Design for manufacturing, design for assembly, and, in general, design for X, are methods helping an effective generation of industrial products. In parallel with the development of these methods, the research about u...Design for manufacturing, design for assembly, and, in general, design for X, are methods helping an effective generation of industrial products. In parallel with the development of these methods, the research about usability engineering has generated many important results, both from the design, and the evaluation and testing points of view. The research described in this paper aims at evaluating the feasibility of the integration of two new usability methods, the design for innovative usability - DFIU -, and the integrated method for usability evaluation and testing - IMUET -, in an existing design for X named design guidelines collaborative framework - DGLs-CF -. Indeed, the DGLs-CF is a design for multi-X method, given that it covers both the manufacturing and the verification phases of the industrial product lifecycle. All these methods are currently under development by the author’s research group. To evaluate this feasibility, the first task of the research aims at describing and classifying the components of the three methods. Next, these components are semantically related to each other. Finally, the last activity verifies the compatibility between the components of the two usability methods and the data structures of the DGLs-CF to check the feasibility from the implementation point of view. The result of this research will consist of precise indications both for the development of a design for multi-X collaborative framework covering homogeneously the design, manufacturing, verification, and use phases of the industrial product lifecycle, and to be used as a reference for researchers interested in considering the integration of usability issues in their design tools, methods, and processes.展开更多
目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100...目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100例NRDS患儿的MSCT图像中图像质量优42例(42.00%),图像质量良37例(37.00%),图像质量合格20例(20.00%),1例患儿图像质量不合格,图像质量合格率为99.00%,经镇静后重新检查,合格率为100%。100例NRDS患儿中,35例(35.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野呈大片状,且形状不对称,边缘模糊,形成浸润影,双肺背部肺组织改变更明显;20例(20.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺纹理增多,且纹理模糊,沿肺纹理可见斑点状影或模糊小斑片状影;30例(30.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺呈低透亮度,可见磨玻璃样;15例(15.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野密度均升高,且呈白肺,其中10例(10.00%)患儿呈现肺组织受压,纵隔移位至健侧表现。(2)100例NRDS患儿中,58例(58.00%)患儿X线示双肺可见广泛细颗粒网状影,心影、横隔均清晰可见,且伴有支气管充气征;42例(42.00%)患儿X线示双肺野一致性密度升高,见“白肺”及明显支气管充气征,心影、横隔边缘难以分辨;(3)以临床诊断为金标准,MSCT诊断NRDS的准确率为91.00%,敏感度为94.31%,特异性为66.67%;X线诊断N R D S的准确率为80.00%,敏感度为85.22%,特异性为41.67%;MSCT+X线对NRDS的诊断效能最高,诊断准确率为97.00%,敏感度为97.73%,特异性为91.67%。结论低剂量MSCT及X线对NRDS均具备良好的诊断价值,且MSCT相较X线诊断效能更高,但两者联合诊断可进一步提高诊断效能。展开更多
文摘Design for manufacturing, design for assembly, and, in general, design for X, are methods helping an effective generation of industrial products. In parallel with the development of these methods, the research about usability engineering has generated many important results, both from the design, and the evaluation and testing points of view. The research described in this paper aims at evaluating the feasibility of the integration of two new usability methods, the design for innovative usability - DFIU -, and the integrated method for usability evaluation and testing - IMUET -, in an existing design for X named design guidelines collaborative framework - DGLs-CF -. Indeed, the DGLs-CF is a design for multi-X method, given that it covers both the manufacturing and the verification phases of the industrial product lifecycle. All these methods are currently under development by the author’s research group. To evaluate this feasibility, the first task of the research aims at describing and classifying the components of the three methods. Next, these components are semantically related to each other. Finally, the last activity verifies the compatibility between the components of the two usability methods and the data structures of the DGLs-CF to check the feasibility from the implementation point of view. The result of this research will consist of precise indications both for the development of a design for multi-X collaborative framework covering homogeneously the design, manufacturing, verification, and use phases of the industrial product lifecycle, and to be used as a reference for researchers interested in considering the integration of usability issues in their design tools, methods, and processes.
文摘目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100例NRDS患儿的MSCT图像中图像质量优42例(42.00%),图像质量良37例(37.00%),图像质量合格20例(20.00%),1例患儿图像质量不合格,图像质量合格率为99.00%,经镇静后重新检查,合格率为100%。100例NRDS患儿中,35例(35.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野呈大片状,且形状不对称,边缘模糊,形成浸润影,双肺背部肺组织改变更明显;20例(20.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺纹理增多,且纹理模糊,沿肺纹理可见斑点状影或模糊小斑片状影;30例(30.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺呈低透亮度,可见磨玻璃样;15例(15.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野密度均升高,且呈白肺,其中10例(10.00%)患儿呈现肺组织受压,纵隔移位至健侧表现。(2)100例NRDS患儿中,58例(58.00%)患儿X线示双肺可见广泛细颗粒网状影,心影、横隔均清晰可见,且伴有支气管充气征;42例(42.00%)患儿X线示双肺野一致性密度升高,见“白肺”及明显支气管充气征,心影、横隔边缘难以分辨;(3)以临床诊断为金标准,MSCT诊断NRDS的准确率为91.00%,敏感度为94.31%,特异性为66.67%;X线诊断N R D S的准确率为80.00%,敏感度为85.22%,特异性为41.67%;MSCT+X线对NRDS的诊断效能最高,诊断准确率为97.00%,敏感度为97.73%,特异性为91.67%。结论低剂量MSCT及X线对NRDS均具备良好的诊断价值,且MSCT相较X线诊断效能更高,但两者联合诊断可进一步提高诊断效能。
文摘介绍了碳纳米管(Carbon Nano Tube, CNT)冷阴极X射线源及分布式X射线源的概念、构成和发展历史,总结了CNT冷阴极的3个特点:(1)结构简单、体积小,易于高密度集成;(2)常温工作、控制简单且无热管理问题;(3)阴极电流和工作寿命达到应用需求。详细介绍了国内外冷阴极分布式X射线源的研究进展情况。国外多个单位的CNT冷阴极分布式X射线源、医疗静态三维成像系统及静态安检CT;国内的研究和应用已处于领先地位,实现了焦点数量从7个增加到256个,阳极工作电流从7 mA提高到50 mA,阳极电压最高200 kV。工作寿命达数万小时的CNT冷阴极分布式X射线源已产品化,且已在安检、工业和医疗领域取得了积极的应用:安检静态CT检测通道尺寸超过1 m,检测速度已经达到1.5 m/s,通过中国民航和欧洲民航会议(European Civil Aviation Conference, ECAC)最高等级3.1的认证,已投入运行近百套;高速工业CT可实现10 f/s的高速成像,在高速流场分析、烧蚀过程分析及运动疲劳分析等过程分析中发挥重要作用;牙科3D成像设备获得美国食品药物管理局(Food and Drug Administration, FDA)认证并销售近百套;移动式胸部层析成像在北美放射学年会(Radiological Society of North America, RSNA)获得较高关注度。随着CNT冷阴极分布式X射线源的技术特性日益清晰,静态三维成像系统技术的优势得到验证,国际知名企业纷纷加入研究队伍,标志着该项技术及应用即将步入快速发展阶段。
