High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating gen...High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating genetics and breeding in melon(Cucumis melo L.),a globally cultivated economically important horticultural crop.Based on over eight million SNPs derived from 823 representative melon accessions,16K,8K,4K,2K,1K,500,250 and 125 informative SNPs were screened and evaluated for their polymorphisms,conservation of flanking sequences,and distributions.The set of 2K SNPs was found to be optimal for representing the maximum diversity with the lowest number of SNPs,and it was selected to develop the liquid chip,named“Melon2K”.Using Melon2K,more than 1500 SNPs were detected across 17 samples of five melon cultivars,and the phylogenetic relationships were clearly constructed.Within the same cultivar,genetic differences were also assessed between different samples.We evaluated the performance of Melon2K in genetic background selection during the breeding process,obtaining the introgression lines of interested trait with more than 97%genetic background of elite variety by only two rounds of backcrossing.These results suggest that Melon2K provides a cost-effective,efficient and reliable platform for genetic analysis and molecular breeding in melon.展开更多
Melon(Cucumis melo L.)is a globally important fruit crop appreciated for its sweet taste,unique aroma,and nutritional value(Kaleem et al.,2024).Aroma,shaped by volatile organic compounds(VOCs),is a key trait influenci...Melon(Cucumis melo L.)is a globally important fruit crop appreciated for its sweet taste,unique aroma,and nutritional value(Kaleem et al.,2024).Aroma,shaped by volatile organic compounds(VOCs),is a key trait influencing consumer preference.These VOCs are mainly derived from amino acids,fatty acids,and terpenoid pathways(Chen et al.,2023).Esters contribute to fruity and sweet notes,whereas terpenes and C_(9) aldehydes/alcohols impart floral and melon-like aromas,respectively(Mayobre et al.,2024).展开更多
Stigma color plays an important role in pollination.In nature,melon(Cucumis melo L.)stigmas are either yellow or green;however,a review of the literature found no report on how stigma color affects pollination and fru...Stigma color plays an important role in pollination.In nature,melon(Cucumis melo L.)stigmas are either yellow or green;however,a review of the literature found no report on how stigma color affects pollination and fruit development in melon.Here,we used an F_(2)melon population derived from a cross between‘MR-1’(P_(1),with green stigmas)and‘M1–32’(P_(2),with yellow stigmas),and performed genetic analysis and mapping.The results of bulked segregant analysis allowed the identification of genetic loci controlling stigma color on chromosomes 6 and 8.An F2 population consisting of 150 individuals was used for initial mapping.A genetic map of 304.17 cM was constructed using 37 cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence(CAPS)markers.We identified one major quantitative trait locus(QTL)and one minor QTL for stigma color.The major QTL GS8.1 was further mapped to a 4.13 cM interval between CAPS markers 8C-10 and 8C-16,which explained 27.04%of the phenotypic variation.In addition,GS6.1 was mapped between E-49 and 6A-7,explaining 18.6%of the phenotypic variation.This study provides a theoretical basis for the fine mapping and cloning of melon genes controlling stigma color.展开更多
The use of organic waste for the preparation of seedling substrates is an important environmental and economic option. In this perspective, substrates using biochar emerges as an alternative for seedling production du...The use of organic waste for the preparation of seedling substrates is an important environmental and economic option. In this perspective, substrates using biochar emerges as an alternative for seedling production due to their favorable physical and chemical characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of doses of poultry litter biochar as a substrate constituent for the production and quality of the seedlings. The work was conducted in a semi protected environment, belonging to the Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG. The statistical design used was completely randomized in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of 6 doses of biochar (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 t<span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>) and two varieties of melon (Yellow and Hales Best Jumbo) with 4 repetitions totaling 48 experimental units. The fresh and dry plant phytomass mass (aerial, roots and total), root length and the quality of seedlings were evaluated. It was concluded that the addition of poultry litter biochar to the substrate was beneficial, promoting an increase in the analyzed seedling variables, being the ideal dose for good development of melon seedlings 12 t<span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>. The Yellow variety presented a better response than the Hales Best Jumbo to the charcoal application. Considering the advantages of the use of poultry litter biochar on the substrate composition, found in the present study, its utilization constitutes a viable alternative for the development of melon seedlings and for the environmental disposal of the poultry litter.展开更多
