Zeolite nanosheets with a short b-axis thickness are highly desirable in lots of catalytic reactions due to their reduced diffusion resistance. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods usually require expensive st...Zeolite nanosheets with a short b-axis thickness are highly desirable in lots of catalytic reactions due to their reduced diffusion resistance. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods usually require expensive structure-directing agents(SDAs), pricey raw materials, and eco-unfriendly fluorine-containing additives. Here, we contributed a cost-effective and fluoride-free synthesis method for synthesizing high-quality MFI zeolite nanosheets through a Silicalite-1(Sil-1) seed suspension and urea cooperative strategy, only with inexpensive colloidal silica as the Si source. Our approach was effective for synthesizing both Sil-1 and aluminum-containing ZSM-5 nanosheets. By optimizing key synthesis parameters,including seed aging time, seed quantity, and urea concentration, we achieved precise control over the crystal face aspect ratio and b-axis thickness. We also revealed a non-classical oriented nanosheet growth mechanism, where Sil-1 seeds induced the formation of quasi-ordered precursor particles, and the(010)crystal planes of these particles facilitated urea adsorption, thereby promoting c-axis-oriented growth.The obtained ZSM-5 nanosheets exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in the benzene alkylation with ethanol, maintaining stability for over 500 h, which is 5 times longer than traditional ZSM-5 catalysts. Furthermore, large-scale production of ZSM-5 nanosheets was successfully carried out in a 3 L highpressure autoclave, yielding samples consistent with those from laboratory-scale synthesis. This work marks a significant step forward in the sustainable and efficient production of MFI nanosheets using inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials, offering the broad applicability in catalysis.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Shale oil has become a significant component of unconventional oil and gas exploration worldwide,dramatically transforming the global energy landscape over the past two decades(Xu et al.,2024;Guo et al....0 INTRODUCTION Shale oil has become a significant component of unconventional oil and gas exploration worldwide,dramatically transforming the global energy landscape over the past two decades(Xu et al.,2024;Guo et al.,2023;Wan et al.,2023;Zou et al.,2020).The successful commercial development of shale oil resources in North America has triggered a global surge in unconventional petroleum exploration,with many countries now actively pursuing their own shale resource development programs(Yang and Jin,2019).展开更多
Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assiste...Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.展开更多
Background:VPS37A(VPS37A subunit of ESCRT-I),a component of the ESCRT-I(endosomal sorting complex required for transport I)complex,mediates vesicular trafficking through sorting endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into mul...Background:VPS37A(VPS37A subunit of ESCRT-I),a component of the ESCRT-I(endosomal sorting complex required for transport I)complex,mediates vesicular trafficking through sorting endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies(MVBs).Although accumulating evidence indicates that VPS37A deficiency occurs in numerous malignancies and exerts tumor-suppressive effects during cancer progression,its functional significance in colorectal cancer(CRC)pathogenesis remains poorly characterized.Therefore,this study aims to further investigate the functional and molecular mechanisms by which VPS37A downregulation contributes to malignant biological phenotypes in CRC,with a specific focus on how its dysregulation affects cell death pathways.Methods:Multi-omics analysis of TCGA,GEO,and CPTAC cohorts identified VPS37A as a downregulated tumor suppressor gene in CRC.The prognostic relevance of VPS37A was validated in two clinical cohorts(Cohorts 1 and 2)using immunohistochemistry.Functional assays in VPS37A-overexpressing CRC cells and xenografts assessed proliferation,cell cycle progression,and stress-induced cell death.RNA sequencing,nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)luciferase reporter assays,and lysosomal inhibition experiments elucidated the mechanisms underlying tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1)degradation.Results:VPS37A is significantly downregulated in advanced-stage CRC and independently predicts poor survival.Functionally,VPS37A overexpression suppresses proliferation and induces G2/M arrest in vitro,while reducing xenograft growth.Under metabolic stress(glucose deprivation/galactose adaptation),VPS37A triggers cell death via apoptosis,necroptosis,and ferroptosis.Mechanistically,VPS37A redirects TNFR1 to lysosomal degradation,suppressing NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity.Conclusion:VPS37A deficiency drives CRC progression by sustaining TNFR1/NF-κB signaling under metabolic stress.Restoring VPS37A activity promotes TNFR1 degradation,offering a therapeutic strategy to counteract NF-κB-mediated treatment resistance in CRC.展开更多
