Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T...Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T3),and reverse T3.This condition,often considered to be an adaptive response aimed at conserving energy,can become maladaptive in prolonged critical illness,contributing to poor outcomes in intensive care unit patients.The pathophysiology of NTIS involves cytokine-driven alterations in thyroid hormone(TH)metabolism,impaired hormone transport,and reduced receptor sensitivity,which-collectively-suppress thyroid function.Despite these insights,the therapeutic role of TH replacement in patients with NTIS remains uncertain.Low doses of levothyroxine and T3 have been trialed,particularly in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities,but clinical studies report conflicting results regarding their impact on mortality and overall patient outcomes.While some evidence suggests potential benefits of T3 administration in specific subgroups,such as patients with septic shock or severe coronavirus disease 2019,robust clinical trials have yet to conclusively demonstrate improved survival or recovery.The heterogeneity in NTIS presen-tation and treatment protocols,as well as the complex nature of TH regulation in critically ill patients,complicates efforts to establish clear guidelines for hormone therapy.Future research should prioritize individualized approaches,optimizing hormone dosing and timing,while aiming to elucidate the long-term effects of such interventions on critically ill patients to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes.展开更多
The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 f...The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 for 2 hevery 5 dsys resulted in significant increase in both weight and length.but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37day treatment period.Immersion in 0.1 mg:1 T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality.In the second study.injection of 2 μg reGH(gwk)caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4-week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4-6).Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg (gwk) resulted in a significant展开更多
L-茶氨酸(L-Theanine,LTA)是茶叶中独特的游离氨基酸,是茶汤鲜爽味的主要来源,具有多种生物活性,属于新食品原料。本文基于Citespace和VOSviewer对Web of Science核心数据库和中国知网数据库,对2014~2024年LTA相关文献进行可视化分析,...L-茶氨酸(L-Theanine,LTA)是茶叶中独特的游离氨基酸,是茶汤鲜爽味的主要来源,具有多种生物活性,属于新食品原料。本文基于Citespace和VOSviewer对Web of Science核心数据库和中国知网数据库,对2014~2024年LTA相关文献进行可视化分析,其中关键词密度和贡献图谱结果显示LTA相关研究集中在茶叶类型、胁迫反应、LTA的生物活性等方面。因此,本文综述了茶叶LTA含量的影响因素,并重点阐述LTA生物活性作用机制,包括抗氧化、抗热应激、抗抑郁、调节代谢、抗癌、调节免疫、调节肠道菌群、保护神经系统、保护肝脏和保护肠道的作用机制,发现LTA主要通过调控核因子κB(Nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)、信号传导及转录激活因子(Signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)等信号通路发挥生物活性功能,并总结了当前LTA在食品产业中的实际应用。本文可为LTA的研究和发展提供方向,并为开发LTA功能性食品提供一定的参考。展开更多