Modeling of fruit morphological formation in melon is important for realizing virtual and digital plant growth.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in patterns of fruit growth characters during ...Modeling of fruit morphological formation in melon is important for realizing virtual and digital plant growth.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in patterns of fruit growth characters during plant development.In cultivar experiments,a high-resolution wireless vision sensor network has been developed to realize non-contact automatic uninterrupted measurement of the fruit shape micro-change （fruit size,color,and net）.Results showed that the fruit swelling process （vertical and horizontal diameters） exhibited a slow-rapid-slow pattern,which could be well described with a logistic curve against growing degree days （GDD）;fruit color changes based on the RGB values could be represented by quadratic relationship to cumulative GDD;the fruit net changes over growth progress could be partitioned into three phases according to the time interval.The first phase was from 1 to 30 days after pollination （DAP）,in which the vertical stripe appeared at fruit middle part and the horizontal stripe at fruit petiole and hilum part as well;the second phase was from 30 to 40 DAP,the horizontal stripe occurred at fruit middle part and the net was formed;the third phase was the process started from 40 DAP,the netted breadth and thickness were gradually increased.The model was validated with the independent data from the experiment,and the mean RMSE （root mean square error） of fruit were 0.36 and 0.28 cm for vertical and horizontal diameters,11.9 for fruit color,and 0.45 cm for stripe length and diameter at varied GDD,respectively.This work is beneficial to a reliable foundation for study the relationship between morphological formation and physiological change of the melon fruit internally and then realize the intelligent precision management to improve the yield and quality of greenhouse melon production.展开更多
为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆...为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆的安全性。结果表明:ALS抑制类除草剂在药后3、7 d对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的防除效果不佳,药后14 d有所提升,其中噻吩磺隆对2种杂草的鲜重抑制率达88.31%~94.61%。PPO抑制类除草剂苯嘧磺草胺、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈、氨唑草酮处理后对鳢肠的防除效果在药后3、7、14 d整体均表现为良好,其中70%苯嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂(WDG)26.25~78.75 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L灭草松水剂(AS)540~1440 g a.i./hm^(2)、30%辛酰溴苯腈乳油(EC)168.75~405 g a.i./hm^(2)处理的鲜重抑制率均达100.00%,防除效果理想。PPO抑制类除草剂28%三氟羧草醚微乳剂(ME)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)、10%乙羧氟草醚EC 60~90 g a.i./hm^(2)、250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)处理在施用后7、14 d,其对马瓟瓜的株数抑制率和鲜重抑制率达86.50%~100.00%;PSⅡ抑制类除草剂38%莠去津悬浮剂(SC)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)和40%氰草津SC 150~300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理虽在药后3 d对马瓟瓜的防除效果较差,但药后7、14 d的株抑制率和鲜重抑制率达94.58%~100.00%。安全性试验结果表明,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺、三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈对大豆安全,但莠去津和氰草津对大豆会产生严重的药害。综上所述,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈可以作为防除大豆田鳢肠的候选药剂,PPO抑制类三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚可以作为马瓟瓜的候选防除药剂。展开更多
【目的】RGLG蛋白属于RING(Really Interesting New Gene)型E3泛素连接酶,通过泛素化降解其他蛋白参与植物生长发育和非生物胁迫响应。鉴定甜瓜CmRGLG基因家族(CmRGLGs)成员,并分析相关基因的表达模式,为进一步探究其潜在功能奠定理论...【目的】RGLG蛋白属于RING(Really Interesting New Gene)型E3泛素连接酶,通过泛素化降解其他蛋白参与植物生长发育和非生物胁迫响应。鉴定甜瓜CmRGLG基因家族(CmRGLGs)成员,并分析相关基因的表达模式,为进一步探究其潜在功能奠定理论基础。【方法】采用生物信息学方法对CmRGLGs染色体定位、基因结构及其编码蛋白的理化特性、系统进化、共线性关系、蛋白互作等方面进行分析,通过RT-qPCR对各成员在不同器官、不同激素浓度梯度和非生物胁迫处理后甜瓜幼叶中的表达水平进行解析。【结果】在甜瓜全基因组中共鉴定出6个CmRGLGs成员,根据各基因在染色体上的位置及排列顺序依次命名为CmRGLG1-CmRGLG6;所编码的蛋白均为亲水性蛋白,氨基酸数为364-596 aa;在进行系统进化分析时,CmRGLGs基因分属于不同的3个分支。种内与种间共线性分析表明,CmRGLGs中不存在基因重复事件,CmRGLG1、CmRGLG2、CmRGLG4、CmRGLG5在拟南芥、黄瓜、番茄中均存在共线基因;启动子区中存在与植物激素和非生物胁迫响应有关的顺式作用元件;蛋白互作网络预测分析提示,CmRGLGs相互作用的蛋白主要富集在泛素-蛋白转移酶活性、蛋白质代谢、生物合成和有机环状化合物结合等途径;表达特性分析结果显示,CmRGLG5和CmRGLG6在茎中的表达量最低,CmRGLG1、CmRGLG2、CmRGLG3、CmRGLG4在花中的表达量较高,且各基因成员在不同植物激素和非生物胁迫中具有不同程度的表达。【结论】甜瓜CmRGLGs在不同植物激素处理条件下,多数成员的表达水平有下调趋势;在非生物胁迫处理条件下,多数成员的表达水平呈先上调再下调的趋势。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32102383,32225044 and 32130093)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021QC075)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholar Foundation of the People's Government of Shandong Province(Grant No.ts20190947)the Qingdao Agricultural University Doctoral Start-Up Fund。
文摘High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating genetics and breeding in melon(Cucumis melo L.),a globally cultivated economically important horticultural crop.Based on over eight million SNPs derived from 823 representative melon accessions,16K,8K,4K,2K,1K,500,250 and 125 informative SNPs were screened and evaluated for their polymorphisms,conservation of flanking sequences,and distributions.The set of 2K SNPs was found to be optimal for representing the maximum diversity with the lowest number of SNPs,and it was selected to develop the liquid chip,named“Melon2K”.Using Melon2K,more than 1500 SNPs were detected across 17 samples of five melon cultivars,and the phylogenetic relationships were clearly constructed.Within the same cultivar,genetic differences were also assessed between different samples.We evaluated the performance of Melon2K in genetic background selection during the breeding process,obtaining the introgression lines of interested trait with more than 97%genetic background of elite variety by only two rounds of backcrossing.These results suggest that Melon2K provides a cost-effective,efficient and reliable platform for genetic analysis and molecular breeding in melon.
