发展海上风电是推动能源结构清洁化转型的一条有效路径,然而海上风电开发对海洋生态系统的影响同样不可忽视,当前该领域相关研究文献缺乏系统性整理。文章使用文献计量工具VOSviewer,以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,对全球海上风...发展海上风电是推动能源结构清洁化转型的一条有效路径,然而海上风电开发对海洋生态系统的影响同样不可忽视,当前该领域相关研究文献缺乏系统性整理。文章使用文献计量工具VOSviewer,以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,对全球海上风电开发的生态环境影响研究进行知识图谱和可视化分析,揭示研究热点的变化趋势,并比较国内外研究热点差异。结果表明:1991—2024年与海上风电开发影响相关的研究共有1163篇,发文量呈现快速增长趋势;与欧洲传统海上风电强国相比,中国在生态影响领域的关注度相对不足,与海上风电装机容量地位不匹配;当前研究热点集中在水下噪声影响,海上风电建设对海鸟、底栖生物群落、栖息地影响等方向。未来,尾流对局部气候变化的影响、海上风电的生命周期管理可能会成为海上风电开发生态环境影响领域的研究热点。展开更多
Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.Howev...Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.展开更多
开发和利用可再生能源是解决能源危机的重要途径。波浪能作为一种可再生能源引起了世界各国的关注,其中振荡水柱(Oscillating Water Column,OWC)式波能装置是一种应用最广泛的波浪能转换技术。关于OWC的研究多集中于如何提高能量转换效...开发和利用可再生能源是解决能源危机的重要途径。波浪能作为一种可再生能源引起了世界各国的关注,其中振荡水柱(Oscillating Water Column,OWC)式波能装置是一种应用最广泛的波浪能转换技术。关于OWC的研究多集中于如何提高能量转换效率,但是由于海况的复杂性,装置面临很大的生存压力,提高装置的生存能力变得愈加重要。透空式防波堤形式已经有很多应用,它对高频短波消浪效果很好,对低频长波则较差,而振荡水柱波能装置对长波吸收能力较强。该研究将透空式防波堤和OWC装置有效结合起来,基于线性势流理论,运用分离变量法和特征函数匹配法建立了解析模型,研究了单独透空式防波堤形式下,不同开孔率对反射系数的影响;之后研究了集成系统下透空结构与OWC装置距离对反射系数、水动力效率等的影响,并与单独透空式防波堤和单独OWC装置对比,说明集成装置消浪的优越性。展开更多
文摘发展海上风电是推动能源结构清洁化转型的一条有效路径,然而海上风电开发对海洋生态系统的影响同样不可忽视,当前该领域相关研究文献缺乏系统性整理。文章使用文献计量工具VOSviewer,以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,对全球海上风电开发的生态环境影响研究进行知识图谱和可视化分析,揭示研究热点的变化趋势,并比较国内外研究热点差异。结果表明:1991—2024年与海上风电开发影响相关的研究共有1163篇,发文量呈现快速增长趋势;与欧洲传统海上风电强国相比,中国在生态影响领域的关注度相对不足,与海上风电装机容量地位不匹配;当前研究热点集中在水下噪声影响,海上风电建设对海鸟、底栖生物群落、栖息地影响等方向。未来,尾流对局部气候变化的影响、海上风电的生命周期管理可能会成为海上风电开发生态环境影响领域的研究热点。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222904 and 52309117)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0168 and 2023M731895).
文摘Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.
文摘开发和利用可再生能源是解决能源危机的重要途径。波浪能作为一种可再生能源引起了世界各国的关注,其中振荡水柱(Oscillating Water Column,OWC)式波能装置是一种应用最广泛的波浪能转换技术。关于OWC的研究多集中于如何提高能量转换效率,但是由于海况的复杂性,装置面临很大的生存压力,提高装置的生存能力变得愈加重要。透空式防波堤形式已经有很多应用,它对高频短波消浪效果很好,对低频长波则较差,而振荡水柱波能装置对长波吸收能力较强。该研究将透空式防波堤和OWC装置有效结合起来,基于线性势流理论,运用分离变量法和特征函数匹配法建立了解析模型,研究了单独透空式防波堤形式下,不同开孔率对反射系数的影响;之后研究了集成系统下透空结构与OWC装置距离对反射系数、水动力效率等的影响,并与单独透空式防波堤和单独OWC装置对比,说明集成装置消浪的优越性。