目的 探讨铝碳酸镁咀嚼片联合L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗儿童呕吐的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2024年01月至2024年12月在本院儿科就诊的呕吐102例患儿,根据治疗方式分为对照组和联合治疗组各51例。对照组给予铝碳酸镁咀嚼片治疗,联合...目的 探讨铝碳酸镁咀嚼片联合L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗儿童呕吐的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2024年01月至2024年12月在本院儿科就诊的呕吐102例患儿,根据治疗方式分为对照组和联合治疗组各51例。对照组给予铝碳酸镁咀嚼片治疗,联合治疗组在对照组基础上加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗。比较两组治疗前后呕吐症状评分、症状缓解时间、胃肠功能改善指标(肠鸣音恢复时间、肠鸣音频率、首次排气、腹胀评分)、不良反应发生率。结果 治疗后,联合治疗组呕吐症状评分(2.13±0.71分)低于对照组(3.57±0.91分),症状缓解时间(22.67±6.83h)短于对照组(38.53±9.21h),联合治疗组肠鸣音恢复时间(16.83±5.47h vs 28.47±7.31h)、首次排气时间(10.14±1.83h vs 15.96±2.47h)及腹胀评分(1.56±0.63 vs 2.92±0.81)改善更显著,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.703,P=0.402)。结论 铝碳酸镁咀嚼片联合L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗儿童呕吐能显著改善临床症状,促进胃肠功能恢复,且安全性良好,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
为明确L-香芹酮的熏蒸抑菌活性和其作用机制,本研究利用菌丝生长速率法测定了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢、核盘菌、齐整小核菌、禾谷镰孢、胶孢炭疽菌5种植物病原菌的熏蒸抑制作用,采用孢子萌发法进一步探究了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢的作用,通过扫...为明确L-香芹酮的熏蒸抑菌活性和其作用机制,本研究利用菌丝生长速率法测定了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢、核盘菌、齐整小核菌、禾谷镰孢、胶孢炭疽菌5种植物病原菌的熏蒸抑制作用,采用孢子萌发法进一步探究了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢的作用,通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察熏蒸处理后灰葡萄孢菌丝微观形态和亚细胞结构的变化,利用PI染色观察细胞膜的损伤情况,并测定L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢麦角甾醇合成、细胞膜胞外电导率、蛋白质和核酸含量的影响,开展了L-香芹酮对草莓灰霉病的离体防效试验。结果显示,L-香芹酮对5种植物病原菌菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,熏蒸72 h EC_(50)在5.29~18.69μL/L之间。对灰葡萄孢孢子萌发的EC_(50)为11.78μL/L;经L-香芹酮熏蒸处理后灰葡萄孢菌丝干瘪,扭曲,细胞器结构紊乱;PI染色结果表明,L-香芹酮熏蒸处理严重影响灰葡萄孢细胞膜的完整性,EC_(50)和EC_(90)剂量处理组麦角甾醇含量分别降低27.3%和43.2%,胞内物质外泄,菌丝液的相对电导率上升,蛋白质和核酸类物质外渗程度高于对照。EC_(90)剂量熏蒸处理对草莓灰霉病治疗和保护防控效果分别为85.43%和90.31%。综上,L-香芹酮可通过破坏灰葡萄孢细胞膜的完整性和通透性来发挥抑菌功效,对草莓灰霉病有较好的防治效果,该结果为新型植物源熏蒸杀菌剂的开发提供了新思路。展开更多
文摘Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T3),and reverse T3.This condition,often considered to be an adaptive response aimed at conserving energy,can become maladaptive in prolonged critical illness,contributing to poor outcomes in intensive care unit patients.The pathophysiology of NTIS involves cytokine-driven alterations in thyroid hormone(TH)metabolism,impaired hormone transport,and reduced receptor sensitivity,which-collectively-suppress thyroid function.Despite these insights,the therapeutic role of TH replacement in patients with NTIS remains uncertain.Low doses of levothyroxine and T3 have been trialed,particularly in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities,but clinical studies report conflicting results regarding their impact on mortality and overall patient outcomes.While some evidence suggests potential benefits of T3 administration in specific subgroups,such as patients with septic shock or severe coronavirus disease 2019,robust clinical trials have yet to conclusively demonstrate improved survival or recovery.The heterogeneity in NTIS presen-tation and treatment protocols,as well as the complex nature of TH regulation in critically ill patients,complicates efforts to establish clear guidelines for hormone therapy.Future research should prioritize individualized approaches,optimizing hormone dosing and timing,while aiming to elucidate the long-term effects of such interventions on critically ill patients to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes.