基金supported by Project of Renovation Capacity Building for the Young Sci-Tech Talents Sponsored by Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.xjnkq-2021011)Key Research and Development Program of Hainan Province(Grant No.ZDYF2025XDNY089)+2 种基金Project of Fund for Stable Support to Agricultural Sci-Tech Renovation(Grant No.xjnkywdzc-2023001-35)Guangxi Agricultural Science and Technology Project,China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MORA(CARS-25)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2662024JC004)。
文摘Melon(Cucumis melo L.)is a globally important fruit crop appreciated for its sweet taste,unique aroma,and nutritional value(Kaleem et al.,2024).Aroma,shaped by volatile organic compounds(VOCs),is a key trait influencing consumer preference.These VOCs are mainly derived from amino acids,fatty acids,and terpenoid pathways(Chen et al.,2023).Esters contribute to fruity and sweet notes,whereas terpenes and C_(9) aldehydes/alcohols impart floral and melon-like aromas,respectively(Mayobre et al.,2024).
基金This research was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31772331)the China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-25).
文摘Stigma color plays an important role in pollination.In nature,melon(Cucumis melo L.)stigmas are either yellow or green;however,a review of the literature found no report on how stigma color affects pollination and fruit development in melon.Here,we used an F_(2)melon population derived from a cross between‘MR-1’(P_(1),with green stigmas)and‘M1–32’(P_(2),with yellow stigmas),and performed genetic analysis and mapping.The results of bulked segregant analysis allowed the identification of genetic loci controlling stigma color on chromosomes 6 and 8.An F2 population consisting of 150 individuals was used for initial mapping.A genetic map of 304.17 cM was constructed using 37 cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence(CAPS)markers.We identified one major quantitative trait locus(QTL)and one minor QTL for stigma color.The major QTL GS8.1 was further mapped to a 4.13 cM interval between CAPS markers 8C-10 and 8C-16,which explained 27.04%of the phenotypic variation.In addition,GS6.1 was mapped between E-49 and 6A-7,explaining 18.6%of the phenotypic variation.This study provides a theoretical basis for the fine mapping and cloning of melon genes controlling stigma color.
文摘The use of organic waste for the preparation of seedling substrates is an important environmental and economic option. In this perspective, substrates using biochar emerges as an alternative for seedling production due to their favorable physical and chemical characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of doses of poultry litter biochar as a substrate constituent for the production and quality of the seedlings. The work was conducted in a semi protected environment, belonging to the Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG. The statistical design used was completely randomized in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of 6 doses of biochar (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 t<span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>) and two varieties of melon (Yellow and Hales Best Jumbo) with 4 repetitions totaling 48 experimental units. The fresh and dry plant phytomass mass (aerial, roots and total), root length and the quality of seedlings were evaluated. It was concluded that the addition of poultry litter biochar to the substrate was beneficial, promoting an increase in the analyzed seedling variables, being the ideal dose for good development of melon seedlings 12 t<span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>. The Yellow variety presented a better response than the Hales Best Jumbo to the charcoal application. Considering the advantages of the use of poultry litter biochar on the substrate composition, found in the present study, its utilization constitutes a viable alternative for the development of melon seedlings and for the environmental disposal of the poultry litter.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000669)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China (B209)
文摘Modeling of fruit morphological formation in melon is important for realizing virtual and digital plant growth.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in patterns of fruit growth characters during plant development.In cultivar experiments,a high-resolution wireless vision sensor network has been developed to realize non-contact automatic uninterrupted measurement of the fruit shape micro-change （fruit size,color,and net）.Results showed that the fruit swelling process （vertical and horizontal diameters） exhibited a slow-rapid-slow pattern,which could be well described with a logistic curve against growing degree days （GDD）;fruit color changes based on the RGB values could be represented by quadratic relationship to cumulative GDD;the fruit net changes over growth progress could be partitioned into three phases according to the time interval.The first phase was from 1 to 30 days after pollination （DAP）,in which the vertical stripe appeared at fruit middle part and the horizontal stripe at fruit petiole and hilum part as well;the second phase was from 30 to 40 DAP,the horizontal stripe occurred at fruit middle part and the net was formed;the third phase was the process started from 40 DAP,the netted breadth and thickness were gradually increased.The model was validated with the independent data from the experiment,and the mean RMSE （root mean square error） of fruit were 0.36 and 0.28 cm for vertical and horizontal diameters,11.9 for fruit color,and 0.45 cm for stripe length and diameter at varied GDD,respectively.This work is beneficial to a reliable foundation for study the relationship between morphological formation and physiological change of the melon fruit internally and then realize the intelligent precision management to improve the yield and quality of greenhouse melon production.
