Drought across Northwest China in late spring has exerted a vital effect on the local climate and agricultural production,and has been alleviated during the past decades.This study explored the influence of the preced...Drought across Northwest China in late spring has exerted a vital effect on the local climate and agricultural production,and has been alleviated during the past decades.This study explored the influence of the preceding Arctic sea ice on the May drought in Northwest China caused by the precipitation deficit.Further analysis indicated that when the Greenland Sea ice concentration is abnormally high during February to April,the dry conditions in Northwest China tend to be alleviated.The increase of sea ice in the Greenland Sea can excite a meridional circulation,which causes sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the North Atlantic via the sea-air interaction,manifested as significant warm SST anomalies over the south of Greenland and the subtropical North Atlantic,but negative SST anomalies over the west of the Azores.This abnormal SST pattern maintains to May and triggers a zonal wave train from the North Atlantic through Scandinavia and Central Asia to Northwest China,leading to abnormal cyclones in Northwest China.Consequently,Northwest China experiences a more humid climate than usual.展开更多
1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、...1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。展开更多
Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(mill.km^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum ...Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(mill.km^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 mill.km^(2), 0.794 mill.km^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 mill.km^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.展开更多
Thermodynamic and dynamic processes(TDP)significantly modulate the rapid variability of Arctic sea ice,with complex interactions between them.This study quantifies the Arctic sea ice budget of volume from 1989 to 2021...Thermodynamic and dynamic processes(TDP)significantly modulate the rapid variability of Arctic sea ice,with complex interactions between them.This study quantifies the Arctic sea ice budget of volume from 1989 to 2021 using data from NSIDC and PIOMAS.Results show that thermodynamic processes dominate seasonal Arctic sea ice budget variation,covering 40%of the sea ice zone,strongest at the margins and in the seasonal ice zone.Dynamic processes play a relay role,contributing less than half of that from thermodynamic processes.Their influence is strongest in winter and weakest in summer,closely linked to sea ice drift circulation.TDP exhibit opposite seasonal cycles,with thermodynamic processes inversely correlated with sea ice volume changes.Dynamic processes are most negatively correlated with thermodynamic processes when they precede by 21 d.After strong thermodynamic processes,dynamic processes become more pronounced,peaking 76 d later,indicating a seasonal coupled effect where dynamic processes sustain and amplify the sea ice changes initiated by thermodynamic processes.Significant long-term trends in TDP are identified.Thermodynamic processes have increased over the past three decades,particularly in June to July and October to November.Dynamic processes decreases from June to August but increases in September.This study enhances understanding of the complex interplay between TDP modulate Arctic sea ice changes and highlights potential decadal trends under climate change.展开更多
以北极研究为中心,基于CNKI和Web of Sciences Core Collection数据库2000—2017数据,采用CiteSpace,系统展示了中国和国际(含中国)在北极科研领域的发展趋势、前沿、热点和机构合作特征。研究表明,国内的北极研究经历了由气候海冰—航...以北极研究为中心,基于CNKI和Web of Sciences Core Collection数据库2000—2017数据,采用CiteSpace,系统展示了中国和国际(含中国)在北极科研领域的发展趋势、前沿、热点和机构合作特征。研究表明,国内的北极研究经历了由气候海冰—航运—北极治理的研究过程,发文量以北极航运为主导。国际针对北极的研究经历了三个逐步加速阶段:1990、2000和2005,北极八国和德、英、法是北极研究的主力军。北极科技合作仍主要以国家内部合作为主,但科研机构合作频率高度爆发且出现一批以“Helmholtz Centrefor Polar and Marine Research(德国)、The Arctic University of Norway(挪威)、Aarhus University(丹麦)和KoreaPolar Research Institute(韩国)”为代表的北极研究合作爆发单位;北极研究领域多样,呈现出以“arcticocean”、“climate”、“arctic temperature”、“variability”、“sea ice”、“model”等为重点的关键词,表明近年国际北极研究主要热点在气候变化、海冰、洋流等领域,这些领域相互交叉。通过对国内外北极通航经济性的系统综述分析得出:国内外学者均认为与北极海冰有关因素是制约北极通航的关键;国内学者对北极通航的经济效益较为乐观,而国外学者则较为辨证且谨慎。这与研究所考虑的角度有关,国内学者较多考虑北极通航的技术管理、人力资源、能耗、时间和政治等因素,而国外学者在这些因素的基础上,还侧重于贸易需求、通航意愿性和通航对气候的影响等因素。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China [grant numbers 41991281 and 42005028]。
文摘Drought across Northwest China in late spring has exerted a vital effect on the local climate and agricultural production,and has been alleviated during the past decades.This study explored the influence of the preceding Arctic sea ice on the May drought in Northwest China caused by the precipitation deficit.Further analysis indicated that when the Greenland Sea ice concentration is abnormally high during February to April,the dry conditions in Northwest China tend to be alleviated.The increase of sea ice in the Greenland Sea can excite a meridional circulation,which causes sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the North Atlantic via the sea-air interaction,manifested as significant warm SST anomalies over the south of Greenland and the subtropical North Atlantic,but negative SST anomalies over the west of the Azores.This abnormal SST pattern maintains to May and triggers a zonal wave train from the North Atlantic through Scandinavia and Central Asia to Northwest China,leading to abnormal cyclones in Northwest China.Consequently,Northwest China experiences a more humid climate than usual.
