Improving the mixing way of fillers and polymer before molding was demonstrated to be a promising approach in the past. In this study, we investigated the effects of the mixing method and the dispersed solvent on the ...Improving the mixing way of fillers and polymer before molding was demonstrated to be a promising approach in the past. In this study, we investigated the effects of the mixing method and the dispersed solvent on the mechanical and friction performance of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)-filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (HNTs/PTFE). After evenly mixing in solution, the HNTs/PTFE mixtures were formed into disc-like nanocomposites by the cold compression molding method. The mechanical performance showed that the tensile strength of the HNTs/PTFE nanocomposites prepared by employing the solution mixing method was about 3—5 MPa more and the Young’s modulus was increased by about 1.2 times greater than those prepared by employing the drying mixing method, but unfortunately they had a poorer elongation at break. Alternatively, it was noteworthy that the wear resistance of the nanocomposites prepared by employing the solution mixing method was improved by 5—10 times and 11—20 times as compared to those formed via the drying mixing method and pure PTFE, respectively. The results showed that the PTFE nanocomposites filled with HNTs by using the solution mixing method exhibited an excellent antiwear performance and had a desirable processability.展开更多
The availability of high-resolution satellite precipitation measurement products provides an opportunity to monitor precipitation over large and complex terrain and thus accurately evaluate the climatic,hydrological a...The availability of high-resolution satellite precipitation measurement products provides an opportunity to monitor precipitation over large and complex terrain and thus accurately evaluate the climatic,hydrological and ecological conditions in those regions.The Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)mission is an important new program designed for global satellite precipitation estimation,but little information has been reported on the applicability of the GPM’s products for the Tibetan Plateau(TP).The object of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for GPM(IMERG)Final Run product under different terrain and climate conditions over the TP by using 78 ground gauges from April 2014 to December 2017.The results showed the following:(1)the 3-year average daily precipitation estimation in the IMERG agrees well with the rain gauge observations(R^2=0.58,P<0.01),and IMERG also has a considerable ability to detect precipitation,as indicated by a high probability of detection(78%-98%)and critical success index(65%-85%);(2)IMERG performed better at altitudes from 3000 m to 4000 m with a small relative bias(RB)of 6.4%.Precipitation change was not significantly affected by local relief;(3)the climate system of the TP was divided into four climate groups with a total of 12 climate types based on the K?ppen climate classification system,and IMERG performed well in all climate types with the exception of the arid-desert-cold climate(Bwk)type.Furthermore,although IMERG showed the potential to detect snowfall,it still exhibits deficiencies in identifying light and moderate snow.These results indicate that IMERG could provide more accurate precipitation data if its retrieval algorithm was improved for complex terrain and arid regions.展开更多
Dairy cows undergo tremendous changes in physiological, metabolism and the immune function from pregnancy to lac- tation that are associated with cows being susceptible to metabolic and infectious diseases. The object...Dairy cows undergo tremendous changes in physiological, metabolism and the immune function from pregnancy to lac- tation that are associated with cows being susceptible to metabolic and infectious diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate the changes of plasma proteome on 21 d before expected calving and 1 d after calving from dairy cows using an integrated proteomic approach consisting of minor abundance protein enrichment by ProteoMiner beads, protein labeling by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification, and protein identification by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Nineteen proteins were changed around the time of calving. These proteins were asso- ciated with response to stress, including acute-phase response and defense response, based on the proteins annotation. In particular, three up-regulated proteins after calving including factor V, a2-antiplasmin and prothrombin were assigned into the complement and coagulation pathway. These results may provide new information in elucidating host response to lactation and parturition stress, and inflammatory-like conditions at the protein level. Differential proteins may serve as potential markers to regulate the lactation and parturition stress in periparturient dairy cows.展开更多
为研究芽孢杆菌对萌发期玉米盐碱胁迫的缓解效应,以不同耐盐碱性的玉米品种(垦粘1号、先玉335、佳球105)为材料,在盐胁迫(100 mmol/L Na Cl)、碱胁迫(60 mmol/L Na HCO_(3))下接种芽孢杆菌进行萌发试验,探究芽孢杆菌对盐碱胁迫下玉米胚...为研究芽孢杆菌对萌发期玉米盐碱胁迫的缓解效应,以不同耐盐碱性的玉米品种(垦粘1号、先玉335、佳球105)为材料,在盐胁迫(100 mmol/L Na Cl)、碱胁迫(60 mmol/L Na HCO_(3))下接种芽孢杆菌进行萌发试验,探究芽孢杆菌对盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽长和胚根长、抗氧化酶(过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶)活性、渗透调节物质(可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸)含量、膜脂过氧化程度(超氧阴离子和丙二醛含量)的影响。结果表明,盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽和胚根生长受到抑制,抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量、膜脂过氧化程度均呈上升趋势。与盐碱胁迫相比,接种芽孢杆菌可提高盐碱胁迫下3个玉米品种胚芽长、胚根长及胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量,降低胚芽和胚根膜脂过氧化程度。其中,盐胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后,胚芽中超氧阴离子含量下降14.74%~49.30%,胚根中超氧阴离子含量下降0.37%~57.55%;碱胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后,胚芽超氧阴离子含量下降18.11%~46.31%,胚根超氧阴离子含量下降15.36%~46.83%。综上,芽孢杆菌能够通过提高玉米胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量来清除体内活性氧、维持细胞内外渗透压平衡,进而减轻盐碱胁迫对玉米萌发期造成的损伤,提高耐盐碱能力。展开更多