文摘为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆的安全性。结果表明:ALS抑制类除草剂在药后3、7 d对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的防除效果不佳,药后14 d有所提升,其中噻吩磺隆对2种杂草的鲜重抑制率达88.31%~94.61%。PPO抑制类除草剂苯嘧磺草胺、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈、氨唑草酮处理后对鳢肠的防除效果在药后3、7、14 d整体均表现为良好,其中70%苯嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂(WDG)26.25~78.75 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L灭草松水剂(AS)540~1440 g a.i./hm^(2)、30%辛酰溴苯腈乳油(EC)168.75~405 g a.i./hm^(2)处理的鲜重抑制率均达100.00%,防除效果理想。PPO抑制类除草剂28%三氟羧草醚微乳剂(ME)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)、10%乙羧氟草醚EC 60~90 g a.i./hm^(2)、250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)处理在施用后7、14 d,其对马瓟瓜的株数抑制率和鲜重抑制率达86.50%~100.00%;PSⅡ抑制类除草剂38%莠去津悬浮剂(SC)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)和40%氰草津SC 150~300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理虽在药后3 d对马瓟瓜的防除效果较差,但药后7、14 d的株抑制率和鲜重抑制率达94.58%~100.00%。安全性试验结果表明,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺、三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈对大豆安全,但莠去津和氰草津对大豆会产生严重的药害。综上所述,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈可以作为防除大豆田鳢肠的候选药剂,PPO抑制类三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚可以作为马瓟瓜的候选防除药剂。
文摘【目的】RGLG蛋白属于RING(Really Interesting New Gene)型E3泛素连接酶,通过泛素化降解其他蛋白参与植物生长发育和非生物胁迫响应。鉴定甜瓜CmRGLG基因家族(CmRGLGs)成员,并分析相关基因的表达模式,为进一步探究其潜在功能奠定理论基础。【方法】采用生物信息学方法对CmRGLGs染色体定位、基因结构及其编码蛋白的理化特性、系统进化、共线性关系、蛋白互作等方面进行分析,通过RT-qPCR对各成员在不同器官、不同激素浓度梯度和非生物胁迫处理后甜瓜幼叶中的表达水平进行解析。【结果】在甜瓜全基因组中共鉴定出6个CmRGLGs成员,根据各基因在染色体上的位置及排列顺序依次命名为CmRGLG1-CmRGLG6;所编码的蛋白均为亲水性蛋白,氨基酸数为364-596 aa;在进行系统进化分析时,CmRGLGs基因分属于不同的3个分支。种内与种间共线性分析表明,CmRGLGs中不存在基因重复事件,CmRGLG1、CmRGLG2、CmRGLG4、CmRGLG5在拟南芥、黄瓜、番茄中均存在共线基因;启动子区中存在与植物激素和非生物胁迫响应有关的顺式作用元件;蛋白互作网络预测分析提示,CmRGLGs相互作用的蛋白主要富集在泛素-蛋白转移酶活性、蛋白质代谢、生物合成和有机环状化合物结合等途径;表达特性分析结果显示,CmRGLG5和CmRGLG6在茎中的表达量最低,CmRGLG1、CmRGLG2、CmRGLG3、CmRGLG4在花中的表达量较高,且各基因成员在不同植物激素和非生物胁迫中具有不同程度的表达。【结论】甜瓜CmRGLGs在不同植物激素处理条件下,多数成员的表达水平有下调趋势;在非生物胁迫处理条件下,多数成员的表达水平呈先上调再下调的趋势。
