We modified a three-dimensional cerebral aneurysm model for surgical simulation and educational demonstration. Novel models are made showing perforating arteries arising around the aneurysm. Information about perforat...We modified a three-dimensional cerebral aneurysm model for surgical simulation and educational demonstration. Novel models are made showing perforating arteries arising around the aneurysm. Information about perforating arteries is difficult to obtain from individual radiological data sets. Perforators are therefore reproduced based on previous anatomical knowledge instead of personal data. Due to their fragility, perforating arteries are attached to the model using hard materials. At the same time, hollow models are useful for practicing clip application. We made a model for practicing the application of fenestrated clips for paraclinoid internal carotid aneurysms. Situating aneurysm models in the fissure of a brain model simulates the real surgical field and is helpful for educational demonstrations.展开更多
Stent placement is considered as a promising and minimally invasive technique to prevent rupture of aneurysm and favor coagulation mechanism inside the aneurysm.Many scholars study the effect of the stent on blood flo...Stent placement is considered as a promising and minimally invasive technique to prevent rupture of aneurysm and favor coagulation mechanism inside the aneurysm.Many scholars study the effect of the stent on blood flow in cerebral aneurysm by numerical simulations,and usually regard blood as the Newtonian fluid,blood,however,is a kind of non-Newtonian fluid in practice.The main purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effect of non-Newtonian behavior on the hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow in stented cerebral aneurysm with lattice Boltzmann method.The Casson model is used to describe the blood non-Newtonian character,which is one of the most popular models in depicting blood fluid.In particular,hemodynamic characteristics derived with Newtonian and non-Newtonian models are studied,and compared in detail.The results show that the non-Newtonian effect gives a great influence on hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow in stented cerebral aneurysm,especially in small necked ones.展开更多
目的建立脑动脉瘤的虚拟三维模型并探讨其临床应用价值。方法分别对20例正常脑血管和216例脑动脉瘤的DSA资料进行分析整理,选取具有代表性的DSA资料作为蓝本,利用三维制作软件3D Studio MAX R3创建虚拟的脑动脉系统和动脉瘤模型,并由多...目的建立脑动脉瘤的虚拟三维模型并探讨其临床应用价值。方法分别对20例正常脑血管和216例脑动脉瘤的DSA资料进行分析整理,选取具有代表性的DSA资料作为蓝本,利用三维制作软件3D Studio MAX R3创建虚拟的脑动脉系统和动脉瘤模型,并由多名医生评价该模型与DSA图像的相似性,最后考察虚拟模型在临床教学和造影诊断工作中的应用价值。结果①虚拟脑动脉系统与DSA图像相比,在形态上具有相似性,在视觉上更容易理解血管的三维空间关系;②虚拟动脉瘤与DSA图像相比,能正确表现动脉瘤的发生部位、生长方向和形态特点;③在临床教学上能帮助学习者建立并加强血管和动脉瘤的三维空间概念;④通过模拟瘤体和瘤颈的最佳的显示角度,指导血管造影工作角度的选择。结论由软件方法建立的脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型对于形态学研究和指导临床工作具有重要作用。展开更多
目的对兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型进行改进,以评价建模的成功率及支架植入后颈总动脉的通畅率。方法取新西兰大白兔20只,饲养1周后行左侧颈内动脉结扎。1个月后行颈部3.0 T MRA检查评价颈动脉与椎动脉的变化情况。采用间断式外翻缝合...目的对兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型进行改进,以评价建模的成功率及支架植入后颈总动脉的通畅率。方法取新西兰大白兔20只,饲养1周后行左侧颈内动脉结扎。1个月后行颈部3.0 T MRA检查评价颈动脉与椎动脉的变化情况。采用间断式外翻缝合法吻合静脉囊与颈总动脉,建立侧壁型动脉瘤。在植入覆膜支架前、术后即刻、3个月、6个月行血管造影。结果 20只实验兔均顺利行左侧颈内动脉结扎。MRI示结扎前右颈总动脉中段平均直径为(2.35±0.08)mm,结扎后1个月右颈总动脉中段平均直径为(2.89±0.22)mm,与术前比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。MRA示17只兔右颈总动脉明显增粗,而双侧椎动脉略增粗;3只兔颈总动脉增粗不明显,而双侧椎动脉明显增粗。建立兔颈总动脉囊状动脉瘤模型17只,术后均健康成活。DSA示覆膜支架植入前所有动脉瘤及右颈总动脉通畅,4个动脉瘤腔内有少量血栓形成,但无自发性完全闭塞。Willis或镁合金覆膜支架植入术后即刻造影示动脉瘤闭塞,右颈内动脉通畅。术后3个月DSA示16只兔右颈内动脉通畅,1只闭塞。术后6个月DSA示16只兔右颈内动脉通畅。动脉瘤模型的成功率为100%(17/17),覆膜支架植入后右颈总动脉的通畅率为94.1%(16/17)。结论兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型制作的改进提高了动脉瘤模型的成功率及覆膜支架植入后右颈总动脉的通畅率。展开更多