This paper proposes a longitudinal vulnerability-based analysis method to evaluate the impact of foundation pit excavation on shield tunnels,accounting for geological uncertainties.First,the shield tunnel is modeled a...This paper proposes a longitudinal vulnerability-based analysis method to evaluate the impact of foundation pit excavation on shield tunnels,accounting for geological uncertainties.First,the shield tunnel is modeled as an Euler Bernoulli beam resting on the Pasternak foundation incorporating variability in subgrade parameters along the tunnel’s length.A random analysis method using random field theory is introduced to evaluate the tunnel’s longitudinal responses to excavation.Next,a risk assessment index system is established.The normalized relative depth between the excavation and the shield tunnel is used as a risk index,while the maximum longitudinal deformation,the maximum circumferential opening,and the maximum longitudinal bending moment serve as performance indicators.Based on these,a method for analyzing the longitudinal fragility of shield tunnels under excavation-induced disturbances is proposed.Finally,the technique is applied to a case study involving a foundation pit excavation above a shield tunnel,which is the primary application scenario of this method.Vulnerability curves for different performance indicators are derived,and the effects of tunnel stiffness and subgrade stiffness on the tunnel vulnerability are explored.The results reveal significant differences in vulnerability curves depending on the performance index used.Compared to the maximum circumferential opening and the maximum longitudinal bending moment,selecting the maximum longitudinal deformation as the control index better ensures the tunnel’s usability and safety under excavation disturbances.The longitudinal vulnerability of the shield tunnel nonlinearly decreases with the increase of the tunnel stiffness and subgrade stiffness,and the subgrade stiffness has a more pronounced effect.Parametric analyses suggest that actively reinforcing the substratum is more effective on reducing the risk of tunnel failure due to adjacent excavations than passive reinforcement of the tunnel structure.展开更多
Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an ef...Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an effective technique for identifying and evaluating dissolution vugs in carbonate reservoirs.However,due to limitations in the wellbore structure and the design of instruments,the images of electrical image logs often contain numerous blank strips,which affects the accuracy of subsequent vug processing and interpretation.To finely evaluate the pore structu re of karst reservoirs and quantitatively characterize reservoir parameters,this study proposes an automatic identification method for dissolution vugs in electrical image logs,integrating image inpainting and regional segme ntation based on an improved deep image prior(I DIP)framework.Firstly,the I DIP neural network model,leveraging its structural characteristics,uses a random mask and image data as input to iteratively learn low-level features at known pixel points and extend these features to blank areas of the image.This approach allows clear capture of the structure and texture information of vugs in blank strips,even in the absence of sufficient training samples.Subsequently,based on the inpainted images,the Otsu algorithm is used to determine the optimal global threshold,and then the watershed algorithm is applied to segment and label the vug targets,which addresses the problem of over-segmentation when separating the vug information from the stratigraphic background.Finally,the Freeman chain code is used to store and calculate vug parameters,converting the picked vug area into areal porosity to quantitatively assess the develo p ment degree of fractures and vugs in the reservoir.The results show a good correlation with core porosity and are superior to calculations without image inpainting.This study presents a method based on image processing for vug identification and evaluation of karst re servoirs,demonstrating high consistency with actual field data and providing theoretical support and methodological refe rence for the classification and evaluation of similar reservoirs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotoni...BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are frequently used in the treatment of depression;however,their efficacy in addressing major depressive disorder(MDD)in adults following TBI remains uncertain.AIM To investigate the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD after TBI.METHODS A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement,encompassing studies published until May 2024.This review focused on studies that examined the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD following TBI.Studies were assessed based sample size,treatment duration,treatment methodologies,severity of brain injury,assessment techniques,and drug response.A random-effects model was used to derive the summary effect size.RESULTS Eight studies compared the reduction in depression scores in patients with MDD after TBI and SSRI treatment.The eight studies did not exhibit heterogeneity(I^(2)=38%).The depression score for MDD after TBI in the SSRI group decreased more than that in the control group[odds ratio(OR)1.68,95%CI:1.09-2.58,P=0.02].The adverse reactions after treatment included diarrhea,dizziness,dry mouth,nausea,or vomiting.There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions after treatment between the two groups(OR 1.16,95%CI:0.78-1.73,P=0.46).These studies did not show significant heterogeneity(I^(2)=44%).CONCLUSION SSRIs may be effective in treating patients with MDD after TBI.Adequately powered,randomized,controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.展开更多
