The adsorption of Methyl Violet （MV） cationic dye from aqueous solution was carried out by using crosslinked poly （acrylic acid-coacrylamide）/attapulgite （Poly（AA-co-AM）/ATP） composite as adsorbent. The factor...The adsorption of Methyl Violet （MV） cationic dye from aqueous solution was carried out by using crosslinked poly （acrylic acid-coacrylamide）/attapulgite （Poly（AA-co-AM）/ATP） composite as adsorbent. The factors influencing adsorption capacity of the composite such as pH, concentration of the dye, temperature, contact time, adsorbent dosage, ionic strength and surfactant were systematically investigated. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 1194 mg/g at 30℃. The thermodynamic parameters including △G0, △H0 and △S0 for the adsorption processes of MV on the composite were also calculated, and the negative △H0 and △G0 confirmed that the adsorption process was exothermicand spontaneous. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the desorption studies revealed that the regeneration of the composite adsorbent can be easily achieved.展开更多
Herein,palygorskite（PAL）was activated via a simple hydrothermal process in the presence of ammonium sulfide,and the effects of activation on the microstructure,physico-chemical feature and adsorption behaviors of PA...Herein,palygorskite（PAL）was activated via a simple hydrothermal process in the presence of ammonium sulfide,and the effects of activation on the microstructure,physico-chemical feature and adsorption behaviors of PAL were intensively investigated.The hydrothermal process evidently improved the dispersion of PAL crystal bundles,increased surface negative charges and built more active –Si–O-groups served as the new＂adsorption sites＂.The adsorption property of the activated PAL for Methyl Violet（MV）was systematically investigated by optimizing the adsorption variables,including p H,ionic strength,contact time and initial MV concentration.The activated PAL exhibited a superior adsorption capability to the raw PAL for the removal of MV（from 156.05 to 218.11 mg/g）.The kinetics for MV adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetic models,while the isotherm and thermodynamics results showed that the adsorption pattern well followed the Langmuir model.The structure analysis of PAL before and after adsorption demonstrated that electrostatic interaction and chemical association of –X–O-are the prominent driving forces for the adsorption process.展开更多
In recent years, the discharge of dye-laden effluents from the textile industries into the aquatic environment has increased considerably. These industries are among the largest consumers of water. They generate huge ...In recent years, the discharge of dye-laden effluents from the textile industries into the aquatic environment has increased considerably. These industries are among the largest consumers of water. They generate huge amounts of pollutants from their huge discharge of toxic effluents and pose serious public health problems. So, this study focuses on the use of the mixture of titaniferous sand and attapulgite for the removal of methyl violet by adsorption in discontinuous mode. The different adsorbents were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and their different physico-chemical properties such as pH, zero charge potential, bulk and absolute density, porosity and specific surface area were determined. The response surfaces, through the Box-Behnken model, were used to model and optimize the operating conditions. The different factors studied were the ratio of titaniferous sand and attapulgite, the initial concentration of methyl violet and the pH. These vary between 1.25 and 8, 20 and 100 mg/L, 4 and 10 respectively. The results obtained after statistical analysis of the data show that the optimum mixture ratio is 2, the optimum concentration is 99.92 mg/L and the optimum pH is 9.88 corresponding to a maximum capacity of 5.52 mg/g and a maximum removal efficiency of 99.56%. The study of the effects of the different factors showed that the initial concentration of methyl violet and the pH significantly influence the adsorption capacity and the removal efficiency of the dye.展开更多
Adsorption on activated carbon is one of the most widely used methods for the removal of dyes. The objective of this study is to valorize the shells of Saba senegalensis from local product in Senegal in the form of ac...Adsorption on activated carbon is one of the most widely used methods for the removal of dyes. The objective of this study is to valorize the shells of Saba senegalensis from local product in Senegal in the form of activated carbon and to test its effectiveness for the removal of methyl violet. The study was carried out in batch mode for a maximum duration of one hour with 100 mL of solution treated at 600 rpm. The results reveal that the granulometry 500 μm gives the best yield with an adsorption rate of 95%, a mass of adsorbent of 0.2 g gives an adsorption capacity of 20 mg/g, the contact time of one hour with a capacity of 5 mg/g. The study also showed that the adsorption process of methyl violet is described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model with correlation coefficient of 0.99. Two adsorption isotherms were studied, and the results revealed that the Freundlich model better describes the adsorption of methyl violet on Saba senegalensis shell residue-based activated carbon (SSSRAC). The results indicate that SSSRAC could be used as a low-cost alternative for the removal of textile dyes such as methyl violet.展开更多
Purpose:.To compare the merits and limitations of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and methyl violet staining for displaying ghost cells from vitreous or aqueous humor.Methods:.A specimen containing ghost cells was adjusted to f...Purpose:.To compare the merits and limitations of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and methyl violet staining for displaying ghost cells from vitreous or aqueous humor.Methods:.A specimen containing ghost cells was adjusted to five different concentrations:(12×104,.10×104,.8×104, 6×104and 4×104cells / ml) and subjected to smearing and methyl violet and HE staining..The staining results were observed by light microscopy.Results: The ghost cells were readily observed at a cell density of > 8×104cells / ml with methyl violet staining,.but only a few cells were occasionally seen at lower cell densities..In contrast,.ghost cells were seen at all cell densities with HE staining.Conclusion: Methyl violet staining is more rapid and simpler for the identification of ghost cells, but its staining color more readily fades, the slides cannot be stored, and it is only effective at a cell density of > 8 ×104cells / ml. In contrast,.HE staining is more time-consuming but it can display cell morphology and distinguish cell components more explicitly and slides can be permanently stored. HE staining has advantages over methyl violet staining in detecting the ghost cells when the concentration is < 8×104cells / ml.展开更多
基金supported by the Western Action Project of Chinese Academy of Science (No.KGCX2-YW-501)the Taihu Project of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Office (No.BS2007118,BE2008087)the Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Chemistry of West China,Hexi University(No.XZ0606)
文摘The adsorption of Methyl Violet （MV） cationic dye from aqueous solution was carried out by using crosslinked poly （acrylic acid-coacrylamide）/attapulgite （Poly（AA-co-AM）/ATP） composite as adsorbent. The factors influencing adsorption capacity of the composite such as pH, concentration of the dye, temperature, contact time, adsorbent dosage, ionic strength and surfactant were systematically investigated. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 1194 mg/g at 30℃. The thermodynamic parameters including △G0, △H0 and △S0 for the adsorption processes of MV on the composite were also calculated, and the negative △H0 and △G0 confirmed that the adsorption process was exothermicand spontaneous. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the desorption studies revealed that the regeneration of the composite adsorbent can be easily achieved.
