摘要
通过两年的田间试验 ,研究了不同生育时期增铵营养 (EAN)对小麦生长和氮素利用的影响 .结果表明 ,田间增铵营养促进了小麦植株的生长和氮素吸收 .其中基肥、分蘖期、拔节期EAN提高了小麦的干物质积累量、地上部氮积累量、有效穗数、叶面积指数、叶片叶绿素含量以及小麦的籽粒产量 ;孕穗期EAN效果不明显 ;全生育期EAN在促进生长方面的效果并无明显优势 ,但可有效降低土壤NO-3 N的淋溶损失 .与对照相比 ,EAN提高了氮流效率和吸收效率 ,但以拔节前处理最为明显 .拔节期EAN主要在于改善后期的叶片光合性能 ,并促进同化物向籽粒的再分配 ,而基肥和分蘖期EAN主要在于提高有效分蘖数 .
Field experiments were conducted in 1998～2000 to investigate the effects of EAN applied at different growth stages (basal,tillering,jointing,booting and whole growth stage) on wheat growth and nitrogen utilization.Compared with single NO - 3,EAN as basal fertilizer,tillering dressing and jointing dressing promoted dry matter and nitrogen accumulation after heading,LAI at booting stage,and chlorophyll content of wheat.Grain yield was also increased significantly.Nevertheless,there was no obvious promoting effect of EAN at booting dressing.No significant response of plant growth under EAN was observed over whole growth stage,compared with EAN at early stages,indicating that EAN after jointing was not effective to increase nitrogen utilization and wheat growth.But,it was more effective on decreasing N leaching than other EAN treatments.All EAN treatments increased nitrogen flow efficiency (NFE) and nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE),compared with single NO - 3,but EAN treatments before jointing had significant effects on increasing nitrogen utilization.Besides these,EAN as jointing dressing improved the leaf photosynthetic characteristics during the late developmental stage and the remobilization of dry matter to grain,while EAN as basal fertilizer and tillering dressing was more related to increased tillering.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第5期753-757,共5页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 9670 42 8
3 0 2 0 0 166)
关键词
小麦
增铵营养
生育时期
生长
氮素利用
Wheat, Enhanced ammonium nutrition(EAN), Growth stage, Growth response, Nitrogen utilization.