Investigating the characteristics of synchronous electrical explosions of multiple exploding foil initiators(EFI)in the same circuit,a four-point series-connected EFI circuit utilizing flexible flat cables was designe...Investigating the characteristics of synchronous electrical explosions of multiple exploding foil initiators(EFI)in the same circuit,a four-point series-connected EFI circuit utilizing flexible flat cables was designed to analyze the electrical explosion characteristics.Loop current and terminal voltages of each EFI were recorded to characterize the multi-point series-connected EFI explosion.The effects of voltage,capacitance,and loop length on the response time,energy deposition,and energy utilization efficiency of the multi-point series-connected EFI were explored.Based on the FIRESET model,a mathematical model for the multi-point series-connected EFI explosion was developed,and the influence of initial resistivity on the peak voltage during electrical explosion was quantitatively analyzed.Results indicate that the primary factor influencing the response time is the conduction performance of the switch,while the synchronization deviation is minimally affected by variations in voltage and capacitance.At an inter-electrode spacing of 50 mm,within the voltage range of 1,500–3,000 V and capacitance range of 0.22–1.5μF,the minimum and maximum synchronization deviations of the four-point EFI were 2 ns and 11 ns,respectively.As input energy increases,the deposited energy of the EFI rises,but the overall energy utilization efficiency decreases.The computational results of the proposed model align well with the experimental data.Furthermore,higher initial resistivity in the series-connected circuit corresponds to a higher peak voltage during electrical explosion.This work elucidates the characteristics of multi-point series-connected EFI explosions,offering valuable insights for the design of multi-point EFI circuits.展开更多
Background:Lung cancer remains the primary cause of mortality worldwide.Methylation modifications of eukaryotic messenger RNA(mRNA),recognized as one of the most prevalent chemical alterations,significantly impact the...Background:Lung cancer remains the primary cause of mortality worldwide.Methylation modifications of eukaryotic messenger RNA(mRNA),recognized as one of the most prevalent chemical alterations,significantly impact the stability,splicing,and translation of mRNA.Methyltransferase-like 21A(METTL21A)functions as a non-histone methyltransferase.The role of methylation-related compounds in the development of cancer has garnered increasing interest in recent years.Methods:The expression levels of METTL21A were assessed in 86 lung cancer samples and 78 adjacent non-cancerous tissues from Taizhou Hospital.Gene expression data were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.Multi-omics studies were conducted to examine the biological role of METTL21A within lung cancer.We thoroughly explored the potential functions and prognostic implications of METTL21A in this context.Results:An elevated expression of METTL21A was observed in lung cancer tissues.Furthermore,high levels of METTL21A expression correlate with various factors,including age,sex,race,tumor protein P53(TP53)mutations,cancer type,metastasis,and the pathological stage of lung cancer patients,indicating a relationship with poor prognosis.Additionally,METTL21A may affect lung cancer patient outcomes through distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration.Conclusion:METTL21A emerges as a promising candidate prognostic biomarker linked to immune invasion in lung cancer.展开更多
基金Joint Project of Dalian University of Technology-Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (HX20230236)。
文摘Zeolite nanosheets with a short b-axis thickness are highly desirable in lots of catalytic reactions due to their reduced diffusion resistance. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods usually require expensive structure-directing agents(SDAs), pricey raw materials, and eco-unfriendly fluorine-containing additives. Here, we contributed a cost-effective and fluoride-free synthesis method for synthesizing high-quality MFI zeolite nanosheets through a Silicalite-1(Sil-1) seed suspension and urea cooperative strategy, only with inexpensive colloidal silica as the Si source. Our approach was effective for synthesizing both Sil-1 and aluminum-containing ZSM-5 nanosheets. By optimizing key synthesis parameters,including seed aging time, seed quantity, and urea concentration, we achieved precise control over the crystal face aspect ratio and b-axis thickness. We also revealed a non-classical oriented nanosheet growth mechanism, where Sil-1 seeds induced the formation of quasi-ordered precursor particles, and the(010)crystal planes of these particles facilitated urea adsorption, thereby promoting c-axis-oriented growth.The obtained ZSM-5 nanosheets exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in the benzene alkylation with ethanol, maintaining stability for over 500 h, which is 5 times longer than traditional ZSM-5 catalysts. Furthermore, large-scale production of ZSM-5 nanosheets was successfully carried out in a 3 L highpressure autoclave, yielding samples consistent with those from laboratory-scale synthesis. This work marks a significant step forward in the sustainable and efficient production of MFI nanosheets using inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials, offering the broad applicability in catalysis.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing)(No.PRE/open-2501)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Shale oil has become a significant component of unconventional oil and gas exploration worldwide,dramatically transforming the global energy landscape over the past two decades(Xu et al.,2024;Guo et al.,2023;Wan et al.,2023;Zou et al.,2020).The successful commercial development of shale oil resources in North America has triggered a global surge in unconventional petroleum exploration,with many countries now actively pursuing their own shale resource development programs(Yang and Jin,2019).
