Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is...Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.展开更多
【背景】黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)是我国重要的检疫性植物病毒之一,主要侵染葫芦科作物,造成世界范围内葫芦科作物的严重减产。PsbQ(oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3)蛋白是组成PSⅡ复合物(O...【背景】黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)是我国重要的检疫性植物病毒之一,主要侵染葫芦科作物,造成世界范围内葫芦科作物的严重减产。PsbQ(oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3)蛋白是组成PSⅡ复合物(OEC)的相关蛋白之一,参与PSⅡ组装、稳定PSⅡ功能,并对植物应对生物和非生物胁迫反应起调控作用。前期研究显示CGMMV侵染后可以显著下调寄主叶绿体调控基因NbPsbQ1的表达。【目的】明确NbPsbQ1参与CGMMV侵染的机制,为CGMMV病害防控提供理论依据。【方法】通过构建NbPsbQ1及CGMMV CP的荧光表达载体,转化GV3101农杆菌后浸润本氏烟叶片,激光共聚焦显微镜观察其亚细胞定位;利用qRT-PCR技术分析NbPsbQ1在CGMMV侵染不同时期和CP过表达后的转录水平;利用双分子荧光互补、免疫共沉淀和酵母双杂交试验分别验证NbPsbQ1与CP在体内及体外的互作;通过TRV沉默技术分析NbPsbQ1在CGMMV侵染过程中的作用;瞬时过表达NbPsbQ1进一步验证NbPsbQ1对CGMMV蛋白水平及转录水平的影响;测定NbPsbQ1沉默以及CGMMV侵染不同时间植株的光合效率指标,从而分析NbPsbQ1以及CGMMV对植株光合作用的影响。【结果】亚细胞定位结果显示NbPsbQ1定位于叶绿体,而CP定位于细胞质和细胞核;在CGMMV侵染以及CP过表达后,与对照相比,NbPsbQ1的转录水平均明显下调;双分子荧光互补和免疫共沉淀试验结果均证明NbPsbQ1与CP在体内互作,且两者互作使NbPsbQ1的定位从叶绿体迁移至细胞质,但酵母双杂交试验证明两者在植物体外不互作;在沉默植株上接种CGMMV,4 d后观察到处理组和对照组均有部分植株系统叶开始出现斑驳、卷曲症状,而TRV:NbPsbQ1组的发病植株数量始终多于对照组;同时检测mRNA水平和蛋白水平表达结果也表明NbPsbQ1的沉默有效促进了CGMMV的积累;NbPsbQ1瞬时过表达抑制CGMMV CP积累进一步证实NbPsbQ1抑制CGMMV侵染;测定NbPsbQ1沉默植株的光合效率指标,发现与对照组相比,NbPsbQ1沉默后显著降低植株叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)明显升高,表明NbPsbQ1参与植株光合作用;同时,发现在CGMMV侵染9 d时,Gs、Tr明显下降而Ci升高。【结论】CGMMV CP与NbPsbQ1在体内互作,并改变其叶绿体定位;随着CGMMV不断侵染,光合作用系统Ⅱ相关基因NbPsbQ1表达水平下调,光合效率受到抑制,从而促进病毒后期的积累。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52278490。
文摘Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.
