As global trade governance increasingly incorporates environmental standards,mechanisms such as the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)create growing compliance pressures and cost burdens for China’s manufact...As global trade governance increasingly incorporates environmental standards,mechanisms such as the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)create growing compliance pressures and cost burdens for China’s manufacturing sector.This study examines the transmission mechanisms through which green trade barriers(GTBs)affect firm-level innovation and competitiveness.The analysis identifies several structural constraints that may limit the effectiveness of innovation-based adaptation:an energy system constraint associated with the high carbon intensity of the national power grid;a resource-allocation dilemma in which short-term compliance costs may reduce long-term R&D investment;disparities in carbon accounting and digital capabilities;and a strategic tendency toward product-level compliance rather than deeper process-oriented decarbonization.In response to these constraints,this study proposes an implementation framework structured around an Actor-Tool-Timeline matrix.Policy recommendations include promoting green power trading through reforms in energy-use allocation,expanding transition finance to ease adjustment pressures on SMEs,and developing public digital platforms for carbon verification.Furthermore,the study argues that sustained long-term competitiveness depends on stronger indigenous innovation capacity and greater participation in international rule-making,while drawing on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities(CBDR)to respond to emerging forms of environmentally driven trade restriction.展开更多
文摘As global trade governance increasingly incorporates environmental standards,mechanisms such as the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)create growing compliance pressures and cost burdens for China’s manufacturing sector.This study examines the transmission mechanisms through which green trade barriers(GTBs)affect firm-level innovation and competitiveness.The analysis identifies several structural constraints that may limit the effectiveness of innovation-based adaptation:an energy system constraint associated with the high carbon intensity of the national power grid;a resource-allocation dilemma in which short-term compliance costs may reduce long-term R&D investment;disparities in carbon accounting and digital capabilities;and a strategic tendency toward product-level compliance rather than deeper process-oriented decarbonization.In response to these constraints,this study proposes an implementation framework structured around an Actor-Tool-Timeline matrix.Policy recommendations include promoting green power trading through reforms in energy-use allocation,expanding transition finance to ease adjustment pressures on SMEs,and developing public digital platforms for carbon verification.Furthermore,the study argues that sustained long-term competitiveness depends on stronger indigenous innovation capacity and greater participation in international rule-making,while drawing on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities(CBDR)to respond to emerging forms of environmentally driven trade restriction.
文摘从2023年1月1日起,欧盟启动碳边境调节机制,碳关税和碳边境词汇成为研究热点。运用CiteSpace可视化工具,围绕碳关税或碳边境展开的研究中,中国知网(CNKI)从2001年到2025年3月搜索到2 217篇文章相关文章,发文量呈现双峰型,频率排名前三的关键词分别是:“碳关税”“低碳经济”“碳税”,热点词汇的周期明显变长,热点词汇从问题描述转向解决问题描述,热点词汇更加聚焦。Web of Science从2001年到2025年3月搜索到2 160篇文章,发文量呈现单调递增型,2024年达到334篇。排名前三的关键词分别是:“影响”“气候变化”“二氧化碳”,2020年之前研究热点集中在自然科学,之后热点逐渐往社会科学转移,2025年研究热点更多讨论制度和技术问题。关于碳关税和碳边境相关问题提出五点研究展望:(1)针对碳关税建立新的模型;(2)打通碳排放的数据链、算力链和政策链,着力解决公平性的问题;(3)制定规范的碳关税征收规则和碳定价方法;(4)聚焦某一行业的研究,比如钢铁、铝、水泥、化肥等;(5)围绕以“碳”为中心的全球治理以及产业再分工会的研究。