基金supported by the Talent Introduction Fund of Yangzhou University (2012)the Key Research Project-Industry Foresight and General Key Technology of Yangzhou (YZ2015020)+4 种基金the Innovative Talent Program of Green Yang Golden Phoenix (yzlyjfjh2015CX073)the Yangzhou Social Development Project (YZ2016072)the Jiangsu Province Six Talent Peaks Project (2014-XCL-013)the Jiangsu Industrial-Academic-Research Prospective Joint Project ( BY2016069-02)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Improving the mixing way of fillers and polymer before molding was demonstrated to be a promising approach in the past. In this study, we investigated the effects of the mixing method and the dispersed solvent on the mechanical and friction performance of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)-filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (HNTs/PTFE). After evenly mixing in solution, the HNTs/PTFE mixtures were formed into disc-like nanocomposites by the cold compression molding method. The mechanical performance showed that the tensile strength of the HNTs/PTFE nanocomposites prepared by employing the solution mixing method was about 3—5 MPa more and the Young’s modulus was increased by about 1.2 times greater than those prepared by employing the drying mixing method, but unfortunately they had a poorer elongation at break. Alternatively, it was noteworthy that the wear resistance of the nanocomposites prepared by employing the solution mixing method was improved by 5—10 times and 11—20 times as compared to those formed via the drying mixing method and pure PTFE, respectively. The results showed that the PTFE nanocomposites filled with HNTs by using the solution mixing method exhibited an excellent antiwear performance and had a desirable processability.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-G03-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41705139)+1 种基金the Youth Science Fund of China (41401085)the project of the State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science (SKLCS-ZZ-2017)
文摘The availability of high-resolution satellite precipitation measurement products provides an opportunity to monitor precipitation over large and complex terrain and thus accurately evaluate the climatic,hydrological and ecological conditions in those regions.The Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)mission is an important new program designed for global satellite precipitation estimation,but little information has been reported on the applicability of the GPM’s products for the Tibetan Plateau(TP).The object of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for GPM(IMERG)Final Run product under different terrain and climate conditions over the TP by using 78 ground gauges from April 2014 to December 2017.The results showed the following:(1)the 3-year average daily precipitation estimation in the IMERG agrees well with the rain gauge observations(R^2=0.58,P<0.01),and IMERG also has a considerable ability to detect precipitation,as indicated by a high probability of detection(78%-98%)and critical success index(65%-85%);(2)IMERG performed better at altitudes from 3000 m to 4000 m with a small relative bias(RB)of 6.4%.Precipitation change was not significantly affected by local relief;(3)the climate system of the TP was divided into four climate groups with a total of 12 climate types based on the K?ppen climate classification system,and IMERG performed well in all climate types with the exception of the arid-desert-cold climate(Bwk)type.Furthermore,although IMERG showed the potential to detect snowfall,it still exhibits deficiencies in identifying light and moderate snow.These results indicate that IMERG could provide more accurate precipitation data if its retrieval algorithm was improved for complex terrain and arid regions.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD12B02-5)the Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China (2004DA125184G1103)the Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, China
文摘Dairy cows undergo tremendous changes in physiological, metabolism and the immune function from pregnancy to lac- tation that are associated with cows being susceptible to metabolic and infectious diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate the changes of plasma proteome on 21 d before expected calving and 1 d after calving from dairy cows using an integrated proteomic approach consisting of minor abundance protein enrichment by ProteoMiner beads, protein labeling by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification, and protein identification by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Nineteen proteins were changed around the time of calving. These proteins were asso- ciated with response to stress, including acute-phase response and defense response, based on the proteins annotation. In particular, three up-regulated proteins after calving including factor V, a2-antiplasmin and prothrombin were assigned into the complement and coagulation pathway. These results may provide new information in elucidating host response to lactation and parturition stress, and inflammatory-like conditions at the protein level. Differential proteins may serve as potential markers to regulate the lactation and parturition stress in periparturient dairy cows.
文摘为研究芽孢杆菌对萌发期玉米盐碱胁迫的缓解效应,以不同耐盐碱性的玉米品种(垦粘1号、先玉335、佳球105)为材料,在盐胁迫(100 mmol/L Na Cl)、碱胁迫(60 mmol/L Na HCO_(3))下接种芽孢杆菌进行萌发试验,探究芽孢杆菌对盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽长和胚根长、抗氧化酶(过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶)活性、渗透调节物质(可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸)含量、膜脂过氧化程度(超氧阴离子和丙二醛含量)的影响。结果表明,盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽和胚根生长受到抑制,抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量、膜脂过氧化程度均呈上升趋势。与盐碱胁迫相比,接种芽孢杆菌可提高盐碱胁迫下3个玉米品种胚芽长、胚根长及胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量,降低胚芽和胚根膜脂过氧化程度。其中,盐胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后,胚芽中超氧阴离子含量下降14.74%~49.30%,胚根中超氧阴离子含量下降0.37%~57.55%;碱胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后,胚芽超氧阴离子含量下降18.11%~46.31%,胚根超氧阴离子含量下降15.36%~46.83%。综上,芽孢杆菌能够通过提高玉米胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量来清除体内活性氧、维持细胞内外渗透压平衡,进而减轻盐碱胁迫对玉米萌发期造成的损伤,提高耐盐碱能力。
