BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a nutrition-related disease and has a profound effect on the longterm overall survival(OS)of patients with gastric cancer.Its diagnostic criterion is critical to clinical diagnosis and treatme...BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a nutrition-related disease and has a profound effect on the longterm overall survival(OS)of patients with gastric cancer.Its diagnostic criterion is critical to clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,previous research reported widely differing sarcopenia prevalence due to different criteria.AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 are the two latest and widely adopted criteria.AIM To compare the effects of AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 on the long-term OS of Chinese gastric cancer patient after radical gastrectomy.METHODS An observational study was conducted from July 2014 to January 2017,which included 648 consecutive gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy.The sarcopenia elements(skeletal muscle index,handgrip strength,and gait speed)were measured within 1 mo or 7 d before surgery.The patients were followed at fixed intervals to gain the outcomes.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the association between sarcopenia and the long-term OS of these patients according to the two criteria separately.The predictive performance of the models with AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 were evaluated by the concordance index(C-index)and area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).The Akaike information criterion(AIC)was applied to compare model fits.RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.5%and 11.3%according to AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2,respectively.Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for the longterm OS no matter based on AWGS2019 or EWGSOP2,but AWGS2019-sarcopenia in multivariate model had a higher hazard ratio(HR)[2.150(1.547-2.988)]than EWGSOP2-sarcopenia[HR 1.599(1.092-2.339)].Meanwhile,the model with AWGS2019-sarcopenia[C-index 0.773(0.742-0.804);AIC 2193.7;time-dependent AUC 0.812(0.756-0.867)for 1-year OS,0.815(0.778-0.852)for 3-year OS,and 0.809(0.759-0.859)for 5-year OS]had better predictive power and model fits than the model with EWGSOP2-sarcopenia[C-index 0.762(0.729-0.795);AIC 2215.2;timedependent AUC 0.797(0.741-0.854)for 1-year OS,0.804(0.767-0.842)for 3-year OS,and 0.799(0.748-0.850)for 5-year OS].CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for the long-term OS in Chinese gastric cancer patients undergoing radical gastrectomy.The prediction model with AWGS2019-sarcopenia has better predictive power and model fits than the prediction model with EWGSOP2-sarcopenia.AWGS2019 may be more appropriate for diagnosing sarcopenia in these Chinese patients than EWGSOP2.展开更多
In this Letter, a 16 channel 200 GHz wavelength tunable arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） is designed and fabricated based on the silicon on insulator platform. Considering that the performance of the AWG, such as cent...In this Letter, a 16 channel 200 GHz wavelength tunable arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） is designed and fabricated based on the silicon on insulator platform. Considering that the performance of the AWG, such as central wavelength and crosstalk, is sensitive to the dimension variation of waveguides, the error analysis of the AWG with width fluctuations is worked out using the transfer function method. A heater is designed to realize the wavelength tunability of the AWG based on the thermo-optic effect of silicon. The measured results show that the insertion loss of the AWG is about 6 d B, and the crosstalk is 7.5 d B. The wavelength tunability of 1.1 nm is achieved at 276 m W power consumption, and more wavelength shifts will gain at larger power consumption.展开更多
Wavelength division multiplexing technology has been pivotal in addressing the demand for high-capacity optical communication with silicon photonics providing a promising platform. This work presents a 16-channel wave...Wavelength division multiplexing technology has been pivotal in addressing the demand for high-capacity optical communication with silicon photonics providing a promising platform. This work presents a 16-channel wavelength division multiplexing silicon photonics receiver chip composed of an arrayed waveguide grating and Ge-on-Si photodetectors. Integrated inductors are introduced to enhance the high-speed performance of photodetectors, enabling data rates up to 112 Gbps with high responsivity and low dark current. The operating wavelength range of the arrayed wavelength grating is adjusted according to the response of the Ge-on-Si photodetector. The optical insertion loss, cross talk and central wavelength of the array waveguide grating are 2.1 to 3.7 d B,-12 to-15 d B, and 1538 nm, respectively. The proposed receiver chip offers a solution to meet the challenges of modern data transmission requirements.展开更多
An ultra compact triplexing filter was designed based on a silicon on insulator（SOI） nanowire arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） for fiber-to-the-home FTTH.The simulation results revealed that the design performed wel...An ultra compact triplexing filter was designed based on a silicon on insulator（SOI） nanowire arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） for fiber-to-the-home FTTH.The simulation results revealed that the design performed well in the sense of having a good triplexing function.The designed SOI nanowire AWGs were fabricated using ultraviolet lithography and induced coupler plasma etching.The experimental results showed that the crosstalk was less than -15 dB,and the 3 dB-bandwidth was 11.04 nm.The peak wavelength output from ports a,c,and b were 1455,1510 and 1300 nm,respectively,which deviated from our original expectations.The deviation of the wavelength is mainly caused by 45 nm width deviation of the arrayed waveguides during the course of the fabrication process and partly caused by material dispersion.展开更多
A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocatio...A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocation from 8 channels to 16 channels as specified in IEEE 802.3bs,we increased the number of chan⁃nels and boosted transmission capacity to meet the 1.6 Tbps and higher-speed signal transmission requirements for future data centers.Through optimizing the AWG structure,it has achieved insertion loss(IL)better than-1.61 dB,loss uniformity below 0.35 dB,polarization-dependent loss(PDL)below 0.35 dB,adjacent channel cross⁃talk under-20.05 dB,ripple less than 0.75 dB,center wavelength offset under 0.22 nm and 1 dB bandwidth ex⁃ceeding 2.88 nm.The AWG has been successfully measured to transmit 53 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modu⁃lation(PAM4)signal per channel and the total transmission speed can reach over 1.6 Tbps.展开更多
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Health Department Medical Support Discipline-Nutrition,No.11-ZC24Wenzhou Municipal Science and Bureau,No.Y2020732.