基金supported by the“863”Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology,People's Republic of China(No.2013AA032003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51403221)
文摘Herein,palygorskite（PAL）was activated via a simple hydrothermal process in the presence of ammonium sulfide,and the effects of activation on the microstructure,physico-chemical feature and adsorption behaviors of PAL were intensively investigated.The hydrothermal process evidently improved the dispersion of PAL crystal bundles,increased surface negative charges and built more active –Si–O-groups served as the new＂adsorption sites＂.The adsorption property of the activated PAL for Methyl Violet（MV）was systematically investigated by optimizing the adsorption variables,including p H,ionic strength,contact time and initial MV concentration.The activated PAL exhibited a superior adsorption capability to the raw PAL for the removal of MV（from 156.05 to 218.11 mg/g）.The kinetics for MV adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetic models,while the isotherm and thermodynamics results showed that the adsorption pattern well followed the Langmuir model.The structure analysis of PAL before and after adsorption demonstrated that electrostatic interaction and chemical association of –X–O-are the prominent driving forces for the adsorption process.
文摘In recent years, the discharge of dye-laden effluents from the textile industries into the aquatic environment has increased considerably. These industries are among the largest consumers of water. They generate huge amounts of pollutants from their huge discharge of toxic effluents and pose serious public health problems. So, this study focuses on the use of the mixture of titaniferous sand and attapulgite for the removal of methyl violet by adsorption in discontinuous mode. The different adsorbents were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and their different physico-chemical properties such as pH, zero charge potential, bulk and absolute density, porosity and specific surface area were determined. The response surfaces, through the Box-Behnken model, were used to model and optimize the operating conditions. The different factors studied were the ratio of titaniferous sand and attapulgite, the initial concentration of methyl violet and the pH. These vary between 1.25 and 8, 20 and 100 mg/L, 4 and 10 respectively. The results obtained after statistical analysis of the data show that the optimum mixture ratio is 2, the optimum concentration is 99.92 mg/L and the optimum pH is 9.88 corresponding to a maximum capacity of 5.52 mg/g and a maximum removal efficiency of 99.56%. The study of the effects of the different factors showed that the initial concentration of methyl violet and the pH significantly influence the adsorption capacity and the removal efficiency of the dye.
文摘Adsorption on activated carbon is one of the most widely used methods for the removal of dyes. The objective of this study is to valorize the shells of Saba senegalensis from local product in Senegal in the form of activated carbon and to test its effectiveness for the removal of methyl violet. The study was carried out in batch mode for a maximum duration of one hour with 100 mL of solution treated at 600 rpm. The results reveal that the granulometry 500 μm gives the best yield with an adsorption rate of 95%, a mass of adsorbent of 0.2 g gives an adsorption capacity of 20 mg/g, the contact time of one hour with a capacity of 5 mg/g. The study also showed that the adsorption process of methyl violet is described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model with correlation coefficient of 0.99. Two adsorption isotherms were studied, and the results revealed that the Freundlich model better describes the adsorption of methyl violet on Saba senegalensis shell residue-based activated carbon (SSSRAC). The results indicate that SSSRAC could be used as a low-cost alternative for the removal of textile dyes such as methyl violet.
文摘Purpose:.To compare the merits and limitations of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and methyl violet staining for displaying ghost cells from vitreous or aqueous humor.Methods:.A specimen containing ghost cells was adjusted to five different concentrations:(12×104,.10×104,.8×104, 6×104and 4×104cells / ml) and subjected to smearing and methyl violet and HE staining..The staining results were observed by light microscopy.Results: The ghost cells were readily observed at a cell density of > 8×104cells / ml with methyl violet staining,.but only a few cells were occasionally seen at lower cell densities..In contrast,.ghost cells were seen at all cell densities with HE staining.Conclusion: Methyl violet staining is more rapid and simpler for the identification of ghost cells, but its staining color more readily fades, the slides cannot be stored, and it is only effective at a cell density of > 8 ×104cells / ml. In contrast,.HE staining is more time-consuming but it can display cell morphology and distinguish cell components more explicitly and slides can be permanently stored. HE staining has advantages over methyl violet staining in detecting the ghost cells when the concentration is < 8×104cells / ml.
