D3 bioavailability and observable behavioral enhancements,thereby bridging a crucial gap in translational research.