文摘1999–2021年,我国历经12次北极科学考察,获取了大量宝贵的极地海洋水文调查资料。历年以来的CTD调查设备为MARKⅢC CTD(第1、2次北极科学考察)和SBE911 Plus CTD(第3-12次北极科学考察),通过定点投放的方式获取海洋垂直断面的电导率、温度和深度数据,调查范围包含北极中央航道、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆、白令海峡、白令海、北欧海、北冰洋太平洋扇区等重点海域。通过数据格式转换、数据编辑、滤波和滞后处理、电导修正、起伏校正、衍生参数计算、生成等深间距文件、输出ASCII文件等过程对原始数据进行处理和质量控制,形成垂向分辨率为1 m,包含时间、经度、纬度、压强、深度、温度、盐度、密度、声速和位温等要素的数据集。通过比较同一变量两个传感器之间的数据差值和绘制T-S点聚图进一步评估处理后的数据质量。经评估,处理后的数据质量良好,剔除异常值后的双温盐传感器之间的差值在合理范围内。本数据集为北冰洋水团分布、环流研究、海洋环境变化及全球气候变化等提供了宝贵的现场资料。
文摘Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(mill.km^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 mill.km^(2), 0.794 mill.km^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 mill.km^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant no.2019YFA0607004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.42430411,42075024,42205029 and 42230405)。
文摘Thermodynamic and dynamic processes(TDP)significantly modulate the rapid variability of Arctic sea ice,with complex interactions between them.This study quantifies the Arctic sea ice budget of volume from 1989 to 2021 using data from NSIDC and PIOMAS.Results show that thermodynamic processes dominate seasonal Arctic sea ice budget variation,covering 40%of the sea ice zone,strongest at the margins and in the seasonal ice zone.Dynamic processes play a relay role,contributing less than half of that from thermodynamic processes.Their influence is strongest in winter and weakest in summer,closely linked to sea ice drift circulation.TDP exhibit opposite seasonal cycles,with thermodynamic processes inversely correlated with sea ice volume changes.Dynamic processes are most negatively correlated with thermodynamic processes when they precede by 21 d.After strong thermodynamic processes,dynamic processes become more pronounced,peaking 76 d later,indicating a seasonal coupled effect where dynamic processes sustain and amplify the sea ice changes initiated by thermodynamic processes.Significant long-term trends in TDP are identified.Thermodynamic processes have increased over the past three decades,particularly in June to July and October to November.Dynamic processes decreases from June to August but increases in September.This study enhances understanding of the complex interplay between TDP modulate Arctic sea ice changes and highlights potential decadal trends under climate change.
文摘以北极研究为中心,基于CNKI和Web of Sciences Core Collection数据库2000—2017数据,采用CiteSpace,系统展示了中国和国际(含中国)在北极科研领域的发展趋势、前沿、热点和机构合作特征。研究表明,国内的北极研究经历了由气候海冰—航运—北极治理的研究过程,发文量以北极航运为主导。国际针对北极的研究经历了三个逐步加速阶段:1990、2000和2005,北极八国和德、英、法是北极研究的主力军。北极科技合作仍主要以国家内部合作为主,但科研机构合作频率高度爆发且出现一批以“Helmholtz Centrefor Polar and Marine Research(德国)、The Arctic University of Norway(挪威)、Aarhus University(丹麦)和KoreaPolar Research Institute(韩国)”为代表的北极研究合作爆发单位;北极研究领域多样,呈现出以“arcticocean”、“climate”、“arctic temperature”、“variability”、“sea ice”、“model”等为重点的关键词,表明近年国际北极研究主要热点在气候变化、海冰、洋流等领域,这些领域相互交叉。通过对国内外北极通航经济性的系统综述分析得出:国内外学者均认为与北极海冰有关因素是制约北极通航的关键;国内学者对北极通航的经济效益较为乐观,而国外学者则较为辨证且谨慎。这与研究所考虑的角度有关,国内学者较多考虑北极通航的技术管理、人力资源、能耗、时间和政治等因素,而国外学者在这些因素的基础上,还侧重于贸易需求、通航意愿性和通航对气候的影响等因素。