文摘The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 for 2 hevery 5 dsys resulted in significant increase in both weight and length.but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37day treatment period.Immersion in 0.1 mg:1 T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality.In the second study.injection of 2 μg reGH(gwk)caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4-week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4-6).Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg (gwk) resulted in a significant
文摘L-茶氨酸(L-Theanine,LTA)是茶叶中独特的游离氨基酸,是茶汤鲜爽味的主要来源,具有多种生物活性,属于新食品原料。本文基于Citespace和VOSviewer对Web of Science核心数据库和中国知网数据库,对2014~2024年LTA相关文献进行可视化分析,其中关键词密度和贡献图谱结果显示LTA相关研究集中在茶叶类型、胁迫反应、LTA的生物活性等方面。因此,本文综述了茶叶LTA含量的影响因素,并重点阐述LTA生物活性作用机制,包括抗氧化、抗热应激、抗抑郁、调节代谢、抗癌、调节免疫、调节肠道菌群、保护神经系统、保护肝脏和保护肠道的作用机制,发现LTA主要通过调控核因子κB(Nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)、信号传导及转录激活因子(Signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)等信号通路发挥生物活性功能,并总结了当前LTA在食品产业中的实际应用。本文可为LTA的研究和发展提供方向,并为开发LTA功能性食品提供一定的参考。
文摘目的 探讨铝碳酸镁咀嚼片联合L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗儿童呕吐的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2024年01月至2024年12月在本院儿科就诊的呕吐102例患儿,根据治疗方式分为对照组和联合治疗组各51例。对照组给予铝碳酸镁咀嚼片治疗,联合治疗组在对照组基础上加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗。比较两组治疗前后呕吐症状评分、症状缓解时间、胃肠功能改善指标(肠鸣音恢复时间、肠鸣音频率、首次排气、腹胀评分)、不良反应发生率。结果 治疗后,联合治疗组呕吐症状评分(2.13±0.71分)低于对照组(3.57±0.91分),症状缓解时间(22.67±6.83h)短于对照组(38.53±9.21h),联合治疗组肠鸣音恢复时间(16.83±5.47h vs 28.47±7.31h)、首次排气时间(10.14±1.83h vs 15.96±2.47h)及腹胀评分(1.56±0.63 vs 2.92±0.81)改善更显著,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.703,P=0.402)。结论 铝碳酸镁咀嚼片联合L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗儿童呕吐能显著改善临床症状,促进胃肠功能恢复,且安全性良好,值得临床推广应用。
文摘为明确L-香芹酮的熏蒸抑菌活性和其作用机制,本研究利用菌丝生长速率法测定了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢、核盘菌、齐整小核菌、禾谷镰孢、胶孢炭疽菌5种植物病原菌的熏蒸抑制作用,采用孢子萌发法进一步探究了L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢的作用,通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察熏蒸处理后灰葡萄孢菌丝微观形态和亚细胞结构的变化,利用PI染色观察细胞膜的损伤情况,并测定L-香芹酮对灰葡萄孢麦角甾醇合成、细胞膜胞外电导率、蛋白质和核酸含量的影响,开展了L-香芹酮对草莓灰霉病的离体防效试验。结果显示,L-香芹酮对5种植物病原菌菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,熏蒸72 h EC_(50)在5.29~18.69μL/L之间。对灰葡萄孢孢子萌发的EC_(50)为11.78μL/L;经L-香芹酮熏蒸处理后灰葡萄孢菌丝干瘪,扭曲,细胞器结构紊乱;PI染色结果表明,L-香芹酮熏蒸处理严重影响灰葡萄孢细胞膜的完整性,EC_(50)和EC_(90)剂量处理组麦角甾醇含量分别降低27.3%和43.2%,胞内物质外泄,菌丝液的相对电导率上升,蛋白质和核酸类物质外渗程度高于对照。EC_(90)剂量熏蒸处理对草莓灰霉病治疗和保护防控效果分别为85.43%和90.31%。综上,L-香芹酮可通过破坏灰葡萄孢细胞膜的完整性和通透性来发挥抑菌功效,对草莓灰霉病有较好的防治效果,该结果为新型植物源熏蒸杀菌剂的开发提供了新思路。