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1004201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82473642)+3 种基金Research Funds of the Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM(No.JKS2023017)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2408085QH278)Research Fund of the Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine(No.2022zhyx-C05)Anhui Medical University National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202410366070).
文摘Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81902815,81802786)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023MH011,ZR2019BH044,ZR2018BH025).
文摘Background:VPS37A(VPS37A subunit of ESCRT-I),a component of the ESCRT-I(endosomal sorting complex required for transport I)complex,mediates vesicular trafficking through sorting endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies(MVBs).Although accumulating evidence indicates that VPS37A deficiency occurs in numerous malignancies and exerts tumor-suppressive effects during cancer progression,its functional significance in colorectal cancer(CRC)pathogenesis remains poorly characterized.Therefore,this study aims to further investigate the functional and molecular mechanisms by which VPS37A downregulation contributes to malignant biological phenotypes in CRC,with a specific focus on how its dysregulation affects cell death pathways.Methods:Multi-omics analysis of TCGA,GEO,and CPTAC cohorts identified VPS37A as a downregulated tumor suppressor gene in CRC.The prognostic relevance of VPS37A was validated in two clinical cohorts(Cohorts 1 and 2)using immunohistochemistry.Functional assays in VPS37A-overexpressing CRC cells and xenografts assessed proliferation,cell cycle progression,and stress-induced cell death.RNA sequencing,nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)luciferase reporter assays,and lysosomal inhibition experiments elucidated the mechanisms underlying tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1)degradation.Results:VPS37A is significantly downregulated in advanced-stage CRC and independently predicts poor survival.Functionally,VPS37A overexpression suppresses proliferation and induces G2/M arrest in vitro,while reducing xenograft growth.Under metabolic stress(glucose deprivation/galactose adaptation),VPS37A triggers cell death via apoptosis,necroptosis,and ferroptosis.Mechanistically,VPS37A redirects TNFR1 to lysosomal degradation,suppressing NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity.Conclusion:VPS37A deficiency drives CRC progression by sustaining TNFR1/NF-κB signaling under metabolic stress.Restoring VPS37A activity promotes TNFR1 degradation,offering a therapeutic strategy to counteract NF-κB-mediated treatment resistance in CRC.
基金Project(52178402) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘This paper proposes a longitudinal vulnerability-based analysis method to evaluate the impact of foundation pit excavation on shield tunnels,accounting for geological uncertainties.First,the shield tunnel is modeled as an Euler Bernoulli beam resting on the Pasternak foundation incorporating variability in subgrade parameters along the tunnel’s length.A random analysis method using random field theory is introduced to evaluate the tunnel’s longitudinal responses to excavation.Next,a risk assessment index system is established.The normalized relative depth between the excavation and the shield tunnel is used as a risk index,while the maximum longitudinal deformation,the maximum circumferential opening,and the maximum longitudinal bending moment serve as performance indicators.Based on these,a method for analyzing the longitudinal fragility of shield tunnels under excavation-induced disturbances is proposed.Finally,the technique is applied to a case study involving a foundation pit excavation above a shield tunnel,which is the primary application scenario of this method.Vulnerability curves for different performance indicators are derived,and the effects of tunnel stiffness and subgrade stiffness on the tunnel vulnerability are explored.The results reveal significant differences in vulnerability curves depending on the performance index used.Compared to the maximum circumferential opening and the maximum longitudinal bending moment,selecting the maximum longitudinal deformation as the control index better ensures the tunnel’s usability and safety under excavation disturbances.The longitudinal vulnerability of the shield tunnel nonlinearly decreases with the increase of the tunnel stiffness and subgrade stiffness,and the subgrade stiffness has a more pronounced effect.Parametric analyses suggest that actively reinforcing the substratum is more effective on reducing the risk of tunnel failure due to adjacent excavations than passive reinforcement of the tunnel structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42272180)。
文摘Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an effective technique for identifying and evaluating dissolution vugs in carbonate reservoirs.However,due to limitations in the wellbore structure and the design of instruments,the images of electrical image logs often contain numerous blank strips,which affects the accuracy of subsequent vug processing and interpretation.To finely evaluate the pore structu re of karst reservoirs and quantitatively characterize reservoir parameters,this study proposes an automatic identification method for dissolution vugs in electrical image logs,integrating image inpainting and regional segme ntation based on an improved deep image prior(I DIP)framework.Firstly,the I DIP neural network model,leveraging its structural characteristics,uses a random mask and image data as input to iteratively learn low-level features at known pixel points and extend these features to blank areas of the image.This approach allows clear capture of the structure and texture information of vugs in blank strips,even in the absence of sufficient training samples.Subsequently,based on the inpainted images,the Otsu algorithm is used to determine the optimal global threshold,and then the watershed algorithm is applied to segment and label the vug targets,which addresses the problem of over-segmentation when separating the vug information from the stratigraphic background.Finally,the Freeman chain code is used to store and calculate vug parameters,converting the picked vug area into areal porosity to quantitatively assess the develo p ment degree of fractures and vugs in the reservoir.The results show a good correlation with core porosity and are superior to calculations without image inpainting.This study presents a method based on image processing for vug identification and evaluation of karst re servoirs,demonstrating high consistency with actual field data and providing theoretical support and methodological refe rence for the classification and evaluation of similar reservoirs.
