摘要
新型分布式X射线源有望推动层析成像的发展,关键器件分布式X射线管内部集成有数量众多的阴极-阳极组件,其新型真空腔体和射线窗结构需要重点研究。以胸部层析成像应用为目标,开展了分布式X射线管的长柱型真空腔体和长线型射线窗的结构设计,通过有限元模拟仿真,分析了不同结构方案的应力分布和腔体变形量,提出了一种分段多窗的结构方案,并进行设计加工和验证测试。完成了医用63焦点分布式X射线管的优化设计,真空腔体壁厚3 mm,线阵排布的7个窗引出X射线,每个焦点的出束射野都可以完整覆盖射线管中心正前方的43 cm×43 cm大小探测器,射线管实测重量为35.6 kg,各面最大内凹变形量为0.31 mm,X射线窗宽度最大变形量为0.092 mm,真空腔体的最大应力模拟计算结果为1.692×10^(8)N/m^(2),各项指标达到预期要求。有限元模拟仿真分析有效指导了结构设计,真空腔体整体达到了重量轻、变形量小、应力低的目标,对该类型的真空腔体结构设计具有较好的参考作用。
The novel multi-beam X-ray source is expected to advance the development of tomosynthesis imaging.As a key component,the multi-beam X-ray tube integrates numerous cathode-anode assemblies within its internal structure.Its innovative vacuum chamber and X-ray window structures require focused research.Targeting chest tomosynthesis applications,this study conducted the structural design of a long cylindrical vacuum chamber and a linear array X-ray window for a multi-beam X-ray tube.Finite element simulation and analysis were conducted to evaluate the stress distribution and chamber deformation across different structural configurations.A segmented multi-window design was proposed,followed by design,fabrication and validation testing.An optimized design was achieved for a medical-grade multi-beam X-ray tube with 63 focal spots.The vacuum chamber has a wall thickness of 3 mm,with seven linearly arranged windows emitting X-rays.Each focal spot’s beam fully covers a 43 cm×43 cm detector positioned centrally ahead.The measured weight of the X-ray tube is 35.6 kg.The maximum inward deformation of each surface is 0.31 mm,and the maximum deformation width of the X-ray window is 0.092 mm.The maximum stress of the vacuum chamber,as calculated through finite element simulation,is 1.692×10^(8)N/m^(2).All performance indicators meet the expected requirements.The finite element analysis effectively guided the structural optimization,enabling the vacuum chamber to achieve a lightweight design,minimal deformation and low stress levels.This work offers a valuable reference for the structure design of vacuum chambers in similar applications.
作者
唐华平
荆增儒
马法杰
李国宇
李少华
陈志强
TANG Huaping;JING Zengru;MA Fajie;LI Guoyu;LI Shaohua;CHEN Zhiqiang(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;NuRay Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213000,China)
出处
《真空科学与技术学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期726-732,共7页
Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(12327809)。
关键词
胸部层析成像
分布式X射线管
腔体结构
多射线窗
有限元仿真
Chest tomosynthesis
Multi-beam X-ray tube
Chamber structure
Multi-port X-ray windows
Finite element simulation
