Sea surface electric field observations off the coast from Goa (15°25'N, 73°47'E) to Madras (13°04'N, 80°15'E) around Sri Lanka, in a distance range 25-135 km from coast, during 9-2...Sea surface electric field observations off the coast from Goa (15°25'N, 73°47'E) to Madras (13°04'N, 80°15'E) around Sri Lanka, in a distance range 25-135 km from coast, during 9-20 May 1983 were taken. In this paper we have examined the diurnal variation of electric field in the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal regions covered during the cruise of the research ship ORV Gaveshani. An aspect of electric field dependence on coastal distance and Aitken Nuclei concentration has also been studied. An attempt to examine the latitude dependence of field was also made. Results obtained in the above studies are presented and compared with those obtained elsewhere.展开更多
In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. ...In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. Since airplane travel is the main way for tourists to access islands, airplane travel receives considerable attention in the study of the relationship between island tourism transportation, environment and economy. However, the pa- rameters adopted to estimate ECCE in the literature are usually either out-of-date or taken from papers not written in China. To improve the accuracy of estimates, all the parameters used in this paper are current and were obtained locally. Based on these parameters and a bottom-up approach, a more accurate estimation of ECCE for the off-shore island city of Haikou was obtained in 2012. The results indicate that 24.30% of the city＇s energy con- sumption, 33.89 P J, was due to tourism transportation, while CO2 emissions were 2.54 Mt. It is incorrect to assume that tourism is ＂an industry with no pollution＂. In Haikou, for example, tourism turns out to be the major form of en- ergy consumption in the city. This paper makes several suggestions intended to minimize the negative environ- mental impact from tourism transportation. These include recommending longer stays, a decrease in the number of flights, taxation of airplane emissions, and the setting up an environmental recovery fund.展开更多
研究了 1984—2000 年长江口海域水质溶解态重金属 Hg, Pb, Cd 和 Cu 的分布变化，并初步探讨了其分布机理。长时段多航次分析能使我们更好地了解重金属的总体分布及变化特征，通过历年监测资料的收集、整理和统计，取得了两个基本认识...研究了 1984—2000 年长江口海域水质溶解态重金属 Hg, Pb, Cd 和 Cu 的分布变化，并初步探讨了其分布机理。长时段多航次分析能使我们更好地了解重金属的总体分布及变化特征，通过历年监测资料的收集、整理和统计，取得了两个基本认识：重金属的分布演化具有波动性，沿中值水平线上下变化；高值区分布存在三种基本形式，其中离岸带高值区在长江口海域最具特色，各种分布形式可以相互转化。展开更多
围绕近海风电场群接入电网的规划原则开展研究。系统总结了近海风电场接入电网的输电模式、并网电压等级、升压站无功补偿配置等规划方案选择问题。重点针对多个海上风电场接入同一区域电网时公共连接点(point of common coupling,PCC)...围绕近海风电场群接入电网的规划原则开展研究。系统总结了近海风电场接入电网的输电模式、并网电压等级、升压站无功补偿配置等规划方案选择问题。重点针对多个海上风电场接入同一区域电网时公共连接点(point of common coupling,PCC)点的选择问题进行了研究,通过理论模型分析了影响多个风电场接入后系统电压波动幅度的关键因素和电压波动的计算方法,并提出了PCC点选择的基本原则。通过珠海近海风电场群接入方案规划为实例,对比理论计算和数值仿真分析的结果,验证了所提测算方法的正确性。展开更多
文摘Sea surface electric field observations off the coast from Goa (15°25'N, 73°47'E) to Madras (13°04'N, 80°15'E) around Sri Lanka, in a distance range 25-135 km from coast, during 9-20 May 1983 were taken. In this paper we have examined the diurnal variation of electric field in the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal regions covered during the cruise of the research ship ORV Gaveshani. An aspect of electric field dependence on coastal distance and Aitken Nuclei concentration has also been studied. An attempt to examine the latitude dependence of field was also made. Results obtained in the above studies are presented and compared with those obtained elsewhere.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101044)Key Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(15AGL012)
文摘In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. Since airplane travel is the main way for tourists to access islands, airplane travel receives considerable attention in the study of the relationship between island tourism transportation, environment and economy. However, the pa- rameters adopted to estimate ECCE in the literature are usually either out-of-date or taken from papers not written in China. To improve the accuracy of estimates, all the parameters used in this paper are current and were obtained locally. Based on these parameters and a bottom-up approach, a more accurate estimation of ECCE for the off-shore island city of Haikou was obtained in 2012. The results indicate that 24.30% of the city＇s energy con- sumption, 33.89 P J, was due to tourism transportation, while CO2 emissions were 2.54 Mt. It is incorrect to assume that tourism is ＂an industry with no pollution＂. In Haikou, for example, tourism turns out to be the major form of en- ergy consumption in the city. This paper makes several suggestions intended to minimize the negative environ- mental impact from tourism transportation. These include recommending longer stays, a decrease in the number of flights, taxation of airplane emissions, and the setting up an environmental recovery fund.
文摘研究了 1984—2000 年长江口海域水质溶解态重金属 Hg, Pb, Cd 和 Cu 的分布变化，并初步探讨了其分布机理。长时段多航次分析能使我们更好地了解重金属的总体分布及变化特征，通过历年监测资料的收集、整理和统计，取得了两个基本认识：重金属的分布演化具有波动性，沿中值水平线上下变化；高值区分布存在三种基本形式，其中离岸带高值区在长江口海域最具特色，各种分布形式可以相互转化。
文摘围绕近海风电场群接入电网的规划原则开展研究。系统总结了近海风电场接入电网的输电模式、并网电压等级、升压站无功补偿配置等规划方案选择问题。重点针对多个海上风电场接入同一区域电网时公共连接点(point of common coupling,PCC)点的选择问题进行了研究,通过理论模型分析了影响多个风电场接入后系统电压波动幅度的关键因素和电压波动的计算方法,并提出了PCC点选择的基本原则。通过珠海近海风电场群接入方案规划为实例,对比理论计算和数值仿真分析的结果,验证了所提测算方法的正确性。