Objective To investigate the role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms in rats.Methods Twenty spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were included in this observational...Objective To investigate the role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms in rats.Methods Twenty spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were included in this observational study. Animals were fed with normal diet and drinking water. No experimental modifications were undertaken in either group. They were sacrificed at one year of age, the bifurcations of the circle of Willis were dissected and longitudinal serial sections were prepared for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic study.Results In the SHR group, 2 of the 20 rats formed an aneurysm respectively at the bifurcations of the basilar artery. As revealed by electron microscopy, injury at the bifurcation of the artery first occurred on the steeper side of the intimal pad. Furthermore, loss of endothelial cells, small depressions on the intima, disruptive internal elastic lamina and lymphocytes or red blood cells infiltration were noted at the steeper side of the intimal pad. No significant changes were observed in WKY group.Conclusions Cerebral aneurysms can form spontaneously in SHR without ligation of the common carotid artery and without a diet containing β-aminoproprionitrile. Long-standing systemic arterial hypertension is one of the etiological factors that contributes to aneurysm formation in SHR rats.展开更多
目的应用三维造型软件建立脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型，探讨其在神经介入术前模拟中的作用。方法选取具有代表性的正常脑血管和脑动脉瘤的DSA资料作为蓝本，利用三维造型软件3D Studio MAX R3分别创建虚拟的脑动脉系统、脑动脉瘤体以及导丝...目的应用三维造型软件建立脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型，探讨其在神经介入术前模拟中的作用。方法选取具有代表性的正常脑血管和脑动脉瘤的DSA资料作为蓝本，利用三维造型软件3D Studio MAX R3分别创建虚拟的脑动脉系统、脑动脉瘤体以及导丝、导管和弹簧圈模型，在计算机上进行神经介入手术前的模拟研究。结果（1）能够提高医生对瘤体与脑动脉之间的三维空间关系及导管走行方向的认识；（2）术前可以建立个体化的虚拟模型，协助医生确定术中投照角度；（3）能够预先计划插管路径、弹簧圈放置的尺寸、位置和数量，并对导管、导丝头端合理塑型；（4）能够作为低年资医师的模拟培训平台。结论脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型为神经介入的术前模拟提供了一种新的研究方法，对于医师培训和指导介入插管操作具有参考作用。展开更多
文摘We modified a three-dimensional cerebral aneurysm model for surgical simulation and educational demonstration. Novel models are made showing perforating arteries arising around the aneurysm. Information about perforating arteries is difficult to obtain from individual radiological data sets. Perforators are therefore reproduced based on previous anatomical knowledge instead of personal data. Due to their fragility, perforating arteries are attached to the model using hard materials. At the same time, hollow models are useful for practicing clip application. We made a model for practicing the application of fenestrated clips for paraclinoid internal carotid aneurysms. Situating aneurysm models in the fissure of a brain model simulates the real surgical field and is helpful for educational demonstrations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51006040,and 51006039)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Hust(Grant Nos.2010QN057 and 2010MS131).
文摘Stent placement is considered as a promising and minimally invasive technique to prevent rupture of aneurysm and favor coagulation mechanism inside the aneurysm.Many scholars study the effect of the stent on blood flow in cerebral aneurysm by numerical simulations,and usually regard blood as the Newtonian fluid,blood,however,is a kind of non-Newtonian fluid in practice.The main purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effect of non-Newtonian behavior on the hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow in stented cerebral aneurysm with lattice Boltzmann method.The Casson model is used to describe the blood non-Newtonian character,which is one of the most popular models in depicting blood fluid.In particular,hemodynamic characteristics derived with Newtonian and non-Newtonian models are studied,and compared in detail.The results show that the non-Newtonian effect gives a great influence on hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow in stented cerebral aneurysm,especially in small necked ones.
