Agriculture is an important source of economic survival of rural populations, and with great power for poverty reduction in the economy. For this reason farming systems that are most efficient have to be sought. This ...Agriculture is an important source of economic survival of rural populations, and with great power for poverty reduction in the economy. For this reason farming systems that are most efficient have to be sought. This paper explores crop-based and pastoralism farming systems under conflicting land use relations. Incidences of violent conflicts are highlighted, which usually assume a depoliticised expression as inter-group conflicts. Competition for resources (land and water) is an important reason for such conflict, but the role of the state in protection of property rights is also advocated to nurture rivalry. Very wide difference in conception, that to the pastoralists property is cattle, land is common property open to herds, while to crop farmers land is property, which is divided between households, complicates the conflict resolution. State bias exists in the protection of property rights. Mechanisms for the state bias arebriefly cited. This paper suggests a farming systems educational approach as a way to reduce environmentally stressful practice, and strengthen the study of administrative regulation that harmonizes equity in conflicting land use.展开更多
土地利用现状、演化规律和未来变化情况对于国土空间开发和城市高质量可持续发展至关重要。借助土地利用转移矩阵和动态度等方法探究清镇市2000—2020年土地利用的空间分布格局和演化规律。在此基础上,通过引入随机森林的斑块生成土地...土地利用现状、演化规律和未来变化情况对于国土空间开发和城市高质量可持续发展至关重要。借助土地利用转移矩阵和动态度等方法探究清镇市2000—2020年土地利用的空间分布格局和演化规律。在此基础上,通过引入随机森林的斑块生成土地利用变化模拟模型(patch-generating land use simulation model,PLUS)揭示清镇市土地利用扩张的驱动机制,并多情景模拟预测清镇市未来2030、2040年土地利用变化趋势。结果表明:2000—2020年,清镇市耕地与灌木地面积减少,林地、草地和不透水面面积增加,水体与裸地面积相对稳定,退耕还林与城镇化建设促使土地利用类型转移多样化,综合动态度呈加速趋势反映城镇化建设与生态保护对土地利用的深刻影响;人类活动对耕地、林地、不透水面演化影响显著,距居民地(面)的距离是土地利用演化的关键驱动因素;不同场景下,清镇市2030年和2040年耕地将持续减少,林地、不透水面增加,灌木地、草地、水体和裸地变化较小。研究结果对清镇市土地资源管理、生态环境保护、城市规划等方面提供了有益的参考,旨在通过优化土地利用结构推动清镇市实现高质量可持续发展。展开更多
文摘Agriculture is an important source of economic survival of rural populations, and with great power for poverty reduction in the economy. For this reason farming systems that are most efficient have to be sought. This paper explores crop-based and pastoralism farming systems under conflicting land use relations. Incidences of violent conflicts are highlighted, which usually assume a depoliticised expression as inter-group conflicts. Competition for resources (land and water) is an important reason for such conflict, but the role of the state in protection of property rights is also advocated to nurture rivalry. Very wide difference in conception, that to the pastoralists property is cattle, land is common property open to herds, while to crop farmers land is property, which is divided between households, complicates the conflict resolution. State bias exists in the protection of property rights. Mechanisms for the state bias arebriefly cited. This paper suggests a farming systems educational approach as a way to reduce environmentally stressful practice, and strengthen the study of administrative regulation that harmonizes equity in conflicting land use.
文摘土地利用现状、演化规律和未来变化情况对于国土空间开发和城市高质量可持续发展至关重要。借助土地利用转移矩阵和动态度等方法探究清镇市2000—2020年土地利用的空间分布格局和演化规律。在此基础上,通过引入随机森林的斑块生成土地利用变化模拟模型(patch-generating land use simulation model,PLUS)揭示清镇市土地利用扩张的驱动机制,并多情景模拟预测清镇市未来2030、2040年土地利用变化趋势。结果表明:2000—2020年,清镇市耕地与灌木地面积减少,林地、草地和不透水面面积增加,水体与裸地面积相对稳定,退耕还林与城镇化建设促使土地利用类型转移多样化,综合动态度呈加速趋势反映城镇化建设与生态保护对土地利用的深刻影响;人类活动对耕地、林地、不透水面演化影响显著,距居民地(面)的距离是土地利用演化的关键驱动因素;不同场景下,清镇市2030年和2040年耕地将持续减少,林地、不透水面增加,灌木地、草地、水体和裸地变化较小。研究结果对清镇市土地资源管理、生态环境保护、城市规划等方面提供了有益的参考,旨在通过优化土地利用结构推动清镇市实现高质量可持续发展。