文摘BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are frequently used in the treatment of depression;however,their efficacy in addressing major depressive disorder(MDD)in adults following TBI remains uncertain.AIM To investigate the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD after TBI.METHODS A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement,encompassing studies published until May 2024.This review focused on studies that examined the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD following TBI.Studies were assessed based sample size,treatment duration,treatment methodologies,severity of brain injury,assessment techniques,and drug response.A random-effects model was used to derive the summary effect size.RESULTS Eight studies compared the reduction in depression scores in patients with MDD after TBI and SSRI treatment.The eight studies did not exhibit heterogeneity(I^(2)=38%).The depression score for MDD after TBI in the SSRI group decreased more than that in the control group[odds ratio(OR)1.68,95%CI:1.09-2.58,P=0.02].The adverse reactions after treatment included diarrhea,dizziness,dry mouth,nausea,or vomiting.There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions after treatment between the two groups(OR 1.16,95%CI:0.78-1.73,P=0.46).These studies did not show significant heterogeneity(I^(2)=44%).CONCLUSION SSRIs may be effective in treating patients with MDD after TBI.Adequately powered,randomized,controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.
文摘Investigating the characteristics of synchronous electrical explosions of multiple exploding foil initiators(EFI)in the same circuit,a four-point series-connected EFI circuit utilizing flexible flat cables was designed to analyze the electrical explosion characteristics.Loop current and terminal voltages of each EFI were recorded to characterize the multi-point series-connected EFI explosion.The effects of voltage,capacitance,and loop length on the response time,energy deposition,and energy utilization efficiency of the multi-point series-connected EFI were explored.Based on the FIRESET model,a mathematical model for the multi-point series-connected EFI explosion was developed,and the influence of initial resistivity on the peak voltage during electrical explosion was quantitatively analyzed.Results indicate that the primary factor influencing the response time is the conduction performance of the switch,while the synchronization deviation is minimally affected by variations in voltage and capacitance.At an inter-electrode spacing of 50 mm,within the voltage range of 1,500–3,000 V and capacitance range of 0.22–1.5μF,the minimum and maximum synchronization deviations of the four-point EFI were 2 ns and 11 ns,respectively.As input energy increases,the deposited energy of the EFI rises,but the overall energy utilization efficiency decreases.The computational results of the proposed model align well with the experimental data.Furthermore,higher initial resistivity in the series-connected circuit corresponds to a higher peak voltage during electrical explosion.This work elucidates the characteristics of multi-point series-connected EFI explosions,offering valuable insights for the design of multi-point EFI circuits.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Municipal Government of China(No.JCYJ20180507184647104)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2021A1515011426,2023A1515012585)。
文摘Background:Lung cancer remains the primary cause of mortality worldwide.Methylation modifications of eukaryotic messenger RNA(mRNA),recognized as one of the most prevalent chemical alterations,significantly impact the stability,splicing,and translation of mRNA.Methyltransferase-like 21A(METTL21A)functions as a non-histone methyltransferase.The role of methylation-related compounds in the development of cancer has garnered increasing interest in recent years.Methods:The expression levels of METTL21A were assessed in 86 lung cancer samples and 78 adjacent non-cancerous tissues from Taizhou Hospital.Gene expression data were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.Multi-omics studies were conducted to examine the biological role of METTL21A within lung cancer.We thoroughly explored the potential functions and prognostic implications of METTL21A in this context.Results:An elevated expression of METTL21A was observed in lung cancer tissues.Furthermore,high levels of METTL21A expression correlate with various factors,including age,sex,race,tumor protein P53(TP53)mutations,cancer type,metastasis,and the pathological stage of lung cancer patients,indicating a relationship with poor prognosis.Additionally,METTL21A may affect lung cancer patient outcomes through distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration.Conclusion:METTL21A emerges as a promising candidate prognostic biomarker linked to immune invasion in lung cancer.