文摘目的建立脑动脉瘤的虚拟三维模型并探讨其临床应用价值。方法分别对20例正常脑血管和216例脑动脉瘤的DSA资料进行分析整理,选取具有代表性的DSA资料作为蓝本,利用三维制作软件3D Studio MAX R3创建虚拟的脑动脉系统和动脉瘤模型,并由多名医生评价该模型与DSA图像的相似性,最后考察虚拟模型在临床教学和造影诊断工作中的应用价值。结果①虚拟脑动脉系统与DSA图像相比,在形态上具有相似性,在视觉上更容易理解血管的三维空间关系;②虚拟动脉瘤与DSA图像相比,能正确表现动脉瘤的发生部位、生长方向和形态特点;③在临床教学上能帮助学习者建立并加强血管和动脉瘤的三维空间概念;④通过模拟瘤体和瘤颈的最佳的显示角度,指导血管造影工作角度的选择。结论由软件方法建立的脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型对于形态学研究和指导临床工作具有重要作用。
文摘目的对兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型进行改进,以评价建模的成功率及支架植入后颈总动脉的通畅率。方法取新西兰大白兔20只,饲养1周后行左侧颈内动脉结扎。1个月后行颈部3.0 T MRA检查评价颈动脉与椎动脉的变化情况。采用间断式外翻缝合法吻合静脉囊与颈总动脉,建立侧壁型动脉瘤。在植入覆膜支架前、术后即刻、3个月、6个月行血管造影。结果 20只实验兔均顺利行左侧颈内动脉结扎。MRI示结扎前右颈总动脉中段平均直径为(2.35±0.08)mm,结扎后1个月右颈总动脉中段平均直径为(2.89±0.22)mm,与术前比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。MRA示17只兔右颈总动脉明显增粗,而双侧椎动脉略增粗;3只兔颈总动脉增粗不明显,而双侧椎动脉明显增粗。建立兔颈总动脉囊状动脉瘤模型17只,术后均健康成活。DSA示覆膜支架植入前所有动脉瘤及右颈总动脉通畅,4个动脉瘤腔内有少量血栓形成,但无自发性完全闭塞。Willis或镁合金覆膜支架植入术后即刻造影示动脉瘤闭塞,右颈内动脉通畅。术后3个月DSA示16只兔右颈内动脉通畅,1只闭塞。术后6个月DSA示16只兔右颈内动脉通畅。动脉瘤模型的成功率为100%(17/17),覆膜支架植入后右颈总动脉的通畅率为94.1%(16/17)。结论兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型制作的改进提高了动脉瘤模型的成功率及覆膜支架植入后右颈总动脉的通畅率。
文摘Objective To investigate the role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms in rats.Methods Twenty spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were included in this observational study. Animals were fed with normal diet and drinking water. No experimental modifications were undertaken in either group. They were sacrificed at one year of age, the bifurcations of the circle of Willis were dissected and longitudinal serial sections were prepared for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic study.Results In the SHR group, 2 of the 20 rats formed an aneurysm respectively at the bifurcations of the basilar artery. As revealed by electron microscopy, injury at the bifurcation of the artery first occurred on the steeper side of the intimal pad. Furthermore, loss of endothelial cells, small depressions on the intima, disruptive internal elastic lamina and lymphocytes or red blood cells infiltration were noted at the steeper side of the intimal pad. No significant changes were observed in WKY group.Conclusions Cerebral aneurysms can form spontaneously in SHR without ligation of the common carotid artery and without a diet containing β-aminoproprionitrile. Long-standing systemic arterial hypertension is one of the etiological factors that contributes to aneurysm formation in SHR rats.
文摘目的应用三维造型软件建立脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型，探讨其在神经介入术前模拟中的作用。方法选取具有代表性的正常脑血管和脑动脉瘤的DSA资料作为蓝本，利用三维造型软件3D Studio MAX R3分别创建虚拟的脑动脉系统、脑动脉瘤体以及导丝、导管和弹簧圈模型，在计算机上进行神经介入手术前的模拟研究。结果（1）能够提高医生对瘤体与脑动脉之间的三维空间关系及导管走行方向的认识；（2）术前可以建立个体化的虚拟模型，协助医生确定术中投照角度；（3）能够预先计划插管路径、弹簧圈放置的尺寸、位置和数量，并对导管、导丝头端合理塑型；（4）能够作为低年资医师的模拟培训平台。结论脑动脉瘤虚拟三维模型为神经介入的术前模拟提供了一种新的研究方法，对于医师培训和指导介入插管操作具有参考作用。