文摘BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a nutrition-related disease and has a profound effect on the longterm overall survival(OS)of patients with gastric cancer.Its diagnostic criterion is critical to clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,previous research reported widely differing sarcopenia prevalence due to different criteria.AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 are the two latest and widely adopted criteria.AIM To compare the effects of AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 on the long-term OS of Chinese gastric cancer patient after radical gastrectomy.METHODS An observational study was conducted from July 2014 to January 2017,which included 648 consecutive gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy.The sarcopenia elements(skeletal muscle index,handgrip strength,and gait speed)were measured within 1 mo or 7 d before surgery.The patients were followed at fixed intervals to gain the outcomes.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the association between sarcopenia and the long-term OS of these patients according to the two criteria separately.The predictive performance of the models with AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 were evaluated by the concordance index(C-index)and area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).The Akaike information criterion(AIC)was applied to compare model fits.RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.5%and 11.3%according to AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2,respectively.Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for the longterm OS no matter based on AWGS2019 or EWGSOP2,but AWGS2019-sarcopenia in multivariate model had a higher hazard ratio(HR)[2.150(1.547-2.988)]than EWGSOP2-sarcopenia[HR 1.599(1.092-2.339)].Meanwhile,the model with AWGS2019-sarcopenia[C-index 0.773(0.742-0.804);AIC 2193.7;time-dependent AUC 0.812(0.756-0.867)for 1-year OS,0.815(0.778-0.852)for 3-year OS,and 0.809(0.759-0.859)for 5-year OS]had better predictive power and model fits than the model with EWGSOP2-sarcopenia[C-index 0.762(0.729-0.795);AIC 2215.2;timedependent AUC 0.797(0.741-0.854)for 1-year OS,0.804(0.767-0.842)for 3-year OS,and 0.799(0.748-0.850)for 5-year OS].CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for the long-term OS in Chinese gastric cancer patients undergoing radical gastrectomy.The prediction model with AWGS2019-sarcopenia has better predictive power and model fits than the prediction model with EWGSOP2-sarcopenia.AWGS2019 may be more appropriate for diagnosing sarcopenia in these Chinese patients than EWGSOP2.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0402504)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.61435013and 61405188)
文摘In this Letter, a 16 channel 200 GHz wavelength tunable arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） is designed and fabricated based on the silicon on insulator platform. Considering that the performance of the AWG, such as central wavelength and crosstalk, is sensitive to the dimension variation of waveguides, the error analysis of the AWG with width fluctuations is worked out using the transfer function method. A heater is designed to realize the wavelength tunability of the AWG based on the thermo-optic effect of silicon. The measured results show that the insertion loss of the AWG is about 6 d B, and the crosstalk is 7.5 d B. The wavelength tunability of 1.1 nm is achieved at 276 m W power consumption, and more wavelength shifts will gain at larger power consumption.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB2802400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (62250010, 62090054, 62274160)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2021111)。
文摘Wavelength division multiplexing technology has been pivotal in addressing the demand for high-capacity optical communication with silicon photonics providing a promising platform. This work presents a 16-channel wavelength division multiplexing silicon photonics receiver chip composed of an arrayed waveguide grating and Ge-on-Si photodetectors. Integrated inductors are introduced to enhance the high-speed performance of photodetectors, enabling data rates up to 112 Gbps with high responsivity and low dark current. The operating wavelength range of the arrayed wavelength grating is adjusted according to the response of the Ge-on-Si photodetector. The optical insertion loss, cross talk and central wavelength of the array waveguide grating are 2.1 to 3.7 d B,-12 to-15 d B, and 1538 nm, respectively. The proposed receiver chip offers a solution to meet the challenges of modern data transmission requirements.
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development of China(No2006AA03Z420)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos60776057,60837001,60776057) the State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Project, China(No2010KFB005)
文摘An ultra compact triplexing filter was designed based on a silicon on insulator（SOI） nanowire arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） for fiber-to-the-home FTTH.The simulation results revealed that the design performed well in the sense of having a good triplexing function.The designed SOI nanowire AWGs were fabricated using ultraviolet lithography and induced coupler plasma etching.The experimental results showed that the crosstalk was less than -15 dB,and the 3 dB-bandwidth was 11.04 nm.The peak wavelength output from ports a,c,and b were 1455,1510 and 1300 nm,respectively,which deviated from our original expectations.The deviation of the wavelength is mainly caused by 45 nm width deviation of the arrayed waveguides during the course of the fabrication process and partly caused by material dispersion.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2800201)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB43000000)。
文摘A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocation from 8 channels to 16 channels as specified in IEEE 802.3bs,we increased the number of chan⁃nels and boosted transmission capacity to meet the 1.6 Tbps and higher-speed signal transmission requirements for future data centers.Through optimizing the AWG structure,it has achieved insertion loss(IL)better than-1.61 dB,loss uniformity below 0.35 dB,polarization-dependent loss(PDL)below 0.35 dB,adjacent channel cross⁃talk under-20.05 dB,ripple less than 0.75 dB,center wavelength offset under 0.22 nm and 1 dB bandwidth ex⁃ceeding 2.88 nm.The AWG has been successfully measured to transmit 53 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modu⁃lation(PAM4)signal per channel and the total transmission speed can reach over 1.6 Tbps.
